Evaluation of Liver and Renal Toxicity in Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy for Somatostatin Receptor Expressing Tumors: A 2-Year Follow-Up

BackgroundPeptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with radiolabeled somatostatin receptor (SSR) analogs is now an established systemic treatment for neuroendocrine tumors (NET). However, more short- and long-term data about renal and hepatotoxicity is needed. Here we present our experience in this clinical scenario.MethodsEighty-six patients with progressive SSR-expressing malignancies underwent PRRT with Lu-177 Dotatate and were followed up for up to 2 years. Laboratory tests were done 1 week before each cycle and every 2 months at follow-up. Hepatic and renal toxicity was determined based on NCI CTCAE V5.0.Results55/86 (64%) patients completed all 4 cycles of PRRT; 18/86 (20.9%) are currently being treated; 13/86 (15.1%) had to discontinue PRRT: 4/13 (31%) due to hematologic toxicity, 9/13 (69%) due to non-PRRT-related comorbidities. Out of the patients who finished treatment, only transient grade 2 toxicities were observed during PRRT: hypoalbuminemia in 5.5% (3/55), and renal toxicity (serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate) in 1.8% (1/55). No grade 3 or 4 liver and renal toxicity occurred. Patients presenting with impaired liver or renal function prior to PRRT, either improved or had stable findings. No deterioration was observed.ConclusionPeptide receptor radionuclide therapy does not have a negative impact on liver and renal function, even in patients with pre-existing impaired parameters. No grade 3 or 4 hepatic or renal toxicity was identified. Only transient grade 2 hypoalbuminemia in 5.5% and nephrotoxicity in 1.8% of patients were seen during PRRT.     

Very Low Alcohol Consumption Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The role of moderate alcohol consumption in the evolution of NAFLD is still debated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of current and lifelong alcohol consumption in patients with NAFLD. From 2015 to 2020, we enrolled 276 consecutive patients fulfilling criteria of NAFLD (alcohol consumption up to 140 g/week for women and 210 g/week for men). According to their current alcohol intake per week, patients were divided in: abstainers, very low consumers (C1: <70 g/week) and moderate consumers (C2). We created a new tool, called LACU (Lifetime Alcohol Consuming Unit) to estimate the alcohol exposure across lifetime: 1 LACU was defined as 7 alcohol units per week for 1 drinking year. Patients were divided into lifelong abstainers and consumers and the latter furtherly divided into quartiles: Q1-Q4. Stratification according to alcohol intake, both current and cumulative as estimated by LACU, showed that very low consumers (C1 and Q1-Q3) displayed lower frequency of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma compared to abstainers and moderate consumers (C2 and Q4). We can speculate that up to one glass of wine daily in the context of a Mediterranean diet may be a long-term useful approach in selected NAFLD patients.     

PDCA循环理论对医疗服务质量管理的效果观察

目的分析医疗服务质量管理中运用计划、执行、检查以及调整(PDCA)循环理论的实际效果。方法2017年1月—2017年12月期间在医院未实施PDCA循环理论从中选取200例住院患者作为对照组,2018年1月—2019年6月期间在医院实施PDCA循环理论从中选取200例住院患者作为观察组,对比两组患者相关指标。结果相较于对照组,医疗费用、就医环境、诊治过程、医疗技术、护士服务态度、医生服务态度和满意度观察组评分均显著较高(P<0.05);病历书写合格率和处方书写合格率观察组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论PDCA循环理论应用于医疗服务质量管理中的效果显著,各维度得分均较高,提升了满意度,且加强了病历书写合格率和处方书写合格率。     

经尿道前列腺电气化术结合电切术治疗前列腺增生83例分析

目的：探讨经尿道前列腺电气化术结合电切术治疗前列腺增生（BPH）并提高其安全性及有效性。方法：使用德国WOLF F24连续冲洗气化电切镜对83例BPH患者进行了经尿道前列腺电气化术加电切术治疗。结果：平均手术时间69min,无尿失禁和死亡病例,术后随访3～36个月,国际前列腺症状评分平均9.4分,残余尿量平均为21.7ml。结论：先用铲状气化切割圈切除增生的大部分前列腺组织,并进行快速、有效的止血,再用电切环修切,可快速切除增生的前列腺组织,安全有效,并发症少,值得广泛推广。     

