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排序方式: 共有585条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Antonis Farmakas Mamas Theodorou Petros Galanis Georgios Karayiannis Stefanos Ghobrial Nikos Polyzos Evridiki Papastavrou Eirini Agapidaki Kyriakos Souliotis 《Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E》2017,15(1):16
Background
In countries such as Cyprus the financial crisis and the recession have severely affected the funding and priority setting of the health care system. There is evidence highlighting the importance of population’ preferences in designing priorities for health care settings. Although public preferences have been thorough analysed in many countries, there is a research gap in terms of simultaneously investigating the relative importance and the weight of differing and competing criteria for determining healthcare priority settings. The main objective of the study was tο investigate public preferences for the relative utility and weight of differing and competing criteria for health care priority setting in Cyprus.Methods
The ‘conjoint analysis’ technique was applied to develop a ranking exercise. The aim of the study was to identify the preferences of the participants for alternative options. Participants were asked to grade in a priority order 16 hypothetical case scenarios of patients with different disease and of diverse socio-economic characteristics awaiting treatment. The sample was purposive and consisted of 100 Cypriots, selected from public locations all over the country.Results
It was revealed that the “severity of the disease” and the “age of the patient” were the key prioritization criteria. Participants assigned the smallest relative value to the criterion “healthy lifestyle”. More precisely, participants older than 35 years old assigned higher relative importance to “age”, while younger participants to the “severity of the disease”. The “healthy lifestyle” criterion was assigned to the lowest relative importance to by all participants.Conclusion
In Cyprus, public participation in health care priority setting is almost inexistent. Nonetheless, it seems that the public’s participation in this process could lead to a wider acceptance of the healthcare system especially as a result of the financial crisis and the upcoming reforms implemented such as the establishment of the General System of Health Insurance.92.
93.
Katherine M. Prioli Laura T. Pizzi Julie Katz Karp Taki Galanis Jay H. Herman Plasma Cost Focus Group 《Applied health economics and health policy》2016,14(5):609-617
Background
Plasma is used to treat acquired coagulopathy or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, or to reverse warfarin effect. Scant data are available, however, about its costs.Objective
To estimate total costs of plasma from production through administration, from the perspective of a US hospital blood donor center (BDC).Study Design and Methods
Six sequential decision analytic models were constructed and informed by primary and secondary data on time, tasks, personnel, and supplies for donation, processing, and administration. Expected values of the models were summed to yield the BDC’s total cost of producing, preparing, and transfusing plasma. Costs ($US 2015) are reported for a typical patient using three units of plasma. Models assume plasma was obtained from whole blood donation and transfused in an inpatient setting. Univariate sensitivity analyses were performed to test the impact of changing inputs for personnel costs and adverse event (AE) rates and costs.Results
BDC production cost of plasma was $91.24/patient ($30.41/unit), a $30.16/patient savings versus purchased plasma. Administration and monitoring costs totaled $194.64/patient. Sensitivity analyses indicated that modifying BDC personnel costs during donation and processing has little impact on total plasma costs. However, the probability and cost of transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) have a significant impact on costs.Conclusion
Plasma produced by our BDC may be less costly than purchased plasma. Though plasma processes have multiple tasks involving staff time, these are not the largest cost driver. Major plasma-related AEs are uncommon, but are the biggest driver of total plasma costs.94.
95.
Bahaa Abu-Raya Marianne Jost Julie A Bettinger Robert Bortolussi Janet Grabowski Thierry Lacaze-Masmonteil Joan L Robinson Klara M Posfay-Barbe Eleni Galanis Elizabeth Schutt Mirjam Musezahl Tobias R Kollmann 《Paediatrics & child health》2021,26(7):e277
ObjectivesInternational data on listeriosis during infancy from large populations are essential to guide evidence-based empiric antibiotic guidelines for sepsis in infancy. We aimed to determine the incidence, clinical manifestations, and outcome of listeriosis in infants <6 months of age in Canada and Switzerland.MethodsProspective, active surveillance of listeriosis in infants <6 months of age was conducted through the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (May 2015 to April 2017) and the Swiss Paediatric Surveillance Unit (April 2017 to March 2018). Confirmed and probable cases were included.ResultsIn Canada, eight sporadic listeriosis cases were reported (incidence, 1.1/100,000 live births/year). In Switzerland, four cases were reported (incidence, 4.5/100,000 live births/year) of which three were part of a confirmed outbreak with an unclear source. In the two countries, eight of the 12 cases (66.6%) presented as early-onset disease (within the first 7 days of life) and none presented after 28 days life.ConclusionsNeonatal listeriosis is rare. Infants presenting with sepsis, especially after 4 weeks of life, may not routinely require empiric antibiotic coverage for listeriosis. Outbreak-related cases still occur. Continued surveillance is important. 相似文献
96.
