实习医生对艾滋病病毒职业暴露知识知晓的调查与分析

目的了解实习医生对艾滋病病毒职业暴露知识知晓的情况,为防护知识培训提供依据,减少职业暴露的发生,并知晓发生暴露后的处理措施。方法采用问卷调查法,以整群抽样方式,分别于岗前培训前和培训后对558名即将进入临床医疗实习的学生进行调查。结果实习医生培训前后对艾滋病病毒职业暴露知识知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对实习医生进行岗前培训时有必要增加艾滋病病毒职业暴露知识的培训,以增加实习医生对职业暴露的防护能力和暴露后的及时应对。     

LncRNA SNHG1 promotes renal cell carcinoma progression through regulation of HMGA2 via sponging miR‐103a

BackgroundLong noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) plays a vital role in tumorigenesis and development. The molecular mechanism of SNHG1 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been illustrated. The aim of this research was to explore the expression and function of LncRNA SNHG1 in RCC.Material and MethodsThe expression of SNHG1 in clinical tissues and RCC cell lines was detected. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the correlation between SNHG1, miR‐103a, and HMGA2. CCK‐8 assay was performed to examine cell viability. Cell apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry. Cell invasion capacity was determined by Transwell assays. The protein level of HMGA2 was analyzed by Western blotting.ResultsThe expression of SNHG1 markedly increased in RCC tissues and cell lines. Subsequent studies identified SNHG1 as a miRNA sponge for miR‐103a. In addition, SNHG1 knockdown and miR‐103a overexpression significantly inhibited progression of RCC. miR‐103a also regulated HMGA2 levels.ConclusionOur findings showed that SNHG1 was upregulated in RCC cells and tissues. SNHG1 promoted the malignant characteristics of RCC cells. Its regulatory effect may be regulation of HMGA2 by sponging miR‐103a. Therefore, Our study facilitates the understanding of SNHG1 function in RCC.     

HSV1-TK/GCV系统对人肺腺癌细胞A549生物学特性的影响

目的　观察转TK基因肺癌细胞对丙氧鸟苷 (GCV)的敏感性及TK GCV系统杀灭肿瘤细胞机制。方法　观察转TK基因、转空载体A5 49细胞 (下分别简称A5 49 TK、A5 49 pLXSN)和A5 49细胞形态学改变、生长增殖特性。GCV对 3种细胞生长抑制 (MTT法 )。电镜、流式细胞仪观察A5 49 TK、A5 49细胞经 5 0μmol LGCV作用 3d后细胞凋亡。 结果　转基因细胞变为不规则 ,呈多角型 ,透亮度下降 ,体外增殖能力下降 ,A5 49 TK ,A5 49 pLXSN ,A5 493种细胞倍增时间分别为 42 .3 5、41.75、3 6.18h。依据IC5 0 ,A5 49 TK细胞对GCV敏感性比A5 49细胞提高 46倍 ,电镜发现A5 49 TK细胞有凋亡小体 ,核呈半月征等 ,流式细胞仪发现A5 49 TK、A5 49细胞亚G0 G1 期分别为 ( 12 .2 1± 1.76) %、( 1.3 2± 0 .47) % ,两者比较P <0 .0 1。结论　A5 49 TK细胞获得了对GCV敏感性 ,TK GCV杀灭肿瘤细胞与诱导凋亡有关。     

芍芪多苷对体外化学性肝细胞损伤的保护作用

目的探讨芍芪多苷对CCl4致体外原代肝细胞损伤模型的保护作用及可能机制。方法建立CCl4致化学性体外肝细胞损伤模型,分光光度法检测丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量,MTT法检测肝细胞存活率。结果芍芪多苷可降低原代肝细胞培养上清液中ALT、MDA水平,增加SOD酶活性,提高肝细胞存活率。结论SQDG对CCl4所致肝细胞体外损伤模型具有明显的保护作用。     

Degradation Mechanism and Numerical Simulation of Pervious Concrete under Salt Freezing-Thawing Cycle

