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61.
Abrahamsen A. Foss; Hannisdal E.; Nome O.; Holte H.; Hager B.; Langholm R; Kvaloy S. 《Annals of oncology》1996,7(2):145-150
Background: We concluded a program in which we administeredradiotherapy only to clinical stages I and II Hodgkin's diseasepatients at standard risk, with the addition of 4 cycles ofcombination chemotherapy before radiotherapy for high-risk patients. Patients and methods: From 1980 to 1991, 313 patients with clinicalstages I or II Hodgkin's disease underwent treatment in ourhospital. Fifty percent of the patients in groups previouslyidentified as being at high risk for relapse received 4 cyclesof combination chemotherapy before radiotherapy. The remaininghalf of the patients received radiotherapy only. Results: Low- and high-risk patients aged 1559 yearshad, respectively, complete remission (CR) rates of 97% and94%, 5-year survivals of 95% and 91%, and 5-year freedom fromrelapse (FFR) rates of 78% and 89%. Older low- and high-riskgroups had CR rates of 97% and 93%, 5-year survivals of 60%and 56% and 5-year FFR of 77% and 93%, respectively. Conclusion: Here we present our favorable results after treatingstandard-risk patients with clinical stages I and II Hodgkin'sdisease with radiotherapy only. With the addition of chemotherapy,the rate of relapse in the high-risk patients was reduced belowthat of the standard-risk patients. Overall survival was thesame for the high- and standard-risk patients. adjuvant chemotherapy, Hodgkin's disease, radiotherapy, stages I and II 相似文献
62.
Jacobsen KD Fosså SD Bjøro TP Aass N Heilo A Stenwig AE 《European urology》2002,42(3):229-38; discussion 237-8
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate gonadal function and fertility in patients with bilateral testicular cancer (TC). METHODS: In 1999, 63 patients with bilateral invasive TC or carcinoma in situ (CIS) in the contralateral testis completed a mailed questionnaire evaluating their fatherhood (Cases). Their gonadal function had also been assessed after the first orchiectomy for TC before further treatment.The results were compared with those from 174 patients with unilateral TC (Controls). RESULTS: In Cases the post-orchiectomy serum levels of FSH and LH were above those of the Controls (p<0.001). Serum testosterone was similar, whereas sperm concentrations were lower in Cases (p<0.001). In Cases with metachronous invasive TC the level of serum FSH was associated with the interval between the two diagnoses. After the first orchiectomy, 10 of 25 Cases (40%) initiated a pregnancy, in 4 Cases by assisted fertilization. In the Control group 74% of the patients who attempted fatherhood succeeded (p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: After unilateral orchiectomy for TC elevated serum FSH and/or oligospermia represent a high-risk factor of metachronous bilateral TC or synchronous CIS. At least one-third of these patients attempting fatherhood are successful after the first orchiectomy. Assisted fertilization is often necessary and the overall paternity rate is below that of patients with unilateral TC. 相似文献
63.
Distante S Elmberg M Foss Haug KB Ovstebø R Berg JP Kierulf P Hultcrantz R Bell H 《Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology》2003,38(8):871-877
BACKGROUND: The majority of hemochromatosis patients are homozygous for the HFE-C282Y mutation. However, less than half of C282Y homozygous subjects identified by population screening studies actually develop the disease. The cytokine TNF-alpha is implicated in the regulation of iron metabolism at different levels. Our aim was to study the role of TNF-alpha and its promoter polymorphisms in the phenotypic expression of hemochromatosis in individuals with and without the C282Y mutation. METHODS: We studied 4 groups of 10 subjects each: (1) C282Y homozygotes without clinical hemochromatosis; (2) C282Y homozygotes with hemochromatosis; (3) secondary hemochromatosis (without C282Y mutation); and (4) controls. Groups were age-matched and sex-matched. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the release of TNF-alpha was measured. Additionally, the G/A polymorphisms at position -238 and -308 of the TNF-alpha, gene were determined by PCR and RFLP analysis in 178 hemochromatosis patients and 41 controls. RESULTS: TNF-alpha production from PBMC at 8 and 24 h after increasing concentrations of LPS stimulation were similar in the four groups. The prevalence of TNF-alpha polymorphisms was similar in patients and controls. The prevalences of cirrhosis, siderosis, median s-ferritin and median ALT values were similar in patients with and without the TNF-alpha polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS: Neither TNF-alpha, released from PBMC nor the presence of TNF-alpha polymorphisms seem to be associated with disease manifestation in hemochromatosis. 相似文献
64.
Predictors of 'patient satisfaction' with hospitalization at a specialized cancer hospital in Norway are examined in this study. Two weeks after their last hospitalization, 2021 consecutive cancer patients were invited to rate their satisfaction with hospitalization, quality of life, anxiety and depression. Compliance rate was 72% (n = 1453). Cut-off levels separating dissatisfied from satisfied patients were defined. It was found that 92% of the patients were satisfied with their stay in hospital, independent of cancer type and number of previous admissions. Performance of nurses and physicians, level of information perceived, outcome of health status, reception at the hospital and anxiety independently predicted 'patient satisfaction'. The model explained 35% of the variance with an area under the curve of 0.76 of the Receiver Operator Curve. Cancer patients' satisfaction with their hospital stay was high, and predicted by four independently predictive variables related to the performance of caregivers. These suggest areas for further improvement in the healthcare service. 相似文献
65.