Phuong LK Allen C Peng KW Giannini C Greiner S TenEyck CJ Mishra PK Macura SI Russell SJ Galanis EC 《Cancer research》2003,63(10):2462-2469
Despite the most aggressive medical and surgical treatments, glioblastoma multiforme remains incurable with a median survival of <1 year. We investigated the antitumor potential of a novel viral agent, an attenuated strain of measles virus (MV), derived from the Edmonston vaccine lineage, genetically engineered to produce carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). CEA production as the virus replicates can serve as a marker of viral gene expression. Infection of a variety of glioblastoma cell lines including U87, U118, and U251 at MOIs 0.1, 1, and 10 resulted in significant cytopathic effect consisting of excessive syncycial formation and massive cell death at 72-96 h from infection. terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated nick end labeling assays demonstrated the mechanism of cell death to be predominantly apoptotic. The efficacy of this approach in vivo was examined in BALB/c nude mice by using both s.c. and intracranial orthotopic U87 tumor models. In the s.c. U87 model, mice with established xenografts were treated with a total dose of 8 x 10(7) plaque forming units of MV-CEA, administered i.v. Mice treated with UV light inactivated MV, and untreated mice with established U87 tumors were used as controls. There was statistically significant regression of s.c. tumors (P < 0.001) and prolongation of survival (P = 0.007) in MV-CEA treated animals compared with the two control groups. In the intracranial orthotopic U87 model, there was significant regression of intracranial U87 tumors treated with intratumoral administration of MV-CEA at a total dose of 1.8 x 10(6) plaque forming units as assessed by magnetic resonance image (P = 0.002), and statistically significant prolongation of survival as compared with mice that received UV-inactivated virus and untreated mice (P = 0.02). Histological examination of brains of MV-CEA-treated animals revealed complete regression of the tumor with the presence of a residual glial scar and reactive changes, mainly presence of hemosiderin-laden macrophages. In addition, CEA levels in the peripheral blood in both the s.c. and orthotopic models increased before tumor regression, indicating viral gene expression, and returned to normal when the tumors regressed. Ifnar(ko) CD46 Ge transgenic mice, susceptible to MV infection, were used to assess central nervous system toxicity of MV-CEA. Intracranial administration of MV-CEA into the caudate nucleus of Ifnar(ko) CD46 Ge did not result in clinical neurotoxicity. Pathologic examination demonstrated limited microglial infiltration surrounding the injection site. In summary, MV-CEA has potent antitumor activity against gliomas in vitro, as well as in both s.c. and orthotopic U87 animal models. Monitoring CEA levels in the serum can serve as a low-risk method of detecting viral gene expression during treatment, and could allow dose optimization and individualization of treatment. 相似文献
97.
Kurt A Jaeckle Karla V Ballman Martin van den Bent Caterina Giannini Evanthia Galanis Paul D Brown Robert B Jenkins J Gregory Cairncross Wolfgang Wick Michael Weller Kenneth D Aldape Jesse G Dixon S Keith Anderson Jane H Cerhan Jeffrey S Wefel Martin Klein Stuart A Grossman David Schiff Jeffrey J Raizer Frederick Dhermain Donald G Nordstrom Patrick J Flynn Michael A Vogelbaum 《Neuro-oncology》2021,23(3):457
BackgroundWe report the analysis involving patients treated on the initial CODEL design.MethodsAdults (>18) with newly diagnosed 1p/19q World Health Organization (WHO) grade III oligodendroglioma were randomized to radiotherapy (RT; 5940 centigray ) alone (arm A); RT with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) (arm B); or TMZ alone (arm C). Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), arm A versus B. Secondary comparisons were performed for OS and progression-free survival (PFS), comparing pooled RT arms versus TMZ-alone arm.ResultsThirty-six patients were randomized equally. At median follow-up of 7.5 years, 83.3% (10/12) TMZ-alone patients progressed, versus 37.5% (9/24) on the RT arms. PFS was significantly shorter in TMZ-alone patients compared with RT patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.26, 7.69; P = 0.014). Death from disease progression occurred in 3/12 (25%) of TMZ-alone patients and 4/24 (16.7%) on the RT arms. OS did not statistically differ between arms (comparison underpowered). After adjustment for isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status (mutated/wildtype) in a Cox regression model utilizing IDH and RT treatment status as covariables (arm C vs pooled arms A + B), PFS remained shorter for patients not receiving RT (HR = 3.33; 95% CI: 1.31, 8.45; P = 0.011), but not OS ((HR = 2.78; 95% CI: 0.58, 13.22, P = 0.20). Grade 3+ adverse events occurred in 25%, 42%, and 33% of patients (arms A, B, and C). There were no differences between arms in neurocognitive decline comparing baseline to 3 months.ConclusionsTMZ-alone patients experienced significantly shorter PFS than patients treated on the RT arms. The ongoing CODEL trial has been redesigned to compare RT + PCV versus RT + TMZ. 相似文献
98.
Evanthia Galanis MD S. Keith Anderson MS Erin L. Twohy MS Xiomara W. Carrero BS Jesse G. Dixon MS David Dinh Tran MD PhD Suriya A. Jeyapalan MD MPH Daniel M. Anderson MD Timothy J. Kaufmann MD MS Ryan W. Feathers BS Caterina Giannini MD PhD Jan C. Buckner MD Panos Z. Anastasiadis PhD David Schiff MD 《Cancer》2019,125(21):3790-3800
99.
血小板冷藏会使血管假性血友病因子受体复合物(von Willebrand factor receptor complex)聚集成簇。巨噬细胞αMβ2 整合素结合在成簇复合物的GPIbα亚基,导致输注的冷藏血小板被快速清除。因此输注用血小板不能冷藏,但现在的室温保存方式也存在很大缺点。我们已证明αMβ2是一种凝集素,它能识别GPIbα的N-连接葡聚糖上暴露的β-N-乙酰葡萄胺。冷藏血小板的酶促半乳糖苷化阻止了αMβ2的这种识别,延长了有 相似文献
100.