药敏纸片的质量控制研究

目的：探讨和研究药敏纸片质量控制的方法。方法：以克拉霉素药敏纸片为例，参照美国临床实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)和联邦法规全书(CFR)的方法，建立一套药敏纸片质量控制的指标，包括鉴别、检查及含量测定。结果：采用专属性较强、灵敏度较高的TLC法进行鉴别，最低检出量为50μg；制订纸片的的直径、重量差异、含量均匀性及干燥失重作为检查项，采用短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)[CMCC(B)63202]作为检定菌，进行含量测定。结论：建立的克拉霉素药敏纸片质量标准能够控制其质量，可作为其他抗生素药敏纸片建立质量标准的参考。     

肝内胆管癌30例的临床病理特征及预后分析

目的 :探讨肝内胆管癌 (intra hepaticcholangiocarcinoma ,ICC)的临床病理特征及治疗与预后的关系。方法 :回顾性分析 1991～ 1999年山东省立医院、济宁医学院附属医院 3 0例ICC患者病理、临床资料。结果 :ICC比肝细胞癌少见且预后不良 ,手术切除是目前较理想治疗方式 ,影响预后的因素是肿瘤边缘、淋巴结转移与组织病理情况。根治切除术后 1年生存率 5 3 3 % ,3年生存率 3 3 3 %。结论 :根治性切除是最有效的治疗方法。     

肾上腺素诱导兔血小板聚集的实践与理论探讨

目的创建以Ａｄｒ诱导兔血小板聚集的方法，并对受体分子特性作初步探讨。方法以高Ｋ＋缓冲液等取代兔ＰＲＰ中血浆，以Ａｄｒ诱导聚集，以Ａｐｙｒ证实结果。结果兔血小板悬浮于高Ｋ＋缓冲液时Ａｄｒ能单独诱导真正的聚集。结论由此推测血小板膜上α２肾上腺素受体分子可能为由两种亚单位组成：促聚亚单位和辅助亚单位。人辅助亚单位当Ａｄｒ浓度高达聚集阈值以上时可被激活，与促聚亚单位结合为活性的二聚体，与Ａｄｒ进一步结合发生聚集作用。兔辅助亚单位则还需要高Ｋ＋方能被激活     

补肾调肝敛乳方对泌乳素分泌影响的动物实验研究

利用体外垂体组织培养技术及灭吐灵诱导ＨＰＲＬ小鼠模型，以溴隐亭为对照，观察敛方的作用。结果：剑乳方不仅可以抑制离体垂体ＰＲＬ的分泌，还可拮抗灭吐灵导致的小鼠血清ＰＲＬ升高、子宫减重、受孕率下性周期紊乱，上述作用与溴隐亭相似，敛乳方还可促使示成熟雌鼠阴道上皮细胞角化。     

Multi‐center Retrospective Study of Factors Affecting Perioperative Transfusion of Packed Red Blood Cells for Pelvic Fracture Patients

ObjectiveTo analyze the use of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) for patients with pelvic fracture and evaluate factors associated with PRBC transfusion for patients with pelvic fracture.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study collected 551 patients with pelvic fractures from six hospitals between September 1, 2012, and June 31, 2019. The age span of patients varied from 10 to 95 years old, and they were classified into two groups based on high‐energy pelvic fractures (HE‐PFs) or low‐energy pelvic fractures (LE‐PFs). The study''s outcome was the use of PRBCs, fresh frozen plasma (FFP), and albumin. Demographic data, characteristics, laboratory tests, clinical treatment details, and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. Factors that were statistically associated with perioperative PRBCs in univariate analyses were included to conduct an optimal scale regression to determine the independent factors for perioperative PRBCs.ResultsA total of 551 patients were screened from six hospitals, and after inclusion and exclusion, 319 were finally included and finished the follow‐up from admission to discharge, while four patients died during hospitalization. Three hundred and nineteen patients were classified into two groups by their injury mechanisms. A total of 230/319 (72.1%) patients were classified into the HE‐PF group, and 89/319 (27.8%) patients were classified into the LE‐PF group. Patients in the HE‐PF group were transfused with 4.5 (3–8) units of PRBCs, 300 (0–600) ml of FFP, and 0 (0–30) g of albumin, while patients in the LE‐PF group were transfused with 3.5 (2–4.5) units of PRBCs, 0 (0–295) ml of FFP, and 0 (0–0) g of albumin (all P < 0.001). There were higher proportions of male patients and patients under 65 in the HE‐PF group (all P < 0.001). HE‐PF group patients were more severely injured and likely to take external fixation. The optimal scale regression revealed four significant factors associated with perioperative transfused PRBCs, which were patients on admission with hemorrhagic shock (importance = 0.283, P = 0.004), followed by fracture types identified by Tile classification (importance = 0.156, P < 0.001), hemoglobin levels below 70 g/L on admission (importance = 0.283, P = 0.004), followed by fracture types identified by Tile classification (importance = 0.156, P < 0.001), hemoglobin levels below 70 g/L on admission (importance = 0.148, P = 0.039), and methods of pelvic fixation (importance = 0.008, P = 0.026), ranked by the importance.ConclusionPatients with HE‐PFs had increased transfusions of PRBCs, FFP, and albumin, and hemorrhagic shock on admission, Tile classification, Hb levels, and stabilization methods were found to be associated with perioperative PRBCs.     