In order to explore the occurrence area of pervious concrete freeze-thaw deterioration, the mass loss, strength deterioration, ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocity and dynamic elastic modulus attenuation of pervious concrete under freeze-thaw cycles were measured, and a prediction model of freeze-thaw damage was established. The mechanical properties of hardened cement pastes with the same W/C ratio under freeze-thaw cycles were also measured. Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) was used to measure the pore structure characteristic parameters and pore size distribution changes of cement paste under freeze-thaw cycle, and the microstructure evolution of interfacial transition zone (ITZ) of paste and aggregate was observed by SEM scanning electron microscopy. Finally, a pervious concrete model was established by DEM to analyze the relationship between the number of freeze-thaw cycles and the mesoscopic parameters. The results indicated that the quality, strength and dynamic elastic modulus of pervious concrete deteriorate to different degrees under the conditions of water freezing and salt freezing. The damage sensitivity and strength loss of freeze-thaw damage is greater than the dynamic elastic modulus loss, which is greater than mass loss. In the pervious concrete paste which underwent 100 freeze-thaw cycles, the pore structure and macro strength had no obvious change, and hardened paste and the aggregate-interface-generated defects increased with the increase in freezing and thawing times, indicating that the deterioration of pervious concrete performance under freeze-thaw cycles was closely related to the deterioration of the interface strength of the aggregate and hardened paste. The pervious concrete model established by DEM can accurately simulate the change of the compressive modulus and the strength of pervious concrete during freeze-thaw cycles.     

老年人肺癌外科治疗

 目的　总结老年人肺癌外科诊治经验。方法　 64例肺癌患者经胸部X -线和CT检查、诊断性抗炎抗痨治疗、支气管镜检查和剖胸手术中快速病理诊断 ,以及同时进行肺癌的手术治疗。结果　肺癌切除率 90 .8% ,无手术死亡 ,2例出现呼吸衰竭 ,需延长呼吸器辅助时间。结论　老年肺癌患者经认真术前准备 ,及时采取微创手术治疗 ,加强术后处理是提高手术疗效的关键     

过负荷医院护理质量评价核心要素的质性研究

[目的]初步筛选过负荷医院护理质量评价核心要素,为制定规范的过负荷医院护理质量评价体系提供依据。[方法]采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,对9名专家进行深度访谈,运用现象学分析方法进行资料的分析。[结果]共析出2个主题、7个亚主题。[结论]过负荷医院的护理质量评价应关注组织管理、专业水平等两个核心要素,涉及制度规范、人力配置、物资管理、演习训练、病情观察及判断、护理安全、感染控制等多个方面。     

口内入路下颌角肥大弧形截骨术

OBJECTIVE: This paper presents a new method of osteotomy for the prominent mandibular angle (PMA). METHODS: Two modifications have been made to the conventional procedures. The first is the one-stage curved osteotomy of the mandibular angle. The second is non-resection of the masseter muscle. The surgical procedure has been performed through an intraoral approach with a direct field of vision. RESULTS: From December 1996 to December 1997, a total of thirty-eight patients suffering from PMA have been operated on by this method with satisfactory results. The follow-up is 3 to 12 months. CONCLUSION: This method is a very simple and ideal procedure with much less complications for surgical treatment of PMA.     

原位肝移植术后胆漏的诊断和治疗

目的　探讨原位肝移植 (orthotopiclivertransplantation ,OLT)术后胆漏的诊断和治疗方法。方法　回顾性分析 12例患者OLT术后胆漏的诊断和治疗。 12例中男 9例 ,女 3例 ,平均年龄 (45±10 )岁。 3例行经典式OLT ,9例行背驮式OLT。胆管重建方式均为胆总管端端吻合术 ,其中 9例放置“T”形管引流。诊断主要依据临床表现及胆管造影。胆漏平均诊断时间为 (8± 6 )d。 7例经非手术治疗 ,包括保持腹腔引流通畅、重置引流管、鼻胆管引流、B型超声引导穿刺抽吸引流及抗炎治疗 ;5例经手术治疗 ,包括胆总管 空肠吻合术、“T”形管重置术或吻合口修补术。结果　 10例治愈 ,2例死于严重全身感染。结论　OLT术后胆漏的诊断主要依据临床表现及胆管造影。高龄患者或合并有胆道缺血者预后差。