Ueber Bau,Entwicklung und Eintheilung der Nierengeschwülste

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Production of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase in the presence of thymidine analogues

Treatment of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infected Vero, BHK, BHKtk- and LMtk- cells with 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (AIdUrd) caused increased synthesis of ICP36 and an increase in HSV-1 thymidine kinase (tk) activity at late times of infection. The overproduced ICP36 was identified as the HSV-1 encoded tk protein by immunoprecipitation. Whereas the thymidine analogue 5'-amino-5'-deoxythymidine (AdThd) caused an increase in HSV-1 tk synthesis and activity in wild type Vero and BHK cells, 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IdUrd) caused a similar increase only in tk- cells (LMtk-, BHKtk-). In vivo and in vitro stabilization studies using a [35S]methionine pulse-chase experiment or heat inactivation studies with purified HSV-1 tk revealed that stabilization of tk by the analogues could not account for the extent of the observed increase. Since overproduction of tk is observed only at late times of infection, it is suggested that the presence of these thymidine analogues in either the viral DNA or the cellular nucleotide pools is responsible for the observed differential effects.     

Einfluss der Retention auf die Mineralisationsgeschwindigkeit dritter Molaren

Third molars are of special interest concerning legally relevant age groups in forensic age estimation by means of examination of dental mineralization. This study investigated the influence of wisdom tooth impaction on the mineralization rate. A total of 1,198 orthopantomograms from 629 female and 569 male German individuals (age range 15-40 years) were examined. After assessing the dental mineralization of the third molar in cases with stage H according to Demirjian, wisdom tooth impaction was determined. Females with complete wisdom tooth impaction were 0.7-4.0 years older than those females with incomplete wisdom tooth impaction, in the male group the age difference was 1.6-2.6 years, the lower level for stage H according to Demirjian was between 18 and 20 years in both genders. It was concluded that in German individuals with stage H according to Demirjian it is most likely that these persons have reached a minimum age of 18 years.     

Temporal arteritis

Abstract

Objective: To assess rates of diagnosis and antihyperglycemic dose adjustment in patients with moderate to end-stage renal impairment (RI) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Retrospective database analysis using GE Centricity Outpatient Electronic Medical Records. Patients aged ≥ 18 years with evidence of T2DM (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition, Clinical Modification codes 250.x0 and 250.x2) between January 1, 2000 and June 30, 2009, and ≥ 12 months of data after identification were selected. Moderate to end-stage RI was evaluated using a formula-derived estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on serum creatinine (SCr). Patients were classified as moderate (eGFR, 30–59 mL/min/1.73 m²), severe (eGFR, 15–29 mL/min/1.73 m²), or end-stage (eGFR, < 15 mL/min/1.73 m²), per the National Kidney Foundation guidelines, based on the first-observed SCr test. Among patients with a physician diagnosis, the time to diagnosis was reported. Dose adjustment was reported for patients receiving metformin and sitagliptin. Predictors of progression to end-stage RI based on logistic regressions were examined. Results: 35.2% of patients with T2DM had evidence of moderate to end-stage RI. Of these patients, 20% had a chart-documented physician diagnosis (range, 16% [moderate RI] to 66% [end-stage RI]). Patients with moderate or severe RI had a physician diagnosis mean of 253.4 (standard deviation [SD], 584.5) and 86.9 (SD, 417.4) days, respectively, after the eGFR calculation indicating RI. Patients with end-stage RI had a physician diagnosis mean of 83.6 (SD, 399.2) days before the eGFR calculation. After the eGFR calculation, 15.1% and 0.1% of patients with orders for sitagliptin and metformin, respectively, received doses of the drug appropriate for their degree of RI. Among patients with moderate or severe RI, appropriate diagnosis of RI was associated with significantly lower odds of progressing to end-stage RI (odds ratio, 0.200; 95% confidence interval, 0.188–0.213). Conclusions: Renal impairment is common but often undetected in patients with T2DM. Patients with a documented RI diagnosis have lower odds of progression to end-stage RI. Metformin and sitagliptin are frequently used at inappropriate doses in patients with RI. Further analyses to understand the clinical and economic consequences of these findings are needed.     

Disability,coping and quality of life in individuals with muscular dystrophy: a prospective study over five years

Purpose : The present study investigates progressive muscular dystrophy over a five year period. The purpose is twofold: to describe changes over time and to investigate relations between disability, coping and quality of life. Method : The study group comprised 45 adults (16 men and 29 women), with an average age of 44 years. All were assessed in 1991 and 1996, with the following instruments: the ADL staircase, the Self-report ADL, the Mental Adjustment to Cancer scale, the Sickness Impact Profile and the Psychosocial well-being questionnaire (Kaasa). Results : Increasing disability was accompanied by an increase in dependence on others and a significant deterioration of health-related quality of life and with regard to 'Satisfaction'. The predominant type of coping was 'Fighting spirit', whilst 'Fatalism' showed the greatest decline over time. 'Ambulation' and the ADL staircase correlated with 'Physical index' on the SIP. Correlations between disability, coping and quality of life were moderate. The results can serve as a basis for planning and evaluation of recurring rehabilitation for persons with MD.