Endoscopic intubation of the trachea in emergencies

The article presents the results of performing endoscopic intubation of the trachea under emergency situations in patients and victims of traumatic and pyo-inflammatory alterations of organs and tissue of the neck. The technique of the trachea intubation is described. It was noted that in such patients there appear serious problems during the intubation of the trachea by the method of direct laryngoscopy which are due to considerable disturbances of the anatomo-topographic interrelations of the organs, marked edema of the tissues and by the presence of the pathological content in the lumen of the oro- and laryngopharynx. The trachea intubation performed under the control of vision with the help of a bronchofibroscope allows to avoid additional traumatization of the tissue of the oro- and laryngopharynx, to rapidly introduce the endotracheal tube into the trachea without hypoxia, to perform sanitation of the oral cavity, pharynx and the tracheobronchial tree.     

Intraoperative local electrostimulation of interintestinal anastomoses

The article deals with the diagnosing and correction of reversible ischemia of the intestine. The method of local electrostimulation of interintestinal anastomoses is described, the results obtained in the clinic and experiments are generalized and a comparison of the parameters of homomotor dynamics prior to and after electrostimulation has been made.     

Treatment of trophic ulcers in chronic venous insufficiency using bio-transplants

The results of treatment of 66 patients with trophic ulcer in postthrombophlebitic syndrome, using biological lining, manufactured from mollusc of Cephalopoda genus owing properties of semipermeable biological membrane, were analyzed. Application of biogenic linings had promoted the results of patients treatment improvement due to quickening of epithelization and formation of ripe granular tissue.     

Treatment of fistula of abdominal part of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum

The results of treatment of 142 patients with fistula of the abdominal esophagus, stomach and duodenum were analyzed. Tactic and principles of treatment of different types of the alimentary canal fistulas were elaborated. Mortality was 31.7%.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of Mirizzi's syndrome

Retrospective analysis was done concerning the course of cholelithic disease, the results of laboratory, ultrasonographic, radiological, endoscopical methods of investigation, conducted in 52 patients with different forms of Mirizzi syndrome. The method and extent of surgical correction of the disease are recommended.     

Applications of immunomodulators in complex of treatment of the soft tissue purulent wounds

In 31 patients with purulent wound of soft tissues more rapid cleansing and healing of the wound, the immunity indexes normalization were noted while application of immunomodulator thymogen in combination with the siliceous sorbent sillard application and adaptogenic preparation--tincture of Echinacea Purpurea.     

Selective proximal vagotomy with excision of duodenal ulcer

257 patients with duodenal ulcer and its complications underwent selective proximal vagotomy in combination with excision of duodenal ulcer without pyloric injury. Lethality rate was 0.78%. Long-term results of the operation by Visick's classification are evaluated as excellent and good in 105 (90.5%) patients, in 9 (7.8%) as satisfactory, in 2 (1.7%) as unsatisfactory. It is emphasized that operation saving the pylorus is optimal in such patients and can be performed almost in all patients irrespective of location of the ulcer, presence and tupe of its complications.     

Embolization of splenic artery in children with portal hypertension

This study examined the results of embolization of the splenic artery (ESA) in 30 children (age ranged from 5 to 14 years) with portal hypertension. Effectiveness of ESA was evaluated by a decrease in spleen size, hypersplenism, disappearance of esophageal varices and improvement in blood count. The results show that chronic embolization of the splenic artery in children is relatively safe and effective surgical treatment for portal hypertension. It lessens portal hypertension, reduces and in some cases eliminates hypersplenism and splenomegaly. Furthermore, being pathogenically sound it may be operation of choice in treatment of chronic hepatitis with portal hypertension and is well tolerated by children.     

Opportunity of operative traumatism decrease in patients with complicated tricuspid valve defect

This study examined the results of surgical trivalve of 44 patients with trivalve heart defect. In all the patients the heart defect was combined with two and more complicating factors: advanced III-degree calcinosis of the valves, cardiomegaly, cardiac fibrillation, left atrium thrombosis, high pulmonary hypertension. In 20 patients the operative intervention on the heart was repeated. The analysis of the results allowed to recommend some surgical techniques which allowed to decrease surgical traumatism in patients with complicated trivalve heart defect. Low traumatism was possible because of incomplete removal of the calcium masses extending on the fibrotic ring and outside, use of two-row counter U-suture on linings for the prosthesis fixing, transdoubleatrial approach without isolation of the heart from the adhesions in dense pericardial obliteration, correction even insignificant trivalve heart defect or relative valve incompetence.