Laparoscopic anterior and posterior native tissue repair: a new pelvic floor approach

Introduction: Traditionally, a cystocele caused by a midline defect of the pelvic fascia is treated by vaginal fascia duplication, also known as anterior colporraphy. The rectocele is managed by suturing the posterior fascia and, frequently, the levator ani muscles. We developed the approach of laparoscopic anterior and posterior fascia repair by native tissue.

Material and methods: The methods were based on anterior and posterior exposure of pelvic fascia similar to the preparation of an extended sacral colpopexy. The fascia was compressed and narrowed by absorbable woven sutures, size 1. Twenty-seven patients were followed up for 6–13?months. All patients received additional apical fixation by pectopexy.

Results: In the examination group, 13 patients underwent anterior laparoscopic fascia repair and 23 had posterior repair. We detected one apical and one posterior relapse, and also one in the anterior repair group. The patient with the apical relapse reported pain and de novo urgency. Anatomical reconstruction was achieved in all other patients.

Summary: Laparoscopic anterior and posterior native tissue repair appears to be a feasible method for the treatment of midline cystocele and rectocele. No new risks were observed. The technique leaves no scar in the vagina and is well accepted.

Abbreviations: POPQ: Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System; FDA: Food and Drug Association; US: United States; Fig: Figure; ICIQ: International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire     

Determinants of image quality of rotational angiography for on-line assessment of frame geometry after transcatheter aortic valve implantation

To study the determinants of image quality of rotational angiography using dedicated research prototype software for motion compensation without rapid ventricular pacing after the implantation of four commercially available catheter-based valves. Prospective observational study including 179 consecutive patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with either the Medtronic CoreValve (MCS), Edward-SAPIEN Valve (ESV), Boston Sadra Lotus (BSL) or Saint-Jude Portico Valve (SJP) in whom rotational angiography (R-angio) with motion compensation 3D image reconstruction was performed. Image quality was evaluated from grade 1 (excellent image quality) to grade 5 (strongly degraded). Distinction was made between good (grades 1, 2) and poor image quality (grades 3–5). Clinical (gender, body mass index, Agatston score, heart rate and rhythm, artifacts), procedural (valve type) and technical variables (isocentricity) were related with the image quality assessment. Image quality was good in 128 (72?%) and poor in 51 (28?%) patients. By univariable analysis only valve type (BSL) and the presence of an artefact negatively affected image quality. By multivariate analysis (in which BMI was forced into the model) BSL valve (Odds 3.5, 95?% CI [1.3–9.6], p?=?0.02), presence of an artifact (Odds 2.5, 95?% CI [1.2–5.4], p?=?0.02) and BMI (Odds 1.1, 95?% CI [1.0–1.2], p?=?0.04) were independent predictors of poor image quality. Rotational angiography with motion compensation 3D image reconstruction using a dedicated research prototype software offers good image quality for the evaluation of frame geometry after TAVI in the majority of patients. Valve type, presence of artifacts and higher BMI negatively affect image quality.     

草分支杆菌注射液联合苄星青霉素治疗早期梅毒的疗效分析

目的:探讨草分支杆菌注射液联合苄星青霉素在早期梅毒治疗中的作用。方法:将80例早期梅毒患者分为治疗组(草分支杆菌注射液联合苄星青霉素)和对照组(单用苄星青霉素),观察时间6个月。结果:治疗3、6个月时治疗组快速血浆反应素试验(RPR)几何平均滴度低于对照组(P<0.05),治疗6个月治疗组RPR阴转率为40%,对照组为21.2%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:草分支杆菌注射液辅助治疗早期梅毒可以增强苄星青霉素驱梅的疗效。     

系统性红斑狼疮并发肺动脉高压37例临床分析

目的:探讨系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)并肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension,PAH)患者的临床特点及发病机制,方法:37例经彩色多普勒超声心动图诊断明确、资料完整的SLE合并PAH患者,对其临床症状、实验室指标、超声心动图特点、SLEDAI积分进行回顺性分析.结果:本组患者抗nRNP阳性、抗心磷脂抗体IgG异常、浆膜炎、SLEDAI评分和肺间质病变出现率均增高,与PAH的发生率成正相关结论:SLE是自身免疫性疾病中合并PAH较常见的疾病,对于出现雷诺现象、皮肤血管炎、抗nRNP阳性、抗心磷脂抗体IgG阳性以及浆膜炎和肺间质病变的SLE患者应警惕PAH的可能,彩色多普勒超声心动图及相关检查有利于早期诊断.     

Optimisation of multiple W/O/W nanoemulsions for dermal delivery of aciclovir

In the present study multiple W/O/W nanoemulsions were optimised for the dermal application of the antiviral drug aciclovir. The phase inversion temperature method was employed to prepare the formulations without the input of high pressure. During formulation design the ethoxylated surfactants were varied and if possible partly replaced by natural sugar surfactants. Multiple nanoemulsions with mean droplet sizes around 100 nm and polydispersity indices below 0.1 were prepared. At room temperature, they exhibited excellent physicochemical stability over an observation period of 6 months. Furthermore, cryo electron microscopy gave an insight into the microstructure of the multiple nanoemulsions. Moreover, the formulations' interaction with skin was analysed by ATR-FTIR. In Franz-type diffusion cell and tape stripping experiments aciclovir showed satisfying skin permeation from the novel nanoemulsions.     

经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床观察

目的探讨经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的疗效。方法我院采用经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折69例。结果术后随访不同时间其VAS评分较术前明显改善。术后疗效评价:治愈18例,显效30例,有效19例,无效2例。结论采用采用经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床疗效确切,值得临床推广应用。     

Quaternary structures of tumor suppressor p53 and a specific p53 DNA complex

The homotetrameric tumor suppressor p53 consists of folded core and tetramerization domains, linked and flanked by intrinsically disordered segments that impede structure analysis by x-ray crystallography and NMR. Here, we solved the quaternary structure of human p53 in solution by a combination of small-angle x-ray scattering, which defined its shape, and NMR, which identified the core domain interfaces and showed that the folded domains had the same structure in the intact protein as in fragments. We combined the solution data with electron microscopy on immobilized samples that provided medium resolution 3D maps. Ab initio and rigid body modeling of scattering data revealed an elongated cross-shaped structure with a pair of loosely coupled core domain dimers at the ends, which are accessible for binding to DNA and partner proteins. The core domains in that open conformation closed around a specific DNA response element to form a compact complex whose structure was independently determined by electron microscopy. The structure of the DNA complex is consistent with that of the complex of four separate core domains and response element fragments solved by x-ray crystallography and contacts identified by NMR. Electron microscopy on the conformationally mobile, unbound p53 selected a minor compact conformation, which resembled the closed conformation, from the ensemble of predominantly open conformations. A multipronged structural approach could be generally useful for the structural characterization of the rapidly growing number of multidomain proteins with intrinsically disordered regions.