Similar motion of a hand-held object may trigger nonsimilar grip force adjustments.

The tight coupling between load (L) and grip (G) forces during voluntary manipulation of a hand-held object is well established. The current study is to examine grip-load force coupling when motion of the hand with an object was either self-generated (voluntary) or externally generated. Subjects performed similar cyclic movements of different loads at various frequencies with three types of manipulations: 1) voluntary oscillation, 2) oscillating the right arm via the pulley system by the left leg (self-driven oscillation), and 3) oscillating the arm via the pulley system by another person (other-driven oscillation). During the self-generated movements: 1) the grip forces were larger and 2) grip-load force modulation was more pronounced than in the externally generated movements. The G-L adjustments are not completely determined by the mechanics of object motion; nonmechanical factors related to movement performance, for instance perceptual factors, may affect the G-L coupling.     

放射性125I粒子组织间植入或联合放化疗治疗复发直肠癌

目的探讨超声或CT引导下放射性125I粒子组织间植入治疗复发直肠癌的技术可行性、近期疗效和副反应.方法 15例直肠癌术后盆腔复发患者,女4例,男11例.硬膜外麻醉,2例经阴道超声引导,13例CT引导,行放射性125I粒子植入术.肿瘤匹配周边剂量为90～110 Gy,每颗粒子活度为0.50～0.70 mCi,植入33～70颗.术后24～48 h拍胸、盆腔X线片了解粒子是否发生移位.术后6例加三维适形放疗,4～6野/次,200～300 cGy/次,5次/周,总剂量为4 500～5 000 cGy,间隔4周.2例粒子治疗后加草酸铂、5-氟尿嘧啶和四氢叶酸化疗1个周期,随访3～15个月,根据CT扫描结果判断肿瘤大小. 结果术后平均7天疼痛缓解,其中12例完全缓解,2例部分缓解,1例无变化,有效率93%(14/15).9例肿瘤完全缓解,2例部分缓解,4例局部进展,局部控制率73%(11/15).2例术后6个月和12个月时死于肺转移.1例1颗粒子移位至盆壁,随访12个月无症状.无治疗相关并发症和副作用发生. 结论经超声或CT引导放射性125I粒子植入治疗复发直肠癌具有安全、微创、并发症发生率低和疗效肯定等优势,粒子治疗后应配合外放疗和全身化疗,有望进一步提高疗效.     

实验性隐睾术后大鼠附睾的反应性变化

本研究描述了实验性隐睾术后大鼠附睾的形态学变化。结果表明,隐睾术后由于腹温作用和附皋管管腔内容物的改变,附睾管上皮细胞的形态和功能明显改变。术后早期上皮细胞出现无丝分裂相,上皮细胞的分泌和吞噬功能加强,胞质内含PAS阳性颗粒的细胞增多。随术后时间的延长,附睾上皮细胞变化逐渐趋于稳定。[     

乳管镜对乳腺导管内疾病的诊断及介入治疗--附100例临床分析

目的:探讨乳管镜在乳腺疾病诊断和治疗中的作用.方法:应用乳腺纤维导管内视镜对100例伴乳头溢液的乳腺导管性疾病进行诊断或介入治疗.结果:13例导管内占位性疾病得到了正确诊断,87例渗出性导管病经治疗后治愈.结论:乳管镜对乳管内病变的正确诊断及手术方式可提供依据,并可对渗出性病变进行介入治疗.     

首例中国可视化人体心脏三维重建及临床意义

目的 对首例中国数字化可视人体的心脏进行三维重建，为心脏疾病的影像学诊断和外科手术提供三维解剖学依据。方法 将首例中国数字化可视人体心脏部分的薄层断面(层厚1．0mm)输入SGI工作站，经数据分割、对位重建、平滑处理和三维显示等步骤，完成对心脏结构的三维重建。结果 本研究完整地重建出了心脏结构，重建的结构能够以多结构、多彩色实体模型方式显示，可显示心脏内部各结构的空间位置和毗邻关系，可在三维空间伴置上绕任意轴旋转任意角度。结论 重建出的三维图像清晰地显示了心脏内部和整体的结构，实现了心脏的二维可视化。     

Angiopoietin1/Tie2 and VEGF/Flk1 induced by MSC treatment amplifies angiogenesis and vascular stabilization after stroke.

Bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) increase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and promote angiogenesis after stroke. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) and its receptor Tie2 mediate vascular integrity and angiogenesis as does VEGF and its receptors. In this study, we tested whether MSC treatment of stroke increases Ang1/Tie2 expression, and whether Ang1/Tie2 with VEGF/ vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) (Flk1), in combination, induced by MSCs enhances angiogenesis and vascular integrity. Male Wistar rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and treated with or without MSCs. Marrow stromal cell treatment significantly decreased blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage and increased Ang1, Tie2, and occludin (a tight junction protein) expression in the ischemic border compared with MCAo control. To further test the mechanisms of MSC-induced angiogenesis and vascular stabilization, cocultures of MSCs with mouse brain endothelial cells (MBECs) or astrocytes were performed. Supernatant derived from MSCs cocultured with MBECs significantly increased MBEC expression of Ang1/Tie2 and Flk1 compared with MBEC alone. Marrow stromal cells cocultured with astrocytes also significantly increased astrocyte VEGF and Ang1/Tie2 expression compared with astrocyte culture alone. Conditioned media from MSCs alone, and media from cocultures of MSCs with astrocytes or MBECs, all significantly increased capillary tube-like formation of MBEC compared with control Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium media. Inhibition of Flk1 and/or Ang1 significantly decreased MSC-induced MBEC tube formation. Knockdown of Tie2 expression in MBECs significantly inhibited MSC-induced tube formation. Our data indicate MSC treatment of stroke promotes angiogenesis and vascular stabilization, which is at least partially mediated by VEGF/Flk1 and Ang1/Tie2.     

Identification and functional significance of troponin I isoforms in neonatal rat heart myofibrils

We investigated the mechanism(s) responsible for differences in the effects of acidic pH on Ca2+ activation of the activity of adult and neonatal rat heart myofilaments. Studies on preparations of myofilaments reconstituted with adult troponin-tropomyosin (Tn-Tm) and either adult or neonatal thick filaments indicated that the difference in effect of acidic pH is related to differences in Tn-Tm and not other myofilament proteins. Immunoblotting analysis showed that development of the rat heart myofibrils is associated with isoform switching from slow skeletal TnI to cardiac TnI and from a slow mobility isoform of TnT (TnT1) to a faster Mr isoform (TnT2. Expression of slow skeletal TnI was associated with a relative insensitivity of myofilament Ca2+ activation to deactivation by acidic pH. Moreover, the effect of acidic pH on Ca2+ activation of ATPase activity of soleus myofibrils, which contain cardiac TnC and slow skeletal TnI, was essentially the same as the effect of acidic pH on rat cardiac myofibrils in the early neonatal period. Neonatal myofilaments also contained a relative abundance of a set of polypeptides copurifying with the thin filaments. We have identified these proteins as histones. The relative amount of histones among a variety of preparations from different species was not correlated with the pH sensitivity of myofibrillar Ca2+ activation. Shifts in TnT isoforms among these species were also not correlated with an altered response to acidic pH. Our data provide evidence in support of the hypothesis that the relative insensitivity of neonatal myofilament activity to acidic pH is due to the presence of slow skeletal TnI in the thin-filament regulatory complex.     

经尿道前列腺电切术后膀胱颈挛缩多因素分析

目的 :对经尿道前列腺电切术 (TURP)后膀胱颈挛缩 (BNC)发生的各种可能因素进行分析 ,探讨减少该并发症的途径。　方法 :对 10 17例行TURP患者中发生BNC的 2 4例进行统计学分析 ,在手术方法、前列腺电切重量、单位时间前列腺组织电切重量、置管时间、高频发生器类型及有无糖尿病、尿潴留及前列腺炎等方面进行比较 ,了解其可能发生的因素。　结果 :TURP术后BNC发生率明显高于开放手术病例 ,小前列腺、单位电切时间长、高频发生器功率大及术前前列腺炎患者易发生BNC(P <0 .0 5 ) ,而术前尿潴留、糖尿病及术后置管时间对BNC发生无明显影响 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论 :小前列腺、前列腺炎及电流损伤是发生BNC的重要因素 ,患者的选择及熟练精确的电切技术可减少BNC的发生。