Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dermatologischer Forschung (ADF) in cooperation with “Deutsche Dermatologische Gesellschaft” (DDG) XVI. Annual Meeting,November 25–27, 1988, Köln,Federal Republic of Germany

Archives of Dermatological Research -     

Occupational exposure to radio frequency/microwave radiation and the risk of brain tumors: Interphone Study Group, Germany

It is still under debate whether occupational exposure to radio frequency/microwave electromagnetic fields (RF/MW-EMF) contributes to the development of brain tumors. This analysis examined the role of occupational RF/MW-EMF exposure in the risk of glioma and meningioma. A population-based, case-control study including 381 meningioma cases, 366 glioma cases, and 1,494 controls aged 30-69 years was performed in three German regions in 2000-2003. An exposure matrix for occupational activity was constructed by using information on RF/MW-EMF exposure collected in a computer-assisted personal interview. "High" exposure was defined as an occupational exposure that may exceed the RF/MW-EMF exposure limits for the general public recommended by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. Multiple conditional logistic regressions were performed separately for glioma and meningioma. No significant association between occupational exposure to RF/MW-EMF and brain tumors was found. For glioma, the adjusted odds ratio for highly exposed persons compared with persons not highly exposed was 1.21 (95% confidence interval: 0.69, 2.13); for meningioma, it was 1.34 (95% confidence interval: 0.64, 2.81). However, the slight increase in risk observed with increasing duration of exposure merits further research with larger sample sizes.     

Position statement of the National Nursing Assessment Group of Germany: regarding the basic "nutrition and fluid requirements" policy of the elderly by the MDS (Medical Service of the Central Associations of the Health Insurance Companies), July 2003

Assessing the nutritional state of old and dependent people demands a distinctive consideration of all aspects which might influence the individual's nutritional habits. An isolated consideration of the body mass index (BMI) does not serve the needs of elderly, because the BMI seems not to be a valid indicator for their nutrtional state. In order to prove the risk of malnutrition, also the individual life conditions as well as social, religious, cultural and economic circumstances besides the amount of energy and nu triments are to be taken into account.     

血管内超声评价冠心病患者冠状动脉支架功能

目的应用IVUS显像评价MultiLink支架植入后6个月追踪结果和对比MultiLink新、旧设计类型支架植入后的变化。方法75例植入MultiLink(GaidantCorporation)支架后6个月IVUS进行检查。在支架植入前,之后立即和6个月均进行冠状动脉造影。患者分成两组第一代MultiLink支架40例;第二代MultiLink支架35例。结果第二代MultiLink支架最小内膜面积大于第一代MultiLink支架(P＝0.0053)。平均最小内膜直径两组具有明显差别,(2.17±0.33)mm与(2.37±0.28)mm,P＝0.011。第二代MultiLink支架区新生内膜增殖面积和最大内膜增殖厚度均比第一代MultiLink支架小。第一代MultiLink支架具有较高的斑块面积百分数。结论新的设计类型MultiLink支架在决定支架再狭窄主要因素最小内膜直径和内膜面积方面获得了显著改善。     

心脏MR T_2WI对心肌淀粉样变性的预后评价

目的本研究旨在探讨心脏MR成像诊断心肌淀粉样变性的价值及其预测性指标。方法 36例心肌淀粉样变性病人和48例健康志愿者行1.5TMR检查。扫描方案包括电     

Cytokine expression in the colonic mucosa of human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals before and during 9 months of antiretroviral therapy

High-level human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication and the rapid breakdown of the mucosal immune system are the hallmarks of HIV infection in the gut. Cytokine dysregulation may be related to both phenomena. Using real-time PCR we quantified the colonic mucosal mRNA expression of selected proinflammatory and regulatory (gamma interferon [IFN-gamma], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], and interleukin-2 [IL-2], IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10) and HIV-inhibitory (IL-16, CCL3, and CCL5) cytokines for 10 HIV-infected patients before and during 9 months of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). HIV RNA and T-cell dynamics were measured in the colonic mucosa and the blood. Seven HIV-negative individuals served as controls. The mucosal mRNA expression of TNF-α, IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 was significantly higher in HIV-infected patients than in control patients and remained elevated during 9 months of HAART despite the decline in blood and mucosal HIV RNA levels and an increase in the level of CD4⁺ T lymphocytes. The mRNA levels of CCL3 and CCL5, both of which were elevated before treatment, returned to nearly normal during therapy. Despite reductions in levels of mucosal HIV RNA and the restoration of mucosal CD4⁺ T lymphocytes, antiretroviral therapy failed to restore the normal colonic immunologic environment.     

