Fehlstellungen der Hüfte

Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde - Fehlstellungen der Hüfte sind bei Kindern und Jugendlichen gut an einem hinkenden Gang, an der Rumpfasymmetrie im Stand sowie an einem seitendifferenten aktiven...     

Emerging wearable technology applications in gastroenterology: A review of the literature

The field of gastroenterology has recently seen a surge in wearable technology to monitor physical activity, sleep quality, pain, and even gut activity. The past decade has seen the emergence of wearable devices including Fitbit, Apple Watch, AbStats, and ingestible sensors. In this review, we discuss current and future devices designed to measure sweat biomarkers, steps taken, sleep efficiency, gastric electrical activity, stomach pH, and intestinal contents. We also summarize several clinical studies to better understand wearable devices so that we may assess their potential benefit in improving healthcare while also weighing the challenges that must be addressed.     

核因子κΒ血管增殖性疾病的中枢性信号分子

目的：综合分析核因子κΒ在血管增殖性疾病中的作用。 资料来源：应用计算机检索highwire1995—01／2004—12有关核因子κΒ对血管增殖性疾病影响的文献，检索词“nudear factor-Kappa B，vascular smooth muscle cell, proliferation, signal pathway”，并限定文章语言种类为English。 资料选择：对检索到的有关核因子κΒ对血管增殖性疾病影响方面的信息进行整理，选取针对性强的文章。同一领域的文献则选择近期发表或权威杂志的文章。 资料提炼：从检索到的203篇文献中初选符合要求的相关文献43篇。经过仔细研读，选择其中15篇文章作为参考。 资料综合：核因子κΒ或单独或与其他细胞因子协同作用．经过特定的信号转导途径，既可直接促进血管平滑肌细胞增殖也可通过抑制细胞凋亡而间接促进血管平滑肌细胞的增殖。选用能作用于核因子κΒ信号转导通路各个环节的抑制剂设法阻断导致核因子κΒ激活相关因子的表达，已经成为防治血管增殖性疾病的重要手段之一。 结论：核因子κΒ的激活确可通过不同途径促进血管增殖性疾病的发生，所以，如何适度有效地抑制核因子κΒ的激活将成为防治血管增殖性疾病面临的关键问题。     

Serum hepatitis B surface antigen correlates with fibrosis and necroinflammation: A multicentre perspective in China

The kinetics of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) during the natural history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been studied, but the factors affecting them remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the factors affecting HBsAg titres, using data from multicentre, large‐sized clinical trials in China. The baseline data of 1795 patients in 3 multicentre trials were studied, and the patients were classified into 3 groups: hepatitis B early antigen (HBeAg)‐positive chronic HBV infection (n = 588), HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B (n = 596), and HBeAg‐negative chronic hepatitis B (n = 611). HBsAg titres in the different phases were compared, and multiple linear progression analyses were performed to investigate the implicated factors. HBsAg titres varied significantly in different phases (P = .000), with the highest (4.60 log10 IU/mL [10%‐90% confidence interval: 3.52 log10 IU/mL‐4.99 log10 IU/mL]) in patients with HBeAg‐positive chronic HBV infection. In all phases, age and HBV DNA were correlated with serum HBsAg level. In HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients, a negative correlation between HBsAg titres and fibrosis stage was observed. Alanine amonitransferase or necroinflammatory activity was also correlated with HBsAg titres in HBeAg‐negative chronic hepatitis B patients. In conclusion, decreased HBsAg titres may be associated with advancing fibrosis in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients or increased necroinflammation in those with HBeAg‐negative chronic hepatitis B. Our findings may help clinicians better understand the kinetics of HBsAg and provide useful insights into the management of this disease.