全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4889篇 |
免费 | 262篇 |
国内免费 | 64篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 23篇 |
儿科学 | 84篇 |
妇产科学 | 78篇 |
基础医学 | 407篇 |
口腔科学 | 179篇 |
临床医学 | 374篇 |
内科学 | 1440篇 |
皮肤病学 | 99篇 |
神经病学 | 334篇 |
特种医学 | 151篇 |
外科学 | 1068篇 |
综合类 | 12篇 |
预防医学 | 177篇 |
眼科学 | 138篇 |
药学 | 244篇 |
中国医学 | 11篇 |
肿瘤学 | 396篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 11篇 |
2023年 | 50篇 |
2022年 | 116篇 |
2021年 | 221篇 |
2020年 | 113篇 |
2019年 | 154篇 |
2018年 | 188篇 |
2017年 | 132篇 |
2016年 | 146篇 |
2015年 | 193篇 |
2014年 | 243篇 |
2013年 | 262篇 |
2012年 | 384篇 |
2011年 | 392篇 |
2010年 | 223篇 |
2009年 | 210篇 |
2008年 | 347篇 |
2007年 | 350篇 |
2006年 | 289篇 |
2005年 | 274篇 |
2004年 | 236篇 |
2003年 | 188篇 |
2002年 | 158篇 |
2001年 | 40篇 |
2000年 | 33篇 |
1999年 | 24篇 |
1998年 | 29篇 |
1997年 | 26篇 |
1996年 | 22篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 18篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 23篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有5215条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
92.
93.
94.
Giovanni Landoni Tiziana Bove Andrea Székely Marco Comis Reitze N. Rodseth Daniela Pasero Martin Ponschab Marta Mucchetti Maria L. Azzolini Fabio Caramelli Gianluca Paternoster Giovanni Pala Luca Cabrini Daniele Amitrano Giovanni Borghi Antonella Capasso Claudia Cariello Anna Carpanese Rinaldo Bellomo 《Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia》2013,27(6):1384-1398
95.
Raffaele Serra MD PhD Gianluca Buffone MD Daniela Falcone PhD Vincenzo Molinari MD Monica Scaramuzzino MSc Luca Gallelli MD PhD Stefano de Franciscis MD 《Wound repair and regeneration》2013,21(3):395-401
Venous ulcers are related to dysfunctions in extracellular matrix. Both matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL) could play a role in the healing process in patients with chronic venous ulcers. We evaluated the role of MMP‐9 and NGAL in the healing process in venous ulceration. We performed an open‐label, parallel groups, single clinical center study. Patients with chronic venous leg ulcers represented the test group (Group I), whereas patients without chronic ulcers represented the control group (Group II). In Group I plasma and wound fluid samples were collected at the time of admission, at the time of the surgery, and at the follow‐up, while ulcer tissues were taken at the time of the surgery. In Group II, plasma and wound fluid were collected at admission and at the time of the surgery, whereas skin tissues were collected at the time of the surgery. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay test was used to evaluate the levels of MMP‐9 and NGAL in plasma and wound fluid, whereas Western blot analysis was performed to estimate the expression of MMP‐9 and NGAL in tissues. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay tests revealed significantly higher levels of MMP‐9 and NGAL in both plasma and wound fluid of patients with ulcers compared to patients without ulcers (p < 0.01). Moreover, Western blot analysis documented an increased expression of MMP‐9 and NGAL in biopsy tissue of patients with ulcers compared to patients without ulcers (p < 0.01). In conclusion MMP‐9 and NGAL may correlate with the clinical course of venous ulcers. 相似文献
96.
Background contextNumerous cases of injury to major abdominal vessels during the excision of a lumbar herniated disc have been reported, but no cases of injury during interbody fusion by a posterior approach have been described.PurposeTo report on an injury to common iliac vessels during a posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and discuss the causes and possible preventive measures.Study designA unique case report and a review of the literature.MethodsThe hospital chart and autopsy report of a single patient were analyzed.ResultsA 52-year-old woman with L4–L5 disc degeneration underwent PLIF. During scraping of the vertebral end plates, there was a sudden increase in blood flow from the disc space, however not copious, with no changes of vital parameters. When the patient was placed supine, severe hypotension and abdominal distension led to strongly suspect a lesion to abdominal vessels. At laparotomy, carried out by a vascular surgeon, a vast retroperitoneal hematoma was evacuated and the vascular lesions were repaired. Postoperatively, the patient continued to lose blood from the abdominal drains and after 4 hours, she was reoperated by another vascular surgeon, who found a diffuse hemorrhage from the small vessels in the surgical field. Soon after the surgery the patient died.ConclusionsThe lesions were produced by a shaver used for scraping the vertebral end plates. The absence of abundant bleeding from the disc space was possibly because of the compression of the iliac vessels by the pads of the frame on which the patient was lying. The causes of the lesions and possible prevention of similar injuries are analyzed. 相似文献
97.
