The distal femoral epiphyseal ossification center in the assessment of third-trimester menstrual age: sonographic identification and measurement

The distal femoral epiphyseal secondary ossification center (DFE), which can be reliably identified and measured sonographically, may assist the sonologist in predicting third-trimester menstrual age. Between 28 and 35 menstrual weeks, the percentage of fetuses with a DFE progressively increases. Although the mean age at DFE appearance is approximately 32-33 menstrual weeks, the DFE may be seen as early as 29 menstrual weeks. Nevertheless, the age of a fetus without an identifiable DFE is most likely less than or equal to 34 menstrual weeks. Measurements of the DFE show that its size increases linearly: the menstrual age of a fetus whose DFE measures greater than or equal to 7mm is most likely greater than or equal to 37 weeks.     

Expression of CDw29 and CD45R antigens on epithelial cells in oral lichen planus

The CD45R and CDw29 antigens are expressed on naive and primed helper T cell populations which serve suppressor-inducer or helper-inducer functions, respectively. These antigens may also be expressed on epithelial cell subpopulations. In the present study, monoclonal antibodies reacting with T lymphocytes and Langerhans cells (LC) were used to characterize the expression of CD45R and CDw29 antigens in oral lichen planus. CDw29 was expressed by LC and lymphocytic cells whereas keratinocyte reactivity varied from negative through to full thickness staining. Expression of CD45R was confined to intraepithelial cells with either lymphocytic or dendritic morphology. A relatively constant ratio of CD1a + LC to CD45R + cells (2:1) was seen. These results demonstrate the existence of intraepithelial cells expressing antigens which are functionally important in T cell responses and which may provide local immunoregulatory influences.     

Nonpalpable breast lesion localization: limited efficacy of sonography

We attempted to use hand-held, high-resolution breast sonography to localize for biopsy 11 solid, nonpalpable lesions detected by mammography. Using sonography, we identified and localized only one of four lesions presenting as poorly defined masses and only one of seven lesions presenting as clusters of tiny calcifications. This 18% rate of success is too low to justify the use of sonography for all patients undergoing needle localization. Mammography remains the procedure of choice for localizing solid, nonpalpable breast masses and clustered calcifications.     

金艾康合并化学药物治疗肿瘤临床疗效观察

目的：探讨金艾康（汉防己甲素片）合用化学药物治疗肿瘤的临床增效作用。方法：通过比较治疗组与对照组（金艾康合并化学药物者为治疗组,单用化学药物者为对照组,每组各为３０例）的总缓解率与毒副反应来评价金艾康对化疗药物的增效作用。结果：治疗组与对照组的总缓解率分别为８０％与６６．７％,其中部分毒副反应如消化道反应与肢端订木症状等治疗组明显低于对照组。结论：金艾康具有对化学药物治疗肿瘤增效作用,其作用机理可     

Amniotic sheets

Seventeen cases of an aberrant sheet of tissue in the amniotic cavity are described to expand and clarify previous observations of this entity. The sheet of tissue demonstrates a thickened base and a free edge that undulates. The fetus moves freely about the sheet of tissue. There are no associated fetal deformities, and infants have no manifestations of the amniotic-band syndrome. Evidence suggests that these sheets may originate from "wrapping" of the amniochorionic membrane over a uterine synechia. These benign sheets of tissue should not be confused with the amniotic-band syndrome.     

Obstetrical magnetic resonance imaging: maternal anatomy

Eleven patients whose pregnancies were at 34-36 weeks of gestational development underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Images of the maternal pelvis were assessed for anatomical changes of pregnancy in comparison with MR images of five non-pregnant volunteers. The relationship of the fetal presenting part to the internal os of the cervix was seen in all patients. Effacement of the cervix was identified when present. The maternal spine demonstrated disk abnormalities in nine patients. Changes in venous flow patterns were readily identified in all patients. The inferior vena cava was flattened or obliterated, a high signal was present in the iliac vessels (TE 56), and large collateral vessels were present.