Effects of cerulenin on the endogenous fatty acid synthetic activity in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

PURPOSES: Inhibition of cerulenin on the endogenous fatty acid synthetic activities of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal oral mucosa was assayed. METHODS: Squamous cell carcinoma and normal oral mucosa were collected fresh from surgical specimens. The collected tissues were minced in RPMI 1640 and divided into 3 groups: cerulenin treated, dimethylsulfoxide treated, and control. The tissues were incubated in [1(2)-(14)C]acetic acid, sodium salt for the last 2.5 hours of the treatment at 37 degrees C in 5% CO(2). After labeling, total lipids were extracted and counted for (14)C by scintillation counting. RESULTS: Endogenous fatty acid synthetic activities of oral squamous cell caranoma in the cerulenin-treated group decreased by 19% at 1 hour, 64% at 2 hours, and 87% at 4 hours; remained nearly unchanged in the dimethylsulfoxide-treated group; and increased slightly in the control group. The oral mucosa tissues were only mildly affected by cerulenin in fatty acid synthesis. CONCLUSIONS: Cerulenin significantly inhibits fatty acid synthetic activity in squamous cell carcinoma and only mildly affected the oral mucosa, indicating that the fatty acid synthetic pathway may be exploited as a target for developing anticancer drugs.     

Chemical analysis of powder and set forms of Portland cement, gray ProRoot MTA, white ProRoot MTA, and gray MTA-Angelus.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the chemical composition and crystalline structures of Portland cement, gray ProRoot MTA (gray MTA), white ProRoot MTA (white MTA), and gray MTA-Angelus. STUDY DESIGN: X-ray diffraction analysis was used to identify and characterize crystalline phases, and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer was used to determine the chemical composition of the test materials. Both powder form and set form were examined. RESULTS: The crystalline structure and chemical composition of gray and white MTA were similar except for the presence of iron in gray MTA. Both were composed mainly of bismuth oxide and calcium silicate oxide. Portland cement was composed mainly of calcium silicate oxide and did not contain bismuth oxide. Gray MTA-Angelus had a lower content of bismuth oxide than ProRoot MTA. There were no noticeable differences in the chemical composition and crystalline structures between the powder and set forms of any of the material tested. CONCLUSION: Portland cement differed from the MTA by the absence of bismuth ions and presence of potassium ions. Gray MTA contained a significant amount of iron when compared with white MTA. In addition, gray MTA-Angelus had a lower content of bismuth oxide than ProRoot MTA.     

自体腹白线片修补十二指肠溃疡穿孔(附13例报告)

目的探讨用游离自体腹白线片修补急性十二指肠溃疡穿孔的应用价值。方法从2006年1月至2006年7月对13例用自体腹白线片修补急性十二指肠溃疡穿孔的病人的临床资料和随访情况进行回顾性分析,其中2例穿孔大于2cm2,平均手术时间60分钟,平均失血量20ml,平均住院天数9±1天。结果游离自体腹白线片修补急性十二指肠溃疡穿孔13例均痊愈出院。随访15天至6个月,无手术并发症。结论本方法操作较简单、安全、效果好,其适应症广,是一种可行的新方法。     

垂体腺瘤的分子病因学研究进展

垂体腺瘤是发生于垂体前叶的良性肿瘤，约占中枢神经系统肿瘤的10％-20％，而无功能微腺瘤占到成人尸检的23％左右。生理上根据免疫组化将垂体腺瘤按功能分为有激素分泌活性腺瘤（functioning pituitary adenoma，FPA）和非激素分泌活性腺瘤（non—functioning pituitary adenoma，NFPA）两大类。[第一段]     

岗位业绩导向的医院薪酬设计

基于现代管理理论和医院的实际情况，设计了一种以岗位和业绩为导向的医院薪酬制度。该设计的主要特点是：①薪酬结构以岗位工资和绩效工资为主体，同时兼顾稳定和逐步过渡原则，原档案工资的固定部分(约占档案工资的60％)保留。②岗位工资采用全院统一的等级薪酬结构，等级的评定基于全院统一的指标体系和权重，岗位工资每年随绩效考核结果在工资带宽中升降；③绩效工资与岗位等级和绩效考核紧密挂钩，考核的依据是全院统一模式的岗位绩效合同；④整个薪酬设计建立在岗位调查、岗位评价和岗位说明书等的科学规范的工作基础之上。     