Nicolò Scuderi Carmine Alfano Guido Paolini Cinzia Marchese Gianluca Scuderi 《Journal of plastic surgery and hand surgery》2013,47(6):340-348
Ocular surface disorders are often characterised by partial or complete loss of corneo-conjunctival epithelium, which causes dramatic functional and cosmetic problems. Depletion of stem cells and the scarcity of donor tissue available make large or bilateral defects challenging to reconstruct, and usually require the transplantation of heterotopic or allogeneic grafts. We investigated the feasibility of restoring severely damaged ocular surfaces with autologous cultivated conjunctival epithelium. Conjunctival cells were harvested from the healthy eyelid bed of four patients with oculopalpebral diseases. An epithelial sheet reproducing the original conjunctival epithelium was generated by serial cell culture. This was transplanted for the first time ever to our knowledge on to the ocular surface of the same patients. Take was excellent and the cultivated epithelium was stable, resulting in great improvement of patient's symptoms and cosmesis. Transplantation of cultivated conjunctival cells opens new perspectives in the treatment of severe ocular surface disorders. 相似文献
98.
Giuseppe Pietro Mingolla Oscar Potì Giuseppe Carbotta Claudio Marra Gianluca Borgia Donato De Giorgi 《International journal of surgery case reports》2013,4(12):1088-1090
INTRODUCTIONGiant anal condyloma also called Buschke–Löwenstein tumor is a rare sexually transmitted disease involving anogenital region with potential malignant degeneration into invasive squamous carcinoma. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice and often wide wounds are necessary to reach clear margins and prevent recurrence.PRESENTATION OF CASEThe authors present two cases treated with an S-plasty rotating and a bilateral house advancement flap respectively with good functional result.DISCUSSIONGiant anal condyloma also called Buschke–Löwenstein tumor is a large exophytic, cauliflower-like mass that is characterized by local aggressive behavior. Immunosuppression favors rapid growth of the condylomas and increases the risk of their malignant transformation. In limited lesions primary excision can be safely performed leaving wounds open to granulate while in more extensive lesions flap or skin graft coverage is preferable to decrease the length of recovery and minimize risk of severe anal stricture. Abdominoperineal resection should be performed for more extensive lesions with deep invasion, malignant transformation or tumor recurrence.CONCLUSIONGiant anal condyloma also called Buschke–Löwenstein is a rare pathology with mainly sporadic single center experience reported in literature. Surgical complete excision remains the best treatment although elevate should be eventual recurrence. No sufficient data are available to recommend any medical treatment such as interferon, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. 相似文献
99.
Gianluca Marucci Marco Giulioni Guido Rubboli Michela Paradisi Mercedes Fernández Giovanna Del Vecchio Eugenio Pozzati 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2013
Objective
The relationship between hippocampal histopathological abnormalities, epileptogenesis and neurogenesis remains rather unclear.Methods
Tissue samples including the subgranular zone of dentate gyrus (DG) were freshly collected for tissue culture for neurospheres generation in 16 patients who underwent surgery for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy. Remaining tissues were histologically examined to assess the presence of mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) and focal cortical dysplasia.Results
MTS was detected in 8 cases. Neurospheres were formed in 10/16 cases. Only three out of these 10 cases exhibited MTS; on the contrary 5/6 cases lacking neurosphere proliferation presented MTS. There was a significant correlation between presence of MTS and absence of proliferation (p = 0.0389). We also observed a correlation between history of febrile seizures (FS) and presence of MTS (p = 0.0004) and among the 6 cases lacking neurosphere proliferation, 4 cases (66.6%) had experienced prolonged FS. Among “proliferating” cases the percentage of granular cells pathology (GCP) was lower (20% vs 50%) compared to “non proliferating” cases.Conclusion
A decreased potential to generate neurosphere from the SGZ is related to MTS and to alterations of dentate gyrus granule cells, especially in MTS type 1b and GCP type 1. These histological findings may have different prognostic implications, regarding seizure and neuropsychological outcome, compared to patients with other epileptogenic lesions (such as FCD, glioneuronal tumours, vascular lesions). 相似文献100.
Gianluca Esposito Jun Nakazawa Paola Venuti Marc H. Bornstein 《Research in developmental disabilities》2013,34(9):2717-2724
Understanding early episodes of cry is essential to improve caregiver–child interaction and child well-being. Caregiver perceptions of cry are based on interpretations of different acoustic characteristics of the cry, including the length of the pauses, the number of utterances, and the fundamental frequency. In this study, we used tree-based models to establish a hierarchy of effect in terms of how these acoustic characteristics influence perceptions of cries of children with autism compared to cries of typically developing children. In two studies, one in Italy and the other in Japan, we found that cries of children with autism are perceived more negatively. We also found that the length of the pauses, more than the number of utterances or fundamental frequency, determines listeners’ negative perceptions. Implications for early caregiver–child interactions are discussed. 相似文献