The management of Frey's syndrome with aluminium chloride hexahydrate antiperspirant.

Nine patients suffering from gustatory sweating (Frey's syndrome) following parotidectomy have been treated by topical applications of aluminium chloride hexahydrate. Treatment has successfully controlled gustatory sweating using application intervals varying from 1 to 50 days.     

Localization of motor-related proteins and associated complexes to active, but not inactive, centromeres

Multicentric chromosomes are often found in tumor cells and certain cell lines. How they are generated is not fully understood, though their stability suggests that they are non-functional during chromosome segregation. Growing evidence has implicated microtubule motor proteins in attachment of chromosomes to the mitotic spindle and in chromosome movement. To better understand the molecular basis for the inactivity of centromeres associated with secondary constrictions, we have tested these structures by immunofluorescence microscopy for the presence of motor complexes and associated proteins. We find strong immunoreactivity at the active, but not inactive, centromeres of prometaphase multicentric chromosomes using antibodies to the cytoplasmic dynein intermediate chains, three components of the dynactin complex (dynamitin, Arp1 and p150 Glued ), the kinesin-related proteins CENP-E and MCAK and the proposed structural and checkpoint proteins HZW10, CENP-F and Mad2p. These results offer new insight into the assembly and composition of both primary and secondary constrictions and provide a molecular basis for the apparent inactivity of the latter during chromosome segregation.      

Organization of intrinsic connections in owl monkey area MT

Area MT (middle temporal) is a well-defined visual representation common to all primates, which shows a clear selectivity to the analysis of visual motion. In the present study we examined the architecture of the intrinsic connections in area MT in an attempt to reveal its organizing principles and its potential relationship to the functional domains in area MT. Intrinsic connections were studied by placing small injections of the tracer biocytin in area MT of seven adult owl monkeys (Aotus nancymae). The injections were targeted at well-defined orientation domains revealed using optical imaging of intrinsic signals. The distribution of axons labeled by these injections was related both to the cytochrome oxidase histochemistry and to the layout of functional domains in area MT and surrounding tissue. Tracer injections in the superficial layers of area MT produced a complex network of extrinsic and intrinsic axonal connections. Clear instances of extrinsic connections were observed between area MT proper and the MT crescent situated postero-medially to it. The intrinsic connections were laterally spread and organized in patch-like clusters with an average distance from injection center to the furthest patch of 1.8 +/- 0.55 mm (+/-SD, n = 9). The overall axonal distribution tended to be anisotropic, i.e. the patches were distributed within an elongated ellipse [average anisotropy ratio: 1.86 +/- 0.66 (+/-SD)] and were asymmetrically distributed about either side of the injection site [average asymmetry ratio: 2.3 +/- 0.7 (+/-SD)]. Finally, there was a tendency for the intrinsic connections to connect to functional domains of similar orientation preference in area MT. However, this tendency varied substantially between individual cases. The highly specific nature of MT lateral connections puts clear constraints on models of surround influences in the receptive fields of MT neurons.      

Comparison of the isozyme phenotypes of the morphologically similar ticks Amblyomma cajennense and A. imitator (Acari: Ixodidae) from south Texas

A survey of Amblyomma Koch tick populations in southern Texas revealed that A. imitator Kohls was restricted to the two most southern counties, but that A. cajennense (Fabricius) ranged at least as far north as Kingsville, Tex. Females of the two species could be distinguished by the presence of chitinous tubercles on the festoons of A. cajennense and the presence of projections over both sides of the apron of the genital aperture in A. imitator. Males were distinguished by size, ornamentation, and the elongate ventral scutes of A. imitator. In addition, six enzymes, AATA, ACONA, IDH2, LDH, MPI, and PEP, were diagnostic for the two species and two others, aGPD and ACONC, had high diagnostic values. Resulting interspecific divergence was significant, I = 0.582. Genetic variability was higher in A. imitator (h = 0.092) than in A. cajennense (h = 0.057), but neither species exhibited marked interpopulation divergence (I = 0.991 in A. imitator, I = 0.994 in A. cajennense).