他克林的合成研究

目的：合成抗早老性痴呆药他克林。方法：以邻氨基苯甲酸为原料,经缩合,氯化,氨化反应,制得他克林,结果：每步反庆均经改进,总收率达40．7％,所得产品熔点,IR,^1HNMR光谱数据,与文献报道值一致。结论：本工艺路线方法简单,原料易得,易工业化生产。     

腰椎间盘突出伴侧隐窝狭窄症的微创治疗破

0引言 腰椎间盘突出症伴侧隐窝狭窄症目前最有效的方法依然是椎间盘突出髓核摘除及神经根通道减压清理术. 如何减少创伤,保持脊柱稳定,尽快康复,以最少的并发症和最低的经济负担,获得优良的中远期疗效一直是脊柱外科的目标[1-3]. 2000-09/2004-03我院开展显微内窥镜椎间盘切除(MED)手术375例,其中120例有椎间盘突出伴侧隐窝狭窄,进行椎间盘摘除及神经根通道清理术. 现将随访到的98例作一短中期疗效的总结报道.     

四种萆薢类药材原植物叶表面扫描电镜观察

目的：通过扫描电镜观察叶表面特征鉴别绵萆Ｘｉｅ、粉萆Ｘｉｅ、龙草Ｘｉｅ等４种萆Ｘｉｅ类药材原植物。方法：取上述４种原植物叶用扫描电镜常规制片法制片,置扫描电镜中观察摄影。结果：上述４种原植物表面特征有明显差异。结论：用扫描电镜观察叶表面特征的方法可鉴别上述４种药材的原植物。     

Monoclonal antibodies against porcine platelet membrane glycoproteins Ib and IIb/IIIa

We prepared murine monoclonal antibodies to porcine platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ib and GP IIb/IIIa for further study of the porcine hemostatic mechanism. One monoclonal antibody, designated PP3-4C, blocked Ristocetin-induced platelet agglutination and caused 80% inhibition of Ristocetin-induced 125I-von Willebrand factor (vWF) binding to porcine platelets at a concentration of greater than or equal to 12 micrograms IgG/mL. PP3-4C did not affect adenosine diphosphate (ADP)- or collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Binding of 125I-Fab fragments of PP3-4C to platelets was saturable at 3.7 x 10(4) +/- 0.8 x 10(4) molecules per platelet. Another monoclonal antibody, designated PP3-3A, blocked ADP- or collagen-induced platelet aggregation at 6 micrograms IgG/mL. At a concentration of 10 micrograms IgG/mL, PP3-3A completely inhibited binding either of 125I-fibrinogen or of 125I-vWF to ADP-stimulated platelets. PP3-3A did not affect Ristocetin-induced platelet agglutination nor 125I-vWF binding to platelets in the presence of Ristocetin. Binding of 125I-Fab' fragments of PP3-3A to platelets was saturable at 9.8 x 10(4) +/- 1.2 x 10(4) molecules per platelet. PP3-4C antibody (anti-GP Ib) did not bind to human platelets; however, PP3-3A antibody (anti-GP IIb-IIIa) had partial cross-reactivity with human platelets. Immunoaffinity chromatography of solubilized surface-radiolabeled porcine platelets and subsequent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that PP3-4C recognized a GP with an apparent molecular weight of 160,000 (nonreduced), and 140,000 (reduced). PP3-3A recognized GPs with apparent molecular weights of 130,000 and 80,000 (nonreduced), and 115,000 and 95,000 (reduced). These monoclonal antibodies to porcine platelet membrane GPs, which are structural and functional analogues of human GP Ib and GP IIb/IIIa, will be useful for in vitro and in vivo studies of the mammalian hemostatic mechanism.     

Posner-Schlossman syndrome induced laser in situ keratomileusis keratectasia–a case report

Letter to the editor     

Aplastic anemia with fetallike erythropoiesis following androgen therapy

A 43/4-yr-old black girl with acquired aplastic anemia had an increase in total hemoglobin (Hb) from 4.5 to 16.8 g/dl and fetal hemoglobin (HbF) from 0.8 g/dl (18.8%) to 9.6 g/dl (60.2%) following combined androgen-adrenal steroid therapy. Discontinuation of the drugs was followed by a decline in both HbF and total Hb. Reinstitution of the combined steroids prompted a second rise in total and fetal hemoglobin. During these responses the subject's erythrocytes exhibited an increased i antigen score and a low level of red cell carbonic anhydrase. The glycine:alanine ratio at position 136 of the gamma chains of HbF was of the fetal type (proportion of chains with glycine residues, 0.74). Hemoglobin A2 was low (0.4%). The synthesis of alpha and non-alpha chains was balanced. These results indicate that the stimulation of red cell proliferation in this subject, in response to androgen therapy, resulted in the production of cells with several characteristics of "fetal" erythrocytes.     

Esophageal cancer staging by CT: long-term follow-up study

To evaluate the utility of computed tomographic (CT) staging in patients with esophageal cancer, the length of patient survival was compared with pretherapy CT findings in 89 patients. Regardless of therapy, patients with evidence of mediastinal invasion, liver metastases, or abdominal adenopathy had a statistically shortened survival (P less than .05). Specific CT criteria that predicted a shortened survival included evidence of tracheal, aortic, or pericardial invasion. Patients with evidence of both mediastinal invasion and abdominal metastases had a mean survival of 180.4 days; those with no evidence, 479.6 days. The presence of enlarged upper abdominal lymph nodes indicated the worst prognosis (mean survival, 90 days). The patients with squamous cell tumors were classified by the CT staging system, and survival data were compared according to surgical procedure. Patients who underwent attempted curative surgery did not have a statistically significant difference in survival by analysis of survival curves but demonstrated a longer mean survival than those who underwent palliative or no surgery.     

Comparison of human and chimpanzee Kell blood group systems

Kell antigens on chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) red cells were determined using specific human alloimmune and murine monoclonal antibodies. After avoidance of interspecies reactions, chimpanzee red cells were found to react with most Kell system antibodies. The chimpanzees had phenotypes similar to those of humans. The main difference was that all of 27 chimpanzee red cell samples tested were of the K:6, -7, phenotype, while in humans most are K:-6, 7. The most common chimpanzee Kell blood group phenotype was K:-1,2,-3,4,5,6,-7,11,12,13,14, 15,18,19,22. Murine monoclonal anti-K2 and -K14 immunoprecipitated a 97-kD protein from chimpanzee red cells and a 93-kD protein from human red cells. Enzymatic deglycosylation yielded proteins of about 79 kD for humans and 77 kD for chimpanzees. Both human and chimpanzee Kell proteins reacted equally well on Western blots with polyclonal rabbit antibody to human Kell protein, which indicated close homology.