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21.
Ryugo Sawada Hisako Hotta Yong-Suk Chung Michio Sowa Tadashi Tai Ikuya Yano 《Cancer science》1998,89(2):167-176
Scirrhous gastric cancer is characteristic in that cancer cells proliferate and invade with prominent fibrosis. To search for the expression of specific carbohydrate chains in scirrhous gastric cancer, we have examined the glycosphingolipid composition of scirrhous cancer tissues (n=10) in comparison with that of non-scirrhous cancer tissues (n=10) by means of two-dimensional thin layer chromatography, followed by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of the individual glycolipids and immunostaining analysis. The major neutral glycosphingolipids from scirrhous gastric cancer tissues were identified as ceramide monohexoside, ceramide dihexoside, globotriaosyl ceramide (Gb3) and globoside (Gb4), while the major acidic glycosphingolipids were II3 Neu-Acα-LacCer, II3 NeuAcα2-LacCer and sulfatide. Relative concentrations of Gb3 and Gb4 in scirrhous gastric cancer tissues (Gb3+ Gb4=58%) were two times higher than those in non-scirrhous gastric cancer tissues (29%). Orthotopic fibroblasts cloned from scirrhous gastric cancer tissues showed similar high concentrations of Gb3 and Gb4 to scirrhous gastric cancer tissues. Furthermore, immunohistochemical study revealed that Gb3 and Gb4 were expressed intensely on the fibroblasts. On the other hand, analysis of glycosphingolipids in four scirrhous gastric cancer cell lines yielded the following results. i) The contents of Gb3 and Gb4 were low (6%), compared with orthotopic fibroblasts (62%). ii) Significant amounts of Lea (pentaglycosylceramide) and Leb (hexa- and heptaglycosylceramides), which could not be detected in scirrhous cancer tissues, were observed. The results show that the major neutral glycosphingolipids such as Gb3 and Gb4 of scirrhous gastric cancer tissues were derived from orthotopic fibroblasts and not from the cancer cells. 相似文献
22.
Belinda G. O'Sullivan Heather F. Gidding Matthew Law John M. Kaldor Gwendolyn L. Gilbert Gregory J. Dore 《Australian and New Zealand journal of public health》2004,28(2):212-216
Objectives : To estimate the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Australia and attributable proportions associated with specific demographic groups at higher risk of infection.
Methods : Two methods were used to estimate prevalence of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg): (1) Population-based: results of a national serosurvey using sera collected opportunistically from laboratories across Australia were used for 1–59 year olds, with the HBsAg prevalence for 50–59 years extrapolated to the population aged 60 years and over; (2) Risk group-based: estimates for selected high-risk groups (injecting drug users, homosexual men, Indigenous Australians and people born in high-prevalence countries), using source data from antenatal HBV screening in central Sydney, HBV prevalence studies, and estimates for low-risk groups (first-time blood donors) were combined proportionally to their representation in the population.
Results : Prevalence of HBsAg in the national serosurvey increased, with age, from 0.0% for 1–4 and 5–9 year olds to 1.3–1.8% for the 40–49 year age group. Australian population HBsAg prevalence based on minimum and adjusted estimates from this serosurvey were 91,500 (0.49%) and 163,000 (0.87%) infections, respectively. The risk group method estimated an Australian HBsAg prevalence of 88,000 infections (0.47%). Approximately 50% of people with chronic HBV infection were estimated to be immigrants from either South-East Asia (33.3%) or North-East Asia (16.2%).
Conclusion : The range of estimates for chronic HBV infection in Australia is broad, reflecting the uncertainty in source data. A national blood survey encompassing a large and representative population sample may help to provide more accurate estimates. A large proportion of people with chronic HBV infection are Asian born. 相似文献
Methods : Two methods were used to estimate prevalence of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg): (1) Population-based: results of a national serosurvey using sera collected opportunistically from laboratories across Australia were used for 1–59 year olds, with the HBsAg prevalence for 50–59 years extrapolated to the population aged 60 years and over; (2) Risk group-based: estimates for selected high-risk groups (injecting drug users, homosexual men, Indigenous Australians and people born in high-prevalence countries), using source data from antenatal HBV screening in central Sydney, HBV prevalence studies, and estimates for low-risk groups (first-time blood donors) were combined proportionally to their representation in the population.
Results : Prevalence of HBsAg in the national serosurvey increased, with age, from 0.0% for 1–4 and 5–9 year olds to 1.3–1.8% for the 40–49 year age group. Australian population HBsAg prevalence based on minimum and adjusted estimates from this serosurvey were 91,500 (0.49%) and 163,000 (0.87%) infections, respectively. The risk group method estimated an Australian HBsAg prevalence of 88,000 infections (0.47%). Approximately 50% of people with chronic HBV infection were estimated to be immigrants from either South-East Asia (33.3%) or North-East Asia (16.2%).
Conclusion : The range of estimates for chronic HBV infection in Australia is broad, reflecting the uncertainty in source data. A national blood survey encompassing a large and representative population sample may help to provide more accurate estimates. A large proportion of people with chronic HBV infection are Asian born. 相似文献
23.