Time trends in prostate cancer surgery: data from an Internet-based multicentre database

Study Type – Therapy (individual cohort) Level of Evidence 2b What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Treatment recommendations such as interdisciplinary guidelines are always based on scientific publications. However, high‐quality studies are very often focused on single‐centre series of selected cases. Health care research has failed to provide comprehensive information that describes the clinical reality of prostate cancer management even in smaller centres. This is a health care research study with 17 participating centres. Any prostate cancer centre can use the internet‐based database http://prostata‐ca.net , at no additional cost, to collect and analyze data for quality management, to conduct consecutive follow‐up assessments, and to compare their data with the averages recorded by all other centres. The database also enables time trend analysis of certain quality parameters in an annual comparison.

OBJECTIVES

? To report our experience with an Internet‐based multicentre database that enables tumour documentation, as well as the collection of quality‐related parameters and follow‐up data, in surgically treated patients with prostate cancer. ? The system was used to assess the quality of prostate cancer surgery and to analyze possible time‐dependent trends in the quality of care.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

? An Internet‐based database system enabled a standardized collection of treatment data and clinical findings from the participating urological centres for the years 2005–2009. ? An analysis was performed aiming to evaluate relevant patient characteristics (age, pathological tumour stage, preoperative International Index of Erectile Function‐5 score), intra‐operative parameters (operating time, percentage of nerve‐sparing operations, complication rate, transfusion rate, number of resected lymph nodes) and postoperative parameters (hospitalization time, re‐operation rate, catheter indwelling time). ? Mean values were calculated and compared for each annual cohort from 2005 to 2008. The overall survival rate was also calculated for a subgroup of the Berlin patients.

RESULTS

? A total of 914, 1120, 1434 and 1750 patients submitted to radical prostatectomy in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 were documented in the database. ? The mean age at the time of surgery remained constant (66 years) during the study period. ? More than half the patients already had erectile dysfunction before surgery (median International Index of Erectile Function‐5 score of 19–20). ? During the observation period, there was a decrease in the percentage of pT2 tumours (1% in 2005; 64% in 2008) and a slight increase in the percentage of patients with lymph node metastases (8% in 2005; 10% in 2008). No time trend was found for the operating time (142–155 min) or the percentage of nerve‐sparing operations (72–78% in patients without erectile dysfunction). ? A decreasing frequency was observed for the parameters: blood transfusions (1.9% in 2005; 0.5% in 2008), postoperative bleeding (2.6%; 1.2%) and re‐operations (4.5%; 2.8%). The mean hospitalization time decreased accordingly (10 days in 2005; 8 days in 2008). The examined subcohort had an overall mortality of 1.5% (median follow‐up of 3 years).

CONCLUSIONS

? An Internet‐based database system for tumour documentation in patients with prostate cancer enables the collection and assessment of important parameters for the quality of care and outcomes. ? The participating centres show an improvement in the quality of surgical management, including a reduction of the complication rate.     

己烷在Pt(或Pd)/η-Al_2O_3(或HM)催化剂上的转化机理

采用微型脉冲催化反应技术,在250—450℃和0.3 MPa的条件下,以η-Al_2O_3、HM、0.5wt% Pt/η-Al_2O_3、0.5wt% Pt/HM、0.05wt% Pd/HM、0.5wt% Pd/HM和3.5wt% Pd/HM等为催化剂,研究了已烷异构体转化的反应机理。同时,还研究了C_6烷烃在Pd/HM上的异构化反应中的温度影响以及Pt/Al_2O_3的失活特性。C_6烷烃转化的脉冲量关系和产物分布表明,在HM上的加氢裂化是双分子反应,而在氢压不变的条件下,异构化反应是单分子反应。此外,对异构化反应中生成2,2-二甲基丁烷来说,Pd/HM比Pt/HM的选择性要高。