Therapeutic endoscopy in hemorrhages from varicose veins of the esophagus in patients with portal hypertension

The article discusses 6-year experience in the treatment and prevention of esophageal hemorrhage by endoscopic sclerotherapy using 96% and 70% ethanol as the sclerosant. There were 99 patients under observation whose ages ranged from 27 to 70 years, 74 were admitted to the clinic with profuse hemorrhage. Sclerotherapy arrested the bleeding in 65 (90%) patients. Seven patients died from persisting bleeding, 5 from increasing hepatic insufficiency, and one patient from perforation of the esophagus and purulent mediastinitis. After discharge from the clinic 54 patients were kept under observation for periods of 6 to 20 months; 16 episodes of bleeding occurred in 13 of them. Repeated sclerotherapy proved effective in 10 patients, 3 patients died from continuing bleeding and hepatic insufficiency.     

Morphological substantiation of choice of the laser processing of residual cavity wall after hydatidectomy for pulmonary hydatid cyst

Morphological investigation of the pulmonary echinococcal cyst after applying the laser irradiation influence on it was done. The optimal way for performance of an adequate scolexo- and bactericidal treatment of fibrous capsule after the pulmonary hydatidectomy conduction is application of defocused to 5-10 mm irradiation of the CO2 and the Nd AIG-laser with 150-250 Wt/cm2 power density. In the cyst suppuration it is preferable to use Nd AIG-laser with increase of the exposition time in 3-4 times and of the energy absorbance up to 400-800 J/cm2. Local coagulation using irradiation of the Nd AIG-laser by the contact method with the 20 Wt power output (250-400 Wt/cm2 power density) is applied if bronchi, which are confided into residual cavity, have diameter up to 3 mm.     

Congenital cardiac anomalies with vein of Galen malformations in infants

Published reports and personal experience are reviewed relating to patients under 1 year of age diagnosed with a vein of Galen malformation and congenital heart disease. Including five patients from this institution, a total of 23 patients (12 neonates) with congenital heart disease and a vein of Galen malformation have been reported. Six of these had sinus venosus atrial septal defect and nine had aortic coarctation.     

Safety of a fat-reduced diet: the Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between energy intake from fat and anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary measures of nutritional adequacy and safety. DESIGN: Three-year longitudinal study of children participating in a randomized controlled trial; intervention and usual care group data pooled to assess effects of self-reported fat intake; longitudinal regression analyses of measurements at baseline, year 1, and year 3. PARTICIPANTS: Six hundred sixty-three children (362 boys and 301 girls), 8 to 10 years of age at baseline, with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, who are participants of the Dietary Intervention Study in Children. MEASURES: Energy intake from fat assessed from three 24-hour recalls at each time point was the independent variable. Outcomes were anthropometric measures (height, weight, body mass index, and sum of skinfolds), nutritional biochemical determinations (serum ferritin, zinc, retinol, albumin, beta-carotene, and vitamin E, red blood cell folate, and hemoglobin), and dietary micronutrients (vitamins A, C, E, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamins B-6, B-12, folate, calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium, and phosphorus). RESULTS: Lower fat intake was not related to anthropometric measures or serum zinc, retinol, albumin, beta-carotene, or vitamin E. Lower fat intake was related to: 1) higher levels of red blood cell folate and hemoglobin, with a trend toward higher serum ferritin; 2) higher intakes of folate, vitamin C, and vitamin A, with a trend toward higher iron intake; 3) lower intakes of calcium, zinc, magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin B-12, thiamin, niacin, and riboflavin; 4) increased risk of consuming less than two-thirds of the Recommended Dietary Allowances for calcium in girls at baseline, and zinc and vitamin E in boys and girls at all visits. CONCLUSIONS: Lower fat intakes during puberty are nutritionally adequate for growth and for maintenance of normal levels of nutritional biochemical measures, and are associated with beneficial effects on blood folate and hemoglobin. Although lower fat diets were related to lower self-reported intakes of several nutrients, no adverse effects were observed on blood biochemical measures of nutritional status. Current public health recommendations for moderately lower fat intakes in children during puberty may be followed safely.     

Diagnostics and treatment of varicocele as a symptom of renal venous hypertension

From the year 1997, we examined 61 patients with left-sided varicocele aged 9-28 years. Nine (14.7%) of them had a recurrence of the disease after intervention (Ivanissevich operation). The renal venous hemodynamics was evaluated in order to choose the right method of surgery. All patients underwent surgery, the results were positive. The operation of testicular vein was conducted together with excision of varicous scrotal veins.     

Expression of peanut agglutinin-binding mucin-type glycoprotein in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma as a marker

Background  

The TF (Thomson – Friedenreich) blood group antigen behaves as an onco-foetal carcinoma-associated antigen, showing increased expression in malignancies and its detection and quantification can be used in serologic diagnosis mainly in adenocarcinomas. This study was undertaken to analyze the sera and tissue level detectable mucin-type glycoprotein (TF-antigen) by Peanut agglutinin (PNA) and its diagnostic index in serum as well tissues of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma as marker.     

The use of fibrin glue in abdominal surgery

The data on use of fibrin glue (FG) in 215 patients operated on the abdominal organs, employing laser surgical techniques, are presented. In 132 patients, the complicated forms of gastric and duodenal ulcer disease, in 25--gastric cancer, in 24--colonic tumors, in 26--injuries to the liver were revealed. Considerable reduction in incidence of early postoperative complications as compared with that in patients operated on with the use of conventional techniques was noted.