Self-introduction of a two-meter nylon string into the urinary bladder: A case report

A foreign body of the urinary bladder can be caused by several factors. Several patients deliberately insert foreign bodies via the urethra due to psychiatric issues to achieve sexual pleasure. Self-inserted urinary bladder foreign bodies remain a significant challenge in the urology field regarding diagnosis and management as patients may be late in seeking medical assistance due to guilt and embarrassment. We aimed to report a 37-year-old man who inserted a two-meter nylon string into his urethra for sexual gratification.     

Myosin-XVa Controls Both Staircase Architecture and Diameter Gradation of Stereocilia Rows in the Auditory Hair Cell Bundles

Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology - Mammalian hair cells develop their mechanosensory bundles through consecutive phases of stereocilia elongation, thickening, and...     

Utilizing the McGill Thyroid Nodule Score to compare between hemithyroidectomy cases who required completion thyroidectomy and cases of hemithyroidectomy alone

ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate whether the McGill Thyroid Nodule Score (MTNS) accurately helps to decide the extent of surgery (hemithyroidectomy versus total thyroidectomy) based on the malignancy risk and to assess whether its use lowers the rate of completion thyroidectomy in cases of indeterminate thyroid nodules.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study comparing MTNS results of patients undergoing hemithyroidectomy in King Abdulaziz Medical City, NGHA, Jeddah from the period of January 2013 to December 2017. We divided the cases into hemithyroidectomy who required completion and hemithyroidectomy who did not need completion surgery. The pre-operative indeterminate FNA biopsy subgroup comprised of Bethesda type III (atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance) and Bethesda type IV (follicular neoplasm/suspicious for a follicular neoplasm/Hurthle cell neoplasm). Post-operative histopathology was divided into benign or malignant groups.ResultsOf the 501 patient charts reviewed, 111 (22.2%) had an indeterminate FNA biopsy. 97 (87.4%) patients were females and 14 (12.6%) were males. In the hemithyroidectomy group, the pre-operative mean of the MTNS was 6.65, while in the completion thyroidectomy the mean was 11.47. The median MTNS was 7 (32% risk of malignancy) for the hemithyroidectomy group and 11 (63% risk of malignancy) for the completion thyroidectomy group (p < 0.001).ConclusionsBased on the MTNS the risk of malignancy in cases of hemithyroidectomy who required completion surgery was significantly higher than those who underwent hemithyroidectomy only. The MTNS can be of value to thyroid surgeon in the pre-operative decision-making when dealing with an indeterminate thyroid nodule on FNA biopsy.     

Platelet-Derived MRP-14 Induces Monocyte Activation in Patients With Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease

Background

Peripheral artery disease (PAD), a diffuse manifestation of atherothrombosis, is a major cardiovascular threat. Although platelets are primary mediators of atherothrombosis, their role in the pathogenesis of PAD remains unclear.

Impact of heat shock protein 60KD in combination with outer membrane proteins on immune response against Brucella melitensis

Brucellosis caused by the bacterium Brucella affects various domestic and wild species. The outer membrane proteins 25 and 31 play key roles on stimulation of cell‐mediated immune response against Brucella. GroEL as one of the major Brucella antigens stimulates the immune system and increases intracellular survival of bacteria. In the present study, we assumed injection of GroEL in combination with OMP25 and OMP31 would offer higher immunity levels. So, the impact of GroEL with different concentrations of recombinant outer membrane proteins emulsified in Chitosan Nanoparticles on immune responses was evaluated in mice model. Results showed both univalent (except rGroEL) and divalent immunized groups induced higher IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, and IL‐4 titers in comparison to negative control groups. While GroEL showed negative effect on TNF‐α titer, there were positive increase trends in IFN‐γ in some treatments. Analysis of humoral antibody response revealed both univalent and divalent immunized groups induced higher IgG2a titer than IgG1 titer, indicating strong bent of Th1 immune response. Also, results showed GroEL can have positive impact on lymphocyte proliferation response. Overall, mice immunization using individual OMP25 or OMP31 demonstrated more effective cell‐mediated immunity, although some combinations of rGroEL and rOMP31 vaccines were more efficient than other divalent ones.     

Bilateral renal lymphangiomatosis: sonographic findings

Renal lymphangiomatosis is an exceedingly rare disorder characterized by developmental malformation of the lymphatic system surrounding the kidneys. We report a case of bilateral renal lymphangiomatosis in a 21-year-old man who underwent abdominal sonographic examination that revealed numerous cystic areas of various sizes around both kidneys with extension along the renal hilum. Subsequent abdominal CT examination demonstrated bilateral, multilocular, fluid-filled cystic masses with thin walls in the perirenal and peripelvic region. MRI of the patient revealed bilaterally enlarged kidneys with multiple hyperintense lesions in both perirenal spaces and the peripelvic area on T2-weighted images. These cystic spaces appeared hypointense on T1-weighted images with no enhancement in postcontrast images. The diagnosis of renal lymphangiomatosis was made based on typical imaging findings.