基于多层次集成学习的骨质疏松辅助诊断研究

目的 原发性骨质疏松是一种起病隐匿、病程较长,在中老年人中高发的疾病,其可引起包括骨折在内的一系列严重症状,是我国中老年人致残致死的主要原因之一。与骨质疏松相关的生理检验指标有很多,如何筛选利用这些指标为诊断服务、建立诊断模型,尚未有成熟、统一的方法。方法 利用人工智能相关技术,对临床骨质疏松患者指标使用多种特征相关性算法进行特征选择,并在此基础上提出了一种多层次的集成学习框架：SAB-SVMKNN算法,其通过将内部同质学习器集成和外部异质学习器集成结合,将集成学习中的Boosting算法和Bagging算法使用Stacking进行集成,构建性能更强,适应性更好地诊断预测模型。结果 使用特征选择从原始数据中的31项临床指标中筛选了对于骨质疏松最重要的8种相关特征,通过这种方式使各模型准确率平均提高了9.2%,且该研究对应的模型准确率提升18.6%,最终达到了94.8%的准确率。结论 特征选择对于临床诊断和骨质疏松疾病的研究具有重要意义,该研究构建的预测模型可以有助于提高医生的诊断准确率。     

Incisional hernia and fascial defect following laparoscopic surgery

Complications involving the abdominal wall, particularly incisional hernias, were not expected when laparoscopic procedures were first introduced. With the increasing number of laparoscopies in abdominal surgery, more incisional hernias are observed. The authors report 13 cases of umbilical incisional hernia, which occurred late after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and one case of omental procidentia through a lateral port, which occurred early after laparoscopic hernia repair with the transabdominal preperitoneal technique. There are 4 men and 10 women (mean age, 59.8 years; range, 40-74 years). Between March 1991 and December 1997, a total of 1,287 patients underwent laparoscopic operations at the Surgical Department of the Gradenigo Hospital in Turin, Italy. Incisional hernia incidence is 1%. Risk factors, such as chronic bronchitis or weight increase, which give rise to endoabdominal pressure, are present in some cases. Malnutrition may have a major role in many cases. Calculi larger than 15 mm are also seen frequently. Postlaparoscopy incisional hernia is generally a minor complication--only once did its occurrence cause a strangulated hernia. All precautions, including fascial suturing, must be taken to reduce the 1% incidence of postoperative incisional hernias.     

1992—2010年 N-花生四烯酰乙醇胺研究文献计量分析

摘 要：通过文献计量学方法分析内源性大麻素 N-花生四烯酰乙醇胺（anandamide,AEA）的研究现状。以 anandamide 为关键词在 ISI Web of Knowledge 数据库中检索相关文献,对其发表时间、语种、作者、期刊来源、学科类别和被引用次数等进行分析。共检索相关文献3 015篇,主要作者、国家、期刊、学科类别、发表时间依次为：Di Marzo V（220篇）、美国（1 254篇）、Br J Pharmacol（189篇）、生物化学与分子生物学类（2 631篇）、2009年（318篇）。AEA 领域的研究正逐渐受到世界各国研究者的重视,但其产业化、规模化发展还需要很长的发展过程。     

胃镜活检组织P53和C-erbB-2同步检测的意义

目的 分析P53和C-erbB-2在胃癌和肠化生组织中表达的差异，以期有助于筛检胃癌高危人群及临床早期诊断。方法 以免疫组化ABC法对15例正常黏膜、16例轻度肠化生、15例中度肠化生、13例重度肠化生和14例胃癌组织进行同步检测。结果 P53和C-erbB-2免疫组化阳性在胃癌组织中分别是8／14(57．1％)和7／14(50％)。胃癌组中P53和C-erbB-2双重表达免疫组化阳性的敏感性是28．6％，特异性是100％；P53和(或)C-erbB-2(合并表达)表达免疫组化阳性的敏感性是84．6％，特异性是88．1％。结论 C-erbB-2特异性高，临床上可用作胃癌肿瘤诊断的标记物。P53和C-erbB02双重表达在胃癌早期诊断中可作为一种辅助手段，合并表达能在临床活检筛检高危人群中起作用。     

脓毒症患者肝功能变化与病情严重度及预后的关系

目的探讨脓毒症患者肝功能变化与病情严重度及预后的相关性。方法将2009年5月~2012年5月入住我院有完整临床资料的脓毒症患者126例分成死亡组(A组,n=35)和存活组(B组,n=91),分析比较两组患者主要肝功能指标的差异及主要肝功能指标异常与病情严重度(APACHE-Ⅲ评分)的关系。同时,根据APACHE-Ⅲ评分的三分位数分为Ⅰ组(n=16)、Ⅱ组(n=83)和Ⅲ组(n=27),分析比较不同分值组间肝功能主要指标的差异性。结果①死亡组患者与肝功能相关的主要指标:死亡组的总胆红素(TBIL)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、总胆汁酸(TBA)明显高于存活组(P<0.01),而白蛋白(ALB)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)明显低于存活组(P<0.01)。②APACHE-Ⅲ评分Ⅲ组的TBIL、ALT、AST、TBA高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.01),而Ⅲ组的ALB、CHE低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.01)。③APACHE-Ⅲ评分与TBIL、ALT、AST、TBA呈正相关(P<0.01),与ALB、CHE呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论与肝功能相关的主要指标ALB、TBIL、ALT、AST、CHE和TBA的检测对判断脓毒症患者的预后及评估病情严重度有一定指导意义。