《药物合成反应》课程考试改革初探

从有利于引导学生主动性学习,有利于学生积极开拓思路和激发创新思维出发,根据《药物合成反应》课程性质和特点,采用查文献写综述与书面闭卷笔试相组合的考试模式评价学生成绩。这种做法突破了单纯的笔试局限,极大地调动了学生学习的自主性、积极性,提高了学生独立获取知识及科技论文写作的能力,取得了良好的教学效果。     

乾坤胶囊治疗肺癌的临床研究

目的:评价乾坤胶囊治疗肺癌的临床疗效并探讨该复方中药制剂抗肺癌的作用机理.方法:对100例经细胞病理学证实的肺癌患者,随机分为乾坤胶囊组(胶囊组)34例,化疗组33例,化疗 胶囊组(综合组)33例.从临床症状、免疫指标、血象、生活状态(Karnofsky评分标准)、体重及p53、PCNA的表达等方面进行了前瞻性对比治疗研究.结果:胶囊组、综合组、化疗组的总有效率分别为94.1%、90.9%、57.5%.经统计分析,胶囊组、综合组与化疗组比较均有显著性差异(P＜0.01及P＜0.05).显示乾坤胶囊对肺癌患者能明显改善症状、增加体重、有效地提高生存质量、显著地提高细胞免疫功能(NK细胞、LAK细胞、IL-2、CD3、CD4、CD4/CD8)、降低p53及PCNA阳性细胞数.结论:乾坤胶囊治疗肺癌疗效确切,无不良反应.其机理是全面提高患者的免疫功能,抑制p53及PCNA的表达.     

老年睑板腺功能障碍蠕形螨感染率及茶树精油联合氟米龙的疗效

目的：研究老年睑板腺功能障碍(MGD)蠕形螨感染率及茶树精油联合氟米龙的疗效。

方法：回顾性病例对照研究。选择2017-09/2018-03在宁波市眼科医院门诊就诊的老年MGD患者59例118眼。将睫毛蠕形螨镜检为阳性的38例患者76眼进行症状评分、蠕形螨数量、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、角膜荧光素染色(FL)、Schirmer I试验(SIaT)等检查,并按不同治疗方法分成3组,A组使用0.02%氟米龙滴眼液滴眼24眼; B组使用茶树精油(TTO)湿巾敷眼26眼; C组用0.02%氟米龙滴眼液滴眼联合TTO湿巾敷眼26眼,随访4wk。

结果：118眼中76眼(64.4%)睫毛蠕形螨镜检为阳性。睫毛蠕形螨阳性的三组患者治疗后的主观症状评分均较治疗前有改善(P<0.05)。治疗后A组蠕形螨数量较治疗前无显著差异(P=0.11); B、C组较治疗前明显减少(均P<0.01)。三组患者BUT治疗前后比较,A组BUT无显著差异(P=0.22); B、C组BUT明显延长(均P<0.05)。治疗后C组的BUT较A、B组明显延长(均P<0.05)。三组患者治疗前后的FL评分均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05)。

结论：老年MGD患者睫毛蠕形螨感染率较高,睑板腺热疏通后TTO湿巾联合0.02%氟米龙滴眼液能有效驱螨、缓解MGD患者局部症状。     

成人脊髓圆锥水平的脊髓和硬膜囊径线MRI研究

目的 :评价正常成人脊髓圆锥水平脊髓和硬膜囊矢径、横径的正常值范围及在临床实践中的应用价值。方法 :对 1 5 6例正常成人行脊髓圆锥最大矢径横截面水平T1 WI横断面扫描 ,测量该处脊髓与硬膜囊的矢径、横径 ,计算其平均值、标准差及矢径与横径比、近似面积。结果 :脊髓圆锥最大矢径横截面多位于T1 2 椎体 (82例 ,5 2 5 7% ) ,脊髓矢径 (6 86± 0 75 )mm ,横径 (8 4 1± 0 88)mm ,矢横比 0 75～ 0 85 ,硬膜囊矢径 (1 3 2 6± 1 6 1 )mm ,横径 (1 7 5 8± 2 6 8)mm ,矢横比 0 6 5～ 0 80 ,各径线大小无性别、年龄和身高差异 ,脊髓与硬膜囊矢径成正相关。结论 :熟悉脊髓和硬膜囊径线的正常值范围对临床诊断髓内肿瘤与硬膜囊等病变有较大帮助