Future direction of nanomedicine in gastrointestinal cancer]

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in human, and among various cancers, gastrointestinal cancers occupy more than 55%. Gastric cancer is the first leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world and the number of pancreas and colon cancers are increasing remarkably during last two decades which will continue to increase in the future. Even though the clinical importance of gastrointestinal cancers is very high and endless efforts has been made to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods to improve the patient's quality of life and survival, the realistic advance in the actual survival benefit of the cancer patients are still strongly required. Nanotechnology has the power to radically change the way of cancer diagnosis and treatment. Currently, there is a lot of researches on novel nanodevices capable of detecting cancer at its earliest stage, pinpointing its location within the body, and delivering anticancer drugs specifically to the malignant cells. Nanoscale devices can readily interact with biomolecules both on the cell surface and within the cell. In addition, nanoscale devices are already proven that they can deliver therapeutic agents to target cells even within specific organelles. Major areas in which nanomedicine is being developed in cancer include early detection and proteomics, imaging diagnostics and multifunctional therapeutics. Because nanotechnology would provide a technical power and tool that enable new diagnostics, therapeutics, and preventives to keep pace with today's explosion in knowledge in the future, it would be very useful to know the perspectives in the direction of nanotechnology as a major clinician responsible for the patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.     

矢状缝早闭(舟状头)全颅成形术

目的探讨治疗矢状缝早闭(舟状头)畸形的手术方法。方法采用David“‖”形颅缝重建法(6例)、旋转骨瓣截骨法(2例)、梅花颅骨瓣头颅盖成型法(3例)等术式对舟状头进行矫治。结果11例患儿均治愈,外形满意。结论1~3个月舟状头宜采用简单的David“‖”形颅缝重建法进行治疗,3个月以上的患儿可选用浮动颅骨瓣头颅成型术、梅花瓣法颅骨瓣头颅盖成型术等方法进行治疗。     

蘑菇状覆膜内支架的设计和在食管胃吻合口-胸腔瘘中的应用

目的 设计封堵食管胃吻合口-胸腔瘘的覆膜内支架。方法 根据食管胃吻合口区的特殊解剖结构和吻合口胸腔瘘的病变特点，设计蘑菇状覆膜内支架。透视下，5例吻合口巨大胸腔瘘患者置入6枚蘑菇状覆膜内支架。结果 蘑菇状覆膜内支架能有效封堵食管胃吻合口巨大胸腔瘘，解决了进食问题，改善了营养状况。结论 蘑菇状覆膜内支架结构设计合理，操作简单、安全，近期疗效明显，是一项值得推广的新技术。     

胆管癌误诊和漏诊的影像学分析

目的：分析胆管癌误诊和漏诊的原因，评价不同检查方法对肝门区胆管癌诊断的价值，提高胆管癌的影像学诊断和鉴别诊断水平。方法：收集31例临床和病理诊断为胆管癌的病例(ERCP检查31例，B超检查31例，25例CT检查，11例行MRCP检查)，回顾性分析不同检查方法的影像学表现。结果：31例中发生在肝门区的胆管癌25例。2例初次ERCP显示胆管内出血，再次行鼻胆管造影后诊断为胆管癌，4例合并有总胆管结石。6例为总胆管中下段癌。初次诊断准确性为90．3％。11例MRCP中9例显示病变，2例显示不满意，7例显示胆管或胆囊结石。25例CT中23例显示肝内胆管扩张，9例显示肝门区肿块，2例见后腹膜转移淋巴结，1例见肝内多发性转移瘤。12例初次诊断正确(48％)。B超检查23例提示肝内胆管扩张，6例提示总胆管结石，18例诊断为胆囊炎、胆囊结石，8例提示胆管占位(25．8％)。结论：良好的直接胆管造影是诊断胆管癌的金标准，MRCP可以在一定程度上准确显示病变的范围，是ERCP的良好补充，很大程度上取代了诊断性ERCP；CT诊断的关键在于显示扩张的胆管和梗阻的定位，肝门区梗阻多为胆管癌所致。多种影像检查方法的结合明显提高了诊断的准确性，对胆管癌治疗方案的选择有重要价值。