Vaibhav S. Keskar Shashir Wanjare Tukaram E. Jamale Dinesh Mahajan Sunil Y. Jawale Gwendolyn Fernandes 《Renal failure》2014,36(7):1129-1132
Fusarium is a filamentous opportunistic pathogenic fungus responsible for superficial as well as invasive infection in immunocompromized hosts. Net state of immunosuppression and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection appear to predispose to this disease which is life-threatening when disseminated. Though infections with Fusarium have been widely described in hematological malignancies and hematopoietic stem cell transplant cases, they have been reported to be rare in solid organ transplant recipients, are often localized and carry a favorable prognosis. We here describe a rare case of subcutaneous non-invasive infection with Fusarium in a renal allograft recipient two and half years after transplantation. Patient had a previous history of CMV infection along with multiple other recurrent co-infections. Diagnosis was based on culture of tissue specimens yielding Fusarium species. The infection had a protracted course with persistence of lesions after treatment with voriconazole alone, requiring a combination of complete surgical excision and therapy with the anti-fungal drug. 相似文献
24.
Gwendolyn Fearing Melanie Barwick Melissa Kimber 《Administration and policy in mental health》2014,41(4):455-468
Implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) is highly encouraged within mental health services. This single case study examines the process of an EBP implementation effort, guided by the National Implementation Research Network (NIRN) implementation model, from the perspective of behavioural healthcare managers in a child and youth mental health provider organization. Qualitative methods identified process themes emerging over 3 years of an organizational change process that support and refine the NIRN model. Dedicated management oversight and implementation teams are essential for EBP implementation; practice leads and practice coaches are useful implementation innovations; and organizations seeking to implement several EBPs simultaneously must guard against organizational absorptive capacity. These findings can guide EBP implementation in child and youth behavioural healthcare. 相似文献
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27.
Theodor Baars Ursula Neumann Mona Jinawy Stefanie Hendricks Jan-Peter Sowa Julia K?lsch Mona Riemenschneider Guido Gerken Raimund Erbel Dominik Heider Ali Canbay 《Medicine》2016,95(6)
Detection of high-risk subjects in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by noninvasive means would reduce the need for intracardiac catheterization and associated complications. Liver enzymes are associated with cardiovascular disease risk. A potential predictive value for liver serum markers for the severity of stenosis in AMI was analyzed.Patients with AMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI; n = 437) were retrospectively evaluated. Minimal lumen diameter (MLD) and percent stenosis diameter (SD) were determined from quantitative coronary angiography. Patients were classified according to the severity of stenosis (SD ≥ 50%, n = 357; SD < 50%, n = 80). Routine heart and liver parameters were associated with SD using random forests (RF). A prediction model (M10) was developed based on parameter importance analysis in RF.Age, alkaline phosphatase (AP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and MLD differed significantly between SD ≥ 50 and SD < 50. Age, AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and troponin correlated significantly with SD, whereas MLD correlated inversely with SD. M10 (age, BMI, AP, AST, ALT, gamma-glutamyltransferase, creatinine, troponin) reached an AUC of 69.7% (CI 63.8–75.5%, P < 0.0001).Routine liver parameters are associated with SD in AMI. A small set of noninvasively determined parameters can identify SD in AMI, and might avoid unnecessary coronary angiography in patients with low risk. The model can be accessed via http://stenosis.heiderlab.de. 相似文献
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29.
Vanessa Pirani Gaioso Antonia Maria Villarruel Lynda Anne Wilson Andres Azuero Gwendolyn Denice Childs Susan Lane Davies 《Revista latino-americana de enfermagem》2015,23(3):500-511
OBJECTIVE:
to test a theoretical model based on the Parent-Based Expansion of the Theory of Planned Behavior examining relation between selected parental, teenager and cultural variables and Latino teenagers'' intentions to engage in sexual behavior.METHOD:
a cross-sectional correlational design based on a secondary data analysis of 130 Latino parent and teenager dyads.RESULTS:
regression and path analysis procedures were used to test seven hypotheses and the results demonstrated partial support for the model. Parent familism and knowledge about sex were significantly associated with parents'' attitudes toward sexual communication with their teenagers. Parent Latino acculturation was negatively associated with parents'' self-efficacy toward sexual communication with their teenagers and positevely associated with parents'' subjective norms toward sexual communication with their teenagers. Teenager knowledge about sex was significantly associated with higher levels of teenagers'' attitudes and subjective norms about sexual communication with parents. Only the predictor of teenagers'' attitudes toward having sex in the next 3 months was significantly associated with teenagers'' intentions to have sex in the next 3 months.CONCLUSION:
the results of this study provide important information to guide future research that can inform development of interventions to prevent risky teenager sexual behavior among Latinos. 相似文献30.
Megan R. Schwarzman Janet M. Ackerman Shanaz H. Dairkee Suzanne E. Fenton Dale Johnson Kathleen M. Navarro Gwendolyn Osborne Ruthann A. Rudel Gina M. Solomon Lauren Zeise Sarah Janssen 《Environmental health perspectives》2015,123(12):1255-1264