原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的X 线诊断

目的　探讨X线诊断原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的价值。方法　回顾性分析 2 1例原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的X线所见并与手术病理对照。结果　X线表现包括充盈缺损、黏膜改变、肠腔狭窄和龛影。结论　根据临床及X线表现 ,术前可以正确诊断原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤。     

生物被膜在临床感染性疾病中的研究进展

生物被膜(BF)是指由于单一或多种类群细菌为了适应周围环境,吸附于机体黏膜或植入性生物医学材料表面并分泌多糖基质、纤维蛋白、脂蛋白等多糖蛋白复合物,使得细菌相互粘连、聚集、缠绕,形成具有三维立体结构的膜样物.     

Increased Anxiety in Partners of Patients with a Cardioverter-Defibrillator: The Role of Indication for ICD Therapy, Shocks, and Personality

Background: The partner of the implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) patient serves as an important source of support for the patient, which may be hampered if the partner experiences increased distress. We examined (1) potential differences in anxiety and depressive symptoms in ICD patients compared to their partners, and (2) the extent to which the partner's personality is a more important determinant of partner distress than patient clinical characteristics, using a prospective design. Methods: Consecutively implanted ICD patients (n = 196) and their partners (n = 196) completed a set of psychological questionnaires at baseline and 6 months after implantation. Results: Analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that partners had significantly higher levels of anxiety compared to patients (F(1,390) = 16.431; P < 0.001) but not depressive symptoms (F(1,390) = 0.186; P = 0.67). There was a significant overall reduction in anxiety (F(1,390) = 79.552; P < 0.001) and depressive symptoms (F(1,390) = 39.868; P < 0.001) over 6 months, with group (i.e., patient vs partner) exerting a stable effect on anxiety (F(1,390) = 0.966; P = 0.33) and depressive symptoms (F(1,390) = 0.025; P = 0.87). These results remained in adjusted analysis. Determinants of anxiety and depressive symptoms in partners included secondary prophylaxis in patients (Ps < 0.001–0.002), Type D personality of the partner (Ps < 0.001–0.001), secondary prophylaxis by shock interaction (P = 0.002; anxiety only), and secondary prophylaxis by Type D interaction (Ps = 0.001–0.003). Conclusions: Partners had higher levels of anxiety but not depression than ICD patients. Partner distress could be attributed not only to the partner's personality, but also to patient clinical characteristics, primarily secondary prophylaxis for ICD therapy. These results indicate that information on the clinical characteristics of the patient in addition to partner characteristics may help identify partners at risk of distress.     

葡萄孢菌代谢产物α-吡喃酮酪氨酸酶抑制活性的研究

利用酪氨酸酶抑制活性追踪法对海洋真菌葡萄孢菌的代谢产物进行研究,分离得3个含有α-吡喃酮结构的化合物,并通过波谱方法进行了解析.通过测试α-吡喃酮不同衍生物对酪氨酸酶的活性抑制能力,初步确定了α-吡喃酮联接戊烷基时显示最强的酪氨酸酶活性抑制能力.     

Folate treatment of diphenylhydantoin-induced gingival hyperplasia

Abstract – It has recently been reported that folic acid supplementation reduced DPH-induced gingival hyperplasia in cat and in a pilot study also in man. The present study was performed to further evaluate this therapy in man. Twenty-three children with DPH-treatment for more than 1 yr, and eight children with short-time DPH-treatment were randomly assigned to groups with and without daily supplementation of folic acid (5 mg Folacin) for 1 yr. Although the DPH-levels were in many cases below the lower reference value, the seizure control of the children was good before and during the year of study. The plasma and red cell folate levels were within or above the given reference values in all but one child. There were no significant changes in the size of the gingival hyperplasias after 1 yr of folate supplementation. Nine severely mentally retarded DPH-treated adults were also given supplementation with folic acid. Their serum DPH-levels were above the higher reference values both at the start and during the study. Their plasma and red cell folic acid levels were below the reference value at the start of the study, but as a consequence of the Folacin supplementation these values rose. The size of the gingival hyperplasias was significantly reduced. Seizure control was unchanged. Folate levels should be checked and supplementation with folic acid considered in patients on long-term anticonvulsive multipharmacy therapy.     

The assessment of the short‐ and long‐term changes in the condylar position following sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) with rigid fixation

Summary The purpose of this study was to compare the short‐ and long‐term changes in condylar position related to the glenoid fossa, and skeletal and occlusal stability after orthognathic surgery. All of the study patients were assessed by cone‐beam computed tomography images for condylar rotational changes and anteroposterior position in the pre‐surgery, post‐surgery and post‐retention period. The condylar positions were evaluated on three planes: axial, coronal and sagittal. In the skeletal and occlusal measurements, there was no significant difference between the post‐surgery group and the post‐retention group. After sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO), the condyle on the axial plane rotated inward (P < 0·05) and maintained during the post‐retention period. In the anteroposterior condylar position related to the glenoid fossa, the condyles had changed from the anterior position in the pre‐surgery group to a concentric position in the post‐surgery group and then returned to the anterior position in the post‐retention groups. These results suggested that the changed anteroposterior condylar position in the glenoid fossa after SSRO with rigid fixation had moved from a concentric to anterior position for post‐retention period.     

桡动脉鼻烟窝穿支蒂前臂皮瓣修复手部软组织缺损

目的探讨桡动脉鼻烟窝穿支前臂外侧皮-头静脉神经营养血管远端蒂皮瓣临床应用效果。方法在前臂远端动脉穿支解剖学研究的基础上,2005年3月至2013年3月间临床采用虎口动脉穿支蒂前臂皮瓣修复手部创伤性软组织缺损27例,致伤原因:机器致伤15例,车祸致伤8例,爆炸伤4例。缺损部位:手背软组织缺损13例;手掌软组织缺损3例;虎口区挛缩11例。软组织缺损面积5.0 cm×3.0cm~12.0 cm×4.0 cm。皮瓣切取面积:最小为6.0 cm×4.0 cm,最大为14.0 cm×6.0 cm,皮瓣旋转点平桡腕关节。结果临床修复27例,创面Ⅰ期愈合26例,Ⅱ期愈合1例。所有病例经2~12个月随访,皮瓣色泽正常,手外形与功能改善满意,前臂供区创面植皮愈合良好,对功能无不良影响。结论桡动脉鼻烟窝穿支蒂前臂皮瓣,可以修复手部远侧创面,效果好。     

What do firefighters desire from the next generation of personal protective equipment? Outcomes from an international survey

The purpose of this study was to investigate smart features required for the next generation of personal protective equipment (PPE) for firefighters in Australia, Korea, Japan, and the USA. Questionnaire responses were obtained from 167 Australian, 351 Japanese, 413 Korean, and 763 U.S. firefighters (1,611 males and 61 females). Preferences concerning smart features varied among countries, with 27% of Korean and 30% of U.S. firefighters identifying ‘a location monitoring system’ as the most important element. On the other hand, 43% of Japanese firefighters preferred ‘an automatic body cooling system’ while 21% of the Australian firefighters selected equally ‘an automatic body cooling system’ and ‘a wireless communication system’. When asked to rank these elements in descending priority, responses across these countries were very similar with the following items ranked highest: ‘a location monitoring system’, ‘an automatic body cooling system’, ‘a wireless communication system’, and ‘a vision support system’. The least preferred elements were ‘an automatic body warming system’ and ‘a voice recording system’. No preferential relationship was apparent for age, work experience, gender or anthropometric characteristics. These results have implications for the development of the next generation of PPE along with the international standardisation of the smart PPE.