川芎嗪对缺氧缺糖损伤的血管内皮细胞周期和前列环素的影响

目的：研究在缺氧缺糖条件下，血管内皮细胞活性、前列环素生成和细胞周期的变化及川芎嗪对它们的影响。方法：缺氧缺糖诱导血管内皮细胞损伤，MTT比色法、流式细胞仪观察川芎嗪对血管内皮细胞作用及细胞周期的影响，放射免疫法测定细胞培养液中前列环素含量。结果：川芎嗪抑制缺氧缺糖引起的血管内皮细胞减少，其作用主要使S期和G2M期细胞比率增加，促进损伤的血管内皮细胞释放前列环素。结论：川芎嗪具有保护缺氧缺糖诱导血管内皮细胞损伤，其作用主要是通过增加S期和G2M期细胞和前列环素的水平。     

急性中毒并多器官功能失常综合征61例临床分析

目的调查急性中毒并多器官功能失常综合征(MODS)的发病情况和转归。方法回顾性分析300例急性中毒患者,其中61例并发MODS。结果61例并发MODS中,死亡14例,病死率22.9％。发生2、3、4、5或5个以上器官功能失常病死率分别为4.7％、15.7％、37.5％、80％。受累器官个数在死亡组和存活组的比较差异显著。结论 不同中毒致MODS的病死率不同,随器官功能失常数目的增加而升高。     

硫唑嘌呤脂质体的研制

目的 :优选硫唑嘌呤脂质体的处方和制备工艺 ,并评价其质量。方法 :采用薄膜 -振荡分散法制备硫唑嘌呤脂质体 ,以正交试验法优选出制备硫唑嘌呤脂质体的最佳工艺条件。用滴定法测其包封率 ,显微镜法观察其形态 ,测量粒径和粒度分布。结果 :制备的脂质体的包封率达到49 19 % ,透射电子显微镜下观察脂质体为粒径均匀的球状或近球状的多室脂质体 ,小于2 4μm的粒子占78 17 %。结论 :优选得到的脂质体处方和制备工艺合理、稳定     

香菇多糖对巨噬细胞一氧化氮和一氧化氮合酶活性的影响

目的研究香菇多糖(LTN)诱导巨噬细胞的一氧化氮(NO)生成和一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)的活性,探讨LTN的免疫调节作用机理.方法采用Griess反应和荧光法测定不同剂量的LTN作用小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞后NO的生成量和iNOS活性.观察mRNA转录抑制剂、蛋白质合成抑制剂和iNOS抑制剂对巨噬细胞NO的生成和iNOS活性的影响.结果LTN能使小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞NO生成增加,iNOS活性增高,并呈作用剂量依赖关系.3种抑制剂均能抑制LTN诱导的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞N0的生成和iNOS活性.结论LTN能刺激小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞提高iNOS活性和NO的生成.提示LTN的免疫调节作用机制可能与LTN刺激巨噬细胞NO生成有关.     

The conduct of in vitro and in vivo drug-drug interaction studies: a Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) perspective.

Current regulatory guidances do not address specific study designs for in vitro and in vivo drug-drug interaction studies. There is a common desire by regulatory authorities and by industry sponsors to harmonize approaches, to allow for a better assessment of the significance of findings across different studies and drugs. There is also a growing consensus for the standardization of cytochrome P450 (P450) probe substrates, inhibitors and inducers and for the development of classification systems to improve the communication of risk to health care providers and to patients. While existing guidances cover mainly P450-mediated drug interactions, the importance of other mechanisms, such as transporters, has been recognized more recently, and should also be addressed. This article was prepared by the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) Drug Metabolism and Clinical Pharmacology Technical Working Groups and represents the current industry position. The intent is to define a minimal best practice for in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction studies targeted to development (not discovery support) and to define a data package that can be expected by regulatory agencies in compound registration dossiers.     

《医话选粹》自序

医话是医业的小品文,不拘形式,不拘框架,与文学小品文唯一不同的是专谈医生的事务。因此,它自然是医生写的、讲的,是医生读的、听的。其中大至民族民生的卫生大事,小至日常卫生的琐事,只要是健康卫生范围内的事,都可秉笔而书。但有一点是主要的,那就是必须使读者在业务方面有所收获,此有别于茶余饭后的闲话聊天,读过、阅过、听过之后,读(听)者脑子里一无所得。是古人所谓“开卷有益”。     

克隆病与副结核杆菌

分支杆菌、尤其是副结核杆菌长期被疑为克隆病的致病菌。采用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术对手术及内镜活检的７４例石蜡包埋组织（３６例克隆病、１８例溃疡性结肠炎和２０例非炎性肠病对照组织）中的副结核杆菌ＤＮＡ进行检测。扩增的靶ＤＮＡ为副结核杆菌染色体特异重复插入序列ＩＳ９００上４００ｂｐ的片段。其产物特异性通过生物素标记的副结核杆菌全染色体探针Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交证实。结果显示：４７．２％的克隆病、１１．１％的溃疡性结肠炎和１５．０％的非炎性肠病对照组织中检出了副结核杆菌ＤＮＡ，并发现克隆病组织中副结核杆菌的检出率与其病变部位和是否存在肉芽肿病变无关。提示部分克隆病组织中确有副结核杆菌存在，且后者与克隆病间可能存在特殊相关性。     

实验性偏头痛动物模型c-fos、c-jun基因表达

目的　复制实验性偏头痛动物模型并探讨其c -fos、c -jun基因表达。方法　采用CristinaTassorelli硝酸甘油法复制大鼠实验性偏头痛模型。免疫组化ABC法研究偏头痛大鼠脑组织即刻早期基因c -fos、c -jun的表达。结果　硝酸甘油型实验性偏头痛大鼠出现双耳发红、甩头、前肢频繁搔头 ,活动增加等外在表现 ,脑组织c -fos、c -jun基因表达阳性细胞数增加 ,基因表达阳性细胞的面积扩大、灰度降低或变化不大。结论　硝酸甘油型实验偏头痛大鼠模型复制方法简单、重复性较好、脑组织c -fos和c -jun基因异常表达明显 ,可以作为偏头痛治疗药物筛选、药效评价和发病机理研究的动物模型。     

粗叶悬钩子三萜类化合物的分离鉴定

从粗叶悬钩子中分离得到５个三萜类化合物，经波谱等方法鉴定其为ｃｏｒｏｓｏｌｉｃａｃｉｄ，ｔｏｒｍｅｎｔｉｃａｃｉｄ，ｎｉｇａ-ｉｎｃｈｉｇｏｓｉｄｅＦ_１，ｔｒａｃｈｅｌｏｓｐｅｒｏｓｉｄｅＥ-１和ｓｕａｖｉｓｓｉｍｏｓｉｄｅＲ_１，均为首次从该植物得到。     

Synovial sarcoma in childhood: Clinical and radiological findings

Objective: To study the clinical characteristics andradiological features of synovial sarcoma in childhood and its relation to the diagnosis and treatment. Methods: The clinical radiological features of 15 children with synovial sarcoma proved surgically and pathologically were analyzed. Results: In children, the tumor boundaries are poorly defined due to paucity of fat, and metastasis usually occurs early. Eight patients in this series had bone involvement, including: direct erosion by tumor causing cortical destruction, indirect pressure defect with sharp margin and reactive bone sclerosis and bone destruction of the primary intraosseous synovial sarcoma. Conclusion: The tumor is often misdiagnosed, the final confirmed diagnosis must be made by histological examination with imaging findings. It is emphasized that the patients should be treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy preoperatively and postoperatively.