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101.
Williams TN; Maitland K; Phelps L; Bennett S; Peto TE; Viji J; Timothy R; Clegg JB; Weatherall DJ; Bowden DK 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1997,90(12):751-757
We studied the aetiology of malnutrition in a cohort of 1511 children <
10 years old in Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu. Malnutrition was categorized using
standard anthropometric criteria as: underweight [weight-for-age (WA) Z
score < -2], wasting [weight-for-height (WH) Z < -2], or stunting
[height-for-age (HA) Z < -2]. On multiple logistic regression analysis,
the only factors significantly associated with wasting were age < 5
years [OR (95% CI) 1.8 (1.2-2.9), p = 0.01] and having suffered one or more
episodes of clinical P. vivax malaria in the 6 months preceding nutritional
assessment [OR 2.4 (1.3-4.4), p = 0.006]. The incidence of P. vivax
infection was significantly higher during the 6 months preceding assessment
in underweight vs. non-underweight children [incidence rate ratio (IRR) 2.6
(1.5-4.4), p < or = 0.0001). These groups had similar incidences of
clinical P. falciparum infection during the same period [IRR 1.1 (0.57-2.1)
p = 0.8] and of either species during the 6 months following assessment
[IRR P. vivax 1.3 (0.9- 2.0) p = 0.2; IRR P. falciparum 1.3 (0.9-1.9) p =
0.2]. In these children, P. vivax malaria was a major predictor of acute
malnutrition; P. falciparum was not. Wasting neither predisposed to nor
protected against malaria of either species. Although P. vivax malaria is
generally regarded as benign, it may produce considerable global mortality
through malnutrition.
相似文献
102.
Severe malaria in children in Papua New Guinea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Allen SJ; O'Donnell A; Alexander ND; Clegg JB 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(10):779-788
The clinical features of severe falciparum malaria and risk factors for
mortality were studied in 489 children admitted with malaria to Madang
Hospital, Papua New Guinea. The most common severe manifestations of
malaria were severe anaemia (22%) and coma (16%). Children with severe
anaemia were younger than those with coma (median age 2.2 vs. 3.7 years)
and had been ill for longer before admission (median 7 vs. 4 days,
respectively). Although the clinical features of coma in Madang children
with malaria resembled closely those reported in African children,
mortality was lower (8% vs. 17-25%, respectively). Overall, 17 (3.5%)
children died, most within 12 h of admission. A high level of plasma
lactate (> or = 5 mmol/l) was common (20%) and was the major predictor
of death in multiple regression analysis. Raised plasma creatinine and
decreased plasma bicarbonate were also independent predictors of mortality.
Coma was not predictive of death, although a high proportion of children
with profound coma died. Investigation of the causes of acidosis in
children with malaria is a high research priority. In view of the short
time interval between admission and death in many children, emphasis must
be placed on the prevention or early recognition and treatment of acidosis
in the district health clinic as well as the central hospital.
相似文献
103.
B Detournay M Pechevis M Mane B Bussel JN Bail JB Tiebaut 《Annales de Réadaptation et de Médecine Physique》1998,41(8):491-497
A medicoeconomic evaluation of continuous intrathecal baclofen (Lioresal®) infusion for symptomatic treatment of severe spinal spasticity was realised using a monocentric, comparative, retrospective approach where subjects were their own controls (n = 22). Study results confirm the efficacy of baclofen on symptoms, functional status of patients and on a non specific quality of life scale. Conversely, use of baclofen lead to a 67% increase of average annual costs of care for these patients and reaches around 173,500 French francs (~29,000 US$)/year. Such a cost seems to be acceptable with respect to clinical benefits. © 1998 Elsevier, Paris 相似文献
104.
胎儿和新生儿同种免疫性血小板减少症(alloimmune thrombocytopenia,AIT)的发生是由于胎儿的血小板特异性抗原刺激母体产生同种抗体而引起的。胎儿的这种特异性抗原来源于父亲。通常,胎儿和新生儿发生严重AIT绝大多数是由于胎儿-母体PIA1抗原不相容所致,估计这种病例有20%可并发颅内出血。最近,在挪威和苏格兰进行的AIT发生率的前瞻性研究中发现因PIA1所致的新生儿AIT的发病率大约是1%。由于AIT与其他病因引起的新生儿血小板减少症的治疗方法不同,故对AIT的快速诊断将有助于患儿获得最佳治疗。本研究比较了血清学诊断为AIT的新生儿与血清学不支持诊断为 相似文献
105.
