Die Wertigkeit der Adenosintriphosphatase Reaktion zur Diagnostik von essentiellen Paraproteinämien

Zusammenfassung Bei 26 Fällen mit essentieller Paraproteinämie wurde die cytochemische Aktivität der Adenosintriphosphatase (ATPase) in den Plasmazellen des Knochenmarks untersucht. 15 Fälle zeigten eine erniedrigte und 11 Patienten eine normale ATPase-Aktivität. Die Untersuchungen zeigen, daß die Erniedrigung der ATPase für die Diagnostik des Plasmocytoms nicht spezifisch ist.Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Hoffmeister, Mannheim, zum 65. Geburtstag.     

1 MHz腔内射频加热辐射器在体模和犬颈段食管中的热场分布

目的 在肌肉等效体模及Beagle犬颈段食管中测定ZRL—Ⅱ型食管腔内加热辐射器的温度分布，探讨其热场分布能否满足食管癌加热治疗的临床需要。方法 ①在肌肉等效体模中测定ZRL—Ⅱ型食管腔内射频加热辐射器的温度分布，②Beagle犬用氯胺酮麻醉、固定。将腔内加热辐射器插入食管腔内，加热45min后分层解剖犬的颈部，同时测量食管外壁、气管、食管周围软组织中的温度。结果 ①在肌肉等效体模中距离导管囊表面1cm的环形体内的温度在43．2℃～43．6℃之间；在距离导管囊表面2cm的环形体内的温度在42．6℃～43．3℃之间，在距离导管囊表面3cm的环形体内的温度在42．6℃～42．8℃之间。②测得Beagle犬颈段食管腔内和外壁的温度为43．5℃，气管内为38．0℃，主动脉旁38．0℃，距食管外壁1cm处的软组织温度为40-3℃，距食管外壁2cm处的软组织温度为39．0℃，而颈部皮下的温度是37．5℃。结论 ①ZRL-Ⅱ型射频食管腔内加热辐射器的热场分布满足临床食管腔内加热的需要，②体模测定与活体动物测定，热场分布存在一定差异，需进一步研究。     

骨组织工程种子细胞的研究进展

随着骨组织工程研究的进展 ,选择什么细胞作为其种子细胞成为近年来研究的热点。目前 ,骨组织工程应用中种子细胞有五种来源 :骨、骨膜、骨髓、骨外组织和早期胚胎。本文介绍了五种来源种子细胞的研究状况 ,并对种子细胞各自存在的问题及应用前景进行了分析。     

TLR2和TLR4在原发性肝癌中的表达

目的：本研究通过检测原发性肝癌Toll样受体2（TLR2）和Toll样受体4（TLR4）的表达，分析其与临床病理生理因素的关系，探讨TLR2，TLR4在原发性肝癌疾病过程中的可能作用。方法：采用免疫组化法和实时荧光定量PCR分别在蛋白水平及mRNA水平检测原发性肝癌组织和配对癌旁组织TLR2、TLR4的表达。结果：原发性肝癌组织在蛋白水平和mRNA水平TLR2和TLR4的表达均明显低于癌旁组织（P<0.01）。但免疫组化结果显示不论是肝癌组织还是癌旁组织，TLR2和TLR4的表达均明显高于正常肝组织（P<0.01，P<0.05），有门静脉分支癌栓的患者癌组织TLR4的表达强度低于无门静脉分支癌栓的患者（P<0.05）。结论：肝癌组织TLR2和TLR4的表达与癌旁组织相比受到相对抑制，但高于正常肝组织，TLR2和TLR4信号途径可能参与了原发性肝癌的病理过程。     

Adaptation of cancellous bone to aging and immobilization in growing rats.

Two-and-half-month-old female rats were subjected to right hindlimb immobilization or served as controls for 0, 1, 2, 8, 14, and 20 weeks. The right hindlimb was immobilized by bandaging it against the abdomen, thus unloading it. Cancellous bone histomorphometry was performed on microradiographs and double-fluorescent labeled 20 microns sections of the distal femoral metaphyses. Primary spongiosa bone loss occurred rapidly by 2 weeks, and secondary spongiosa bone loss occurred rapidly by 8 weeks of immobilization, and then equilibrated at 60% less bone mass than age-related controls. The negative bone balance induced by immobilization was caused by transient increase in bone resorption, decrease in bone formation, and longitudinal bone growth. The dynamic data of secondary spongiosa cancellous bone showed that percent eroded perimeter was transiently elevated by 55 to 82% between 1 and 8 weeks, percent labeled perimeter was transiently depressed by 32% to 50% between 1 and 14 weeks, mineral apposition rate was depressed by 23% and 19% at 1 and 2 weeks, and bone formation rate-bone area referent was transiently depressed by 35% and 59% at 1 and 2 weeks. All the above parameters were at age-related control levels by 20 weeks of immobilization. However, bone formation rate-tissue area referent was depressed (-65%) throughout the study. Immobilization depressed completely longitudinal bone growth by 2 weeks and remained so. Only 0.65 mm of new metaphysis was generated in the immobilized versus 2.1 mm in controls during the study period. The immobilization induced an early cancellous bone loss which equilibrated at a new steady state with less bone and a normal (age-related control) bone turnover rate. When these findings were compared to an earlier study of 9-month-old virgin females subjected to right hindlimb immobilization up to 26 weeks, we found the adaptive responses of the cancellous bone were identical except that they occurred earlier and equilibrated sooner in younger rats.     

