Meckel''s Cave Tuberculoma with Unusual Infratemporal Extension

The authors describe a rare case of intracranial tuberculoma of the Meckel's cave and cavernous sinus with extension into the infratemporal fossa causing widening of the foramen ovale and adjacent bone destruction. The rarity of the lesion and the unusual extension of the lesion are presented with a brief review of literature.     

p53 overexpression as a marker of poor prognosis in mantle cell lymphomas with t(11;14)(q13;q32)

The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation, which juxtaposes the BCL1 oncogene with the Ig heavy chain locus, has been associated with an uncommon subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) termed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). To date, no molecular marker that serves as an indicator of tumor progression or clinical prognosis has been described for NHLs with this translocation. We examined a panel of NHLs with t(11;14) for overexpression of p53 and correlated the results with single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, karyotypic features, and clinical course. NHLs with t(11;14) were identified from 30 patients. The diagnosis was MCL for 23 of 30, small lymphocytic lymphoma for 4 of 30, and diffuse large-cell lymphoma for 3 of 30 cases. The results of immunohistochemistry analysis using a monoclonal anti-p53 antibody on paraffin-embedded specimens were compared with the SSCP data, the tumor karyotypes, and clinical course of each patient. DNA sequencing of exons was performed on cases that showed conformational changes by SSCP analysis. NHLs from 5 of 23 patients with MCL were positive for p53 overexpression. Deletions of chromosome 17p were identified in 2 of 30 cases, both of which were MCLs showing p53 overexpression. Two of the five MCLs with p53 overexpression showed evidence for TP53 mutations. None of the 18 MCLs negative for p53 overexpression showed conformational changes by SSCP. For these 18 patients with MCLs that did not overexpress p53, the median survival was 63 months, compared with 12 months for the 5 patients with MCLs positive for p53 overexpression (P < .001). These results suggest that p53 overexpression in MCL with t(11;14)(q13;q32) may serve as a marker of poor prognosis.     

Characteristics of laparoscopic interventions in the patients with calculous cholecystitis complicated with hepatic cirrhosis

Operative interventions in the patients suffering calculous cholecystitis on the hepatic cirrhosis background are accompanied by multiple complications. During ten year period laparoscopic cholecystectomy was conducted in the clinics in 138 patients suffering hepatic cirrhosis. In 12 patients, admitted to the hospital for obturation jaundice, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography and endoscopic papillotomy were primarily done. In 3-7 days after successful removal of calculi from the ducts the laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed. In 39 (28.3%) of patients complications had occurred, the most frequent of which was intraabdominal hemorrhage, as well as gastrointestinal bleeding from the varicosely changed esophageal veins in the early postoperative period--in 15 (10.8%). Two patients died as a consequence of postoperative hemorrhage occurring from varicosely changed esophageal veins, developed on the hepatocellular insufficiency background.     

Laparoscopic reoperations after gastric banding for alimentary--constitutional obesity

There were the literature data studied up and the results of own observations summarized about the patients after laparoscopic gastric banding and laparoscopic reoperations after gastric banding interventions in 72 persons, suffering obesity. Two procedures were used for gastric banding operation: in 1992-1999 yrs a "small" stomach was formed 50-100 ml in volume, the diameter of stenosed segment had constituted 10-11 mm, the ring was placed through the omental bursa; from 1999 yr--suprabursal placement of the bandage and formation of a "small" stomach 20-25 ml in volu me. In the immediate and late follow-up period the body mass was reducing adequately in up to 80% of the patients. The complications in the early postoperative period, demanding reoperation, had occurred in 4 (5.5%) of patients and in the late period--in 6 (8.3%). All of them laparoscopic reoperation was conducted. We consider, that in occurrence of early and late postoperative complications their correction is mandatory using laparoscopic technologies.     

NS11021, a novel opener of large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels,enhances erectile responses in rats

Background and purpose:

Large-conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels (BK_Ca), located on the arterial and corporal smooth muscle, are potential targets for treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). This study investigated whether NS11021 (1-(3,5-Bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-3-[4-bromo-2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl]-thiourea), a novel opener of BK_Ca channels, relaxes erectile tissue in vitro and enhances erectile responses in intact rats. The effects were compared with sildenafil, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5.

Experimental approach:

Patch clamp was used to record whole cell current in rat isolated corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Isometric tension was measured in intracavernous arterial rings and corpus cavernosum strips isolated from rats and men, and simultaneous measurements of intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) and tension were performed in intracavernous arteries. Erectile response was measured in anaesthetized rats.

Key results:

In patch clamp recordings, NS11021 increased currents sensitive to the selective BK_Ca channel blocker, iberiotoxin (IbTX) in SMCs, but did not modulate K⁺ current in HUVECs. NS11021 reduced [Ca²⁺]_i and tension in penile arteries. IbTX inhibited the vasorelaxation induced by NS11021 and sildenafil in human erectile tissue. NS11021 and sildenafil but not vehicle increased erectile responses in anaesthetized rats, an effect which was abolished after pretreatment with tetraethylammonium.

Conclusions and implications:

NS11021 leads to relaxation of both intracavernous arteries and corpus cavernosum strips primarily through opening of BK_Ca channels. It is also effective in facilitating erectile responses in anaesthetized rats. These results suggest a potential for use of BK_Ca openers in the treatment of ED.     

Assessment of risk of thromboembolism in patients undergoing surgery

The risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in 1146 patients who were underwent operated for the diseases of digestive organs, for obliterating atherosclerosis of abdominal aorta and peripheral arteries, diseases of bones and joints were studied. The methods of VTE prevention in these patients were studied. To evaluate the risk of VTE we designed the special chart. Three levels of risk of VTE: low, moderate and high were distinguished. The specific prophylaxis of the VTE using low molecular weight heparin fraxiparine was given to the patients moderate (90.7%) and high (93.3%) risk degree.     

Use of laser technique in the surgical treatment of peptic ulcer

The results of surgical treatment of 275 patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer disease with the use of the laser CO2-scalpel are analysed. The use of laser technique permits to improve the results of surgical interventions, and extends the possibilities for the performance of the organ-preserving operations.     

bcl～Xs基因转移联合顺氯氨铂对卵巢癌细胞生长作用的研究

目的 采用以复制缺陷型腺病毒为载体的ｂｃｌ－Ｘｓ基因（Ａｄｖ－ｂｃｌ－Ｘｓ）对卵巢癌细胞进行基因转移,同时使用顺氯氨铂,观察其对卵巢癌细胞生长的抑制作用,方法 用不同浓度的Ａｄｖ－ｂｃｌ－Ｘｓ感染卵巢癌细胞株ＮｕＴｕ－１９,同时使用顺氯氨铂,３ｄ后,用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色法检测存活细胞,并用流式细胞仪计数细胞周期百分比。结果 Ａｄｖ－ｂｃｌ－Ｘｓ对卵巢癌细胞生长的抑制作用随病毒浓度的增加而增大,至浓