胎儿和新生儿同种异体免疫性血小板减少症(AIT)是引起胎儿和新生儿严重血小板减少的最常见原因.母亲针对源自父亲的胎儿血小板抗原的IgG抗体,在妊娠早期就可通过胎盘,通常导致胎儿严重血小板减少.由于一些血小板减少症临界值(50、100或150×109/L)的不同,他们的发生率亦各不相同.但在多数未经选择的人群中,AIT影响1/1 000到1/2 000活产数.在新生儿病房,临床确诊的重症AIT很罕见,可能只有1:10 000分娩数. 相似文献
106.
Group a streptococcal antigens cross-reactive with myocardium. Purification of heart-reactive antibody and isolation and characterization of the streptococcal antigen 总被引:25,自引:17,他引:25 下载免费PDF全文
Heart-reactive antibody (HRA) appears in the sera of experimental animals inoculated with group A streptococci as well as patients with acute rheumatic fever. Adsorption of either serum with group A streptococcal membranes will remove the HRA. Blocking experiments between these two types of HRAs have demonstrated that the antibodies are directed towards different antigenic determinants on either the same or different molecules. To isolate and purify the antigen from the group A streptococcus cross-reactive with sarcolemmal sheaths of cardiac myofibers, it became necessary to purify the HRA from rheumatic fever patients’ sera. Isolated gamma globulin containing all of the HRA was adsorbed onto human sarcolemmal sheaths. The specific HRA was released by using potassium iodide. Over 99 percent of the purified HRA was shown to bind the sarcolemmal sheath whereas less than 1 percent of the antibody would bind nonspecifically to other material. Preparations of group A streptococcal membrane will bind HRA purified from the sera of acute rheumatic patients at levels of 97 percent or greater. The cross-reactive antigen solubilized by nonionic detergent was purified 120-fold by column chromatography. On sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide electrophoresis, the antigen was demonstrated to be composed of four polypeptides with mol wt of 32,000, 28,000, 26,000, and 22,000 daltons, respectively. Only proteolytic enzymes could destroy the antigenic determinant whereas glycosidases and lipases had no effect. The purified antigen blocked the binding of purified HRA to normal human heart sections. 相似文献
107.
JB Robins MRCOG 《International journal of clinical practice》1995,49(3):164-165
SUMMARY A case of cord presentation associated with the presence of a complex true knot is described and the aetiology and risks reconsidered. 相似文献
108.
Prevalence of cytomegalovirus antibody in hemophiliacs and homosexuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We determined the prevalence of antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV) in the sera of non-homosexual hemophilia patients and homosexual men infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). CMV antibody testing by latex agglutination revealed 33 of 58 HIV-1 infected hemophiliacs (57%) were antibody-positive compared with 54 of 54 HIV-1 infected asymptomatic non-hemophiliac homosexuals (100%) (p less than .001). Nine of 15 hemophiliacs (60%) with symptomatic HIV-1 infection were CMV antibody-positive. We also tested 22 HIV-1 antibody-negative hemophiliacs who had received non-heat treated factor concentrates. 14 of these 22 (64%) were CMV antibody-positive compared with 57% of HIV-1 antibody-positive hemophiliacs. We conclude 1) there is little correlation between transmission of HIV-1 and CMV by factor concentrates, 2) the presence of CMV antibody does not appear to be associated with clinical stage of HIV-1 infection in hemophiliacs, and 3) there may be a significant number of CMV antibody-negative hemophiliacs with HIV-1 infection at risk for primary infection and subsequent disease if CMV seronegative blood products are not provided for future transfusions. 相似文献
109.
Jonathan T. Unkart Matthew A. Allison Michael H. Criqui Mary M. McDermott Alexis C. Wood Aaron R. Folsom Donald Lloyd-Jones Laura J. Rasmussen-Torvik Norrina Allen Gregory Burke Moyses Szklo Mary Cushman Robyn L. McClelland Christina L. Wassel 《American journal of preventive medicine》2019,56(2):262-270
110.
Hans HCM Savelberg Nicolaas C Schaper Paul JB Willems Ton LH de Lange Kenneth Meijer 《BMC musculoskeletal disorders》2009,10(1):16