中医药对糖尿病足溃疡相关细胞因子调控作用的研究进展

糖尿病足溃疡是糖尿病严重的破坏性并发症,致残率及致死率逐年增高,严重威胁人类身心健康。中医药治疗糖尿病足溃疡,注重辨证论治与整体观念相结合,不仅能改善中医证候,更能在加速创面愈合的同时减少创面的复发,一定程度上延缓了糖尿病足溃疡的进一步恶化,降低其致残率及致死率。现代研究发现,糖尿病足溃疡难以愈合与各种细胞因子如炎症因子、生长因子、趋化因子等分布异常密切相关;随着现代医学对中医药研究的不断深入,中药单体及复方调控细胞因子治疗糖尿病足溃疡已成为研究热点,该文通过对目前国内外研究现状进行归纳,得出以下总结：(1)芝麻酚、栀子苷、当归补血汤、紫朱软膏等调节肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素（IL）-1、IL-6、IL-10等炎症因子,抑制创面炎症。(2)白芷、丹酚酸B、四效散、壮药拔毒生肌膏等调节血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、血小板衍生生长因子（PDGF）、转化生长因子（TGF）、表皮生长因子（EGF）等生长因子,促进创面胶原沉积及血管新生。(3)芍药苷、隐丹参酮、蜂毒、回阳生肌汤等调节CXC趋化因子配体（CXCL）1、CXCL2、CC趋化因子配体（CCL）2、CCL3、基质细胞衍生...     

多发伤的骨折内固定

目的：认识多发伤中骨折的主要特点,探讨内固定在救治中的意义。方法：回顾1994－08～1999－08间手术救治多发伤66例,对其161处骨折中的98处进行了“仿AO技术”有关方法内固定。结果：骨折均满意愈合;涉及骨折关节51个,功能恢复满意率为96．08％。结论：在多发伤中,骨折、合并伤与并发症远较“一般骨折”复杂、严重;有效固定骨折是一种重要的救命措施;内固定手术应争取在伤后24h进行,但如受条件制约,伤后1－3wk内手术也可获得满意效果;仿AO技术中的某些方法,如拉力螺钉、张力带钢丝及自动加压钢板等,用于内固定可使骨折获得卓有成效的稳定性。     

肾综合症出血热血清蛋白与肝肾功能及临床关系的研究

目的 了解肾综合症出血热（HFRS）各期血清蛋白的变化特点及其与肝、肾功能的关系。方法 采用瑞士产COBAS MIRA PLUS CC全血动生化分析仪及日本产MA－4210尿液分析仪分别检测同时的空腹静脉血及晨尿。结果 150例HFRS患者217次检测血清总蛋白（T）平均为63.51g/L,白蛋白（A）为36.29g/L,球蛋白（G）为27.22g/L,A/G=1.33。其中A／G为1.49-1.0者137例（63.3%）,A／G＜1.0者27例（12.44%）,A／G≥1.5者53例（24.42%）。结论 HFRS患者有75.58%存在着低白蛋白血症,并贯穿于各期,异常程度与病情轻重呈正相关,主要原因是肾脏损害,大量白蛋白从尿中丢失,与肝脏的合成功能关系不大。     

开胸术后呼吸衰竭2 6例临床分析

目的:探讨开胸术后呼吸衰竭的发病原因、临床特点及有效的预防、治疗方法.方法:对本院1993年1月～1999年4月开胸术后并发呼吸衰竭的发病情况及其治疗结果进行统计分析.结果:术前心肺功能异常、麻醉、手术创伤、感染、术后出血等为术后呼吸衰竭的主要原因,其发生率为3.56%(26/730),死亡率为23.1%(6/26).结论:加强围手术期呼吸道管理,减轻手术创伤,预防和正确处理术后并发症是防止呼吸衰竭的关键,及时有效的机械通气是抢救成功的最有效手段.     

Effect of Wuzi Yanzong Pills on Sertoli cells and blood–testis barrier in heat-stressed rats based on Akt signalling pathway

The blood–testis barrier (BTB) of Sertoli cells (SCs) is an important biological barrier that maintains spermatogenesis and provides a favourable microenvironment for spermatogenesis. However, heat stress can directly damage the BTB structural proteins of testicular SCs, leading to dyszoospermia. Wuzi Yanzong Pills (WYP) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula used to treat male reproductive diseases. However, whether WYP could ameliorate heat stress injury in primary SCs extracted from rat testes and BTB proteins remains unknown. Here, treatment with WYP (low, medium and high dose) increased the SC viability and the proliferation of cell antigen Ki67 significantly. Additionally, it promoted SC maturation, which presented in the form of increased androgen receptors (ARs) and decreased cytokeratin 18 (CK-18) in three WYP dose groups. WYP upregulated BTB proteins such as zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) and occludin across all WYP groups and decreased phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in the middle and high-dose groups; however, ZO-1 and occludin recovery were reduced with the presence of Akt inhibitor in WYP groups. WYP improved SC viability and proliferation, and ameliorated dedifferentiation and BTB-proteins damaged by heat stress via Akt signalling. The findings present theoretical support for the effects of WYP in the management of dyszoospermia and male infertility.