66.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the scorings of anxiety and depression assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A [Anxiety] and HADS-D [Depression]) with the scorings on the eight subscales of Short Form 36 (SF-36) and the Physical (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) assessed by the same patients. METHOD: In a cross-sectional study 736 long-term survivors after treatment for testicular cancer (TC) completed HADS and SF-36. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated on item and scale level to assess the associations between the HADS and the SF-36 scales and, in particular, between HADS and PCS and MCS, respectively. Independent predictors for PCS and MCS were identified by linear regression analysis. RESULTS: HADS-A and HADS-D were significantly associated with the SF-36 summary scales. HADS-A explained 5% of the variance of PCS and 49% of the variance of MCS. The comparable figures for HADS-D were 10% and 45%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis the HADS-D scoring independently predicted the level of PCS together with the patients' educational level, long-lasting working disability and age (variance: 30%). Both HADS-D and HADS-A remained independent parameters for MCS (variance: 58%) together with the patient's civil status. HADS-D item D4 ("slowed down") was similarly associated with both PCS and MCS. CONCLUSION: In univariate analyses HADS-D and HADS-A were statistically associated with PCS and MCS. The highest r values were observed for the associations between HADS and MCS, in particular between HADS-A and MCS. In the multivariate analyses HADS-D, but not HADS-A, contributed to PCS, whereas both HADS-A and HADS-D were associated with MCS. This pattern of different predictions of the summary scales of SF-36 supports a clinical practice that anxiety and depression should be assessed separately. Additional use of a self-rating instrument for depression and anxiety, such as HADS, is recommended when SF-36 is used for quality of life (QL) assessment. 相似文献
67.
Dilution of respiratory solutes in exhaled condensates 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Effros RM Hoagland KW Bosbous M Castillo D Foss B Dunning M Gare M Lin W Sun F 《American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine》2002,165(5):663-669
Most exhaled water is produced as gaseous water vapor, which can be collected in cooled condensers. The presence of nonvolatile solutes in these condensates suggests that droplets of respiratory fluid (RF) have also been collected. However, calculation of RF solute concentrations from condensates requires estimation of the dilution of RF droplets by water vapor. We used condensate electrolyte concentrations to calculate the dilution of RF droplets in condensates from 20 normal subjects. The total ionic concentration (conductivity) was 497 plus minus 68 (mean plus minus SEM) muM. Of this, 229 plus minus 43 muM was NH(4)(+), but little NH(4)(+) was collected from subjects with tracheostomies, indicating oral formation. The Na+ concentration in condensate ([Na+](cond)) averaged 242 plus minus 43 muM. Large variations in [Na(+)](cond) correlated well with variations of K+ in condensate ([K+](cond)) and Cl-) in condensate ([Cl-](cond)), and were attributed to differences in respiratory droplet dilution. Dividing condensate values of ([Na+] + [K+] ) by those of plasma indicated that RF represented between 0.01% and 2.00% of condensate volumes. Calculated values for Na+, K+, Cl-, lactate, and protein in RF were [Na+](RF) = 91 +/- 8 mM, [K+](RF) = 60 +/- 11 mM, [Cl-](RF) = 102 +/- 17 mM, [lactate](RF) = 44 +/- 17 mM, and [protein](RF) = 7.63 +/- 1.82 g/dl, respectively. 相似文献
68.
Long-term risk of second malignancy after treatment of Hodgkin's disease: the influence of treatment, age and follow-up time. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A Foss Abrahamsen A Andersen O Nome A B Jacobsen H Holte J Foss Abrahamsen S Kval?y 《Annals of oncology》2002,13(11):1786-1791
BACKGROUND: To quantify the long-term risk of second cancers (SCs) up to 30 years after primary treatment for Hodgkin's disease (HD) Material and methods In the period 1968 to 1985, an unselected population of 1024 patients started treatment for HD at the Norwegian Radium Hospital (NRH) and were followed for SC from 1969 through 1998 by The Norwegian Cancer Registry. The median age at diagnosis of HD was 40 years, and the median time at follow-up was 14 years. RESULTS: Of 197 SCs, 14 were acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), 31 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 152 solid cancers. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was significantly increased for SCs as a group, and for the subgroups ANLL, NHL, lung cancer, breast cancer, stomach cancer and melanoma. ANLL was related to heavy treatment with chemotherapy (CT) and combined CT and radiotherapy (RT), NHL was not treatment related, and solid tumors were related to radiotherapy only or combined RT and CT. The SIR of ANLL and NHL reached a peak between 5 and 10 years after treatment. Solid and non-solid tumors increased with young age at diagnosis of HD and solid tumors increased with follow-up time up to 28 years CONCLUSION: In a long-term follow-up study of HD patients of all ages, the SIR of solid tumors was high in patients treated at young age and decreased with increasing age. Most solid tumors had started within or at the edge of the irradiated field, and SIR of solid tumors increased even 20-30 years after diagnosis. 相似文献
69.
Haug RH Foss J 《Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics》2000,90(2):126-134
Approximately 22 million children are injured in the United States annually. Children are uniquely susceptible to craniofacial trauma because of their greater cranial-mass-to-body ratio. The pediatric population sustains 1% to 14.7% of all facial fractures. The majority of these injuries are encountered by boys (53.7% - 80%) who are involved in motor vehicle accidents (up to 80.2%). The incidence of other systemic injury concomitant to facial trauma is significant (10.4% - 88%). The management of the pediatric patient with maxillofacial injury should take into consideration the differences in anatomy and physiology between children and adults, the presence of concomitant injury, the particular stage in growth and development (anatomic, physiologic, and psychologic), and the specific injuries and anatomic sites that the injuries affect. This comprehensive review, based on the last 25 years of the world's English-speaking surgical literature, presents current thoughts on the anatomic and physiologic differences between adults and children, a synopsis of childhood growth and development, and an overview of state-of-the-art management of the pediatric patient who has sustained maxillofacial injury. 相似文献
70.