榆耳多糖对动物免疫功能的影响

目的：研究榆耳多糖对动物免疫功能的影响。方法：通过体外培养淋巴细胞增殖试验,快速免疫比浊法测定免疫球蛋白G、A、M的含量试验;对大鼠免疫器官脾脏重量的影响试验,证明其免疫提高作用。结果：高剂量组与对照组相比,淋巴细胞增殖试验有显著差异（P〈0．01）,体液免疫实验及免疫器官脾脏重量试验有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论：榆耳多糖具有提高动物免疫力的作用。     

温针灸结合手法治疗椎动脉型颈椎病32例观察

目的：观察大椎穴温针灸结合手法治疗椎动脉型颈椎病的疗效。方法：治疗组32例采用大椎穴温针灸结合手法治疗,对照组30例用电针夹脊穴治疗。每周治疗6次,12天为一疗程。治疗2个疗程后观察疗效。结果：治疗组总有效率93．75％,对照组80．00％,两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论：大椎穴温针灸结合手法治疗椎动脉型颈椎病疗效明显。     

Effect of berberine on the pharmacokinetics of substrates of CYP3A and P‐gp

The in vivo effects of berberine (BBR), the widely used bioactive herbal ingredient from many traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, on the pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine (CBZ, a substrate of CYP3A) and its metabolite carbamazepine 10,11‐epoxide (ECBZ), digoxin (DIG, a substrate of P‐gp) and cyclosporine A (CsA, a dual substrate of CYP3A and P‐gp) were evaluated in rats. After a 2‐week pretreatment with BBR, the pharmacokinetic parameters of i.g. administered CBZ and ECBZ were not significantly altered. The pharmacokinetics of i.v. administered DIG was not modified by single and 2‐week pretreatments with BBR, but a dose‐dependent increase in AUC and C_max was observed in the i.g. administered DIG parameters in rats. The AUCs of DIG with BBR (30 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg) were 133%, 170% (single) and 123%, 169% (2‐week) of control, respectively. The AUC and C_max of i.g. administered CsA with a 2‐week pretreatment with BBR increased by 62% and 43% (BBR 30 mg/kg, p < 0.05), 96% and 60% (BBR 100 mg/kg, p < 0.01), compared with the control. In conclusion, berberine produced a dose‐dependent increased bioavailability of digoxin and cyclosporine A by inhibition of intestinal P‐gp. No significant changes in CYP3A activity by berberine were observed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Optimization of Mix Proportion Design for SCC: Experimental Study and Grey Relational Analysis

The optimization of mix proportions based on the targeted fresh and hardened performances of self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a foundation for its transition from laboratory research to industrial production. In this paper, the mix proportions of various SCC mixtures were designed by the absolute volume method with changes in the content of river sand and manufactured sand, the content of fly ash and granulated ground blast furnace slag (GGBS) and the maximum particle sizes of coarse aggregates. This experimental study was carried out to verify the workability, density and cubic compressive strength of SCC. The results show that SCC demonstrated good performance with appropriate mix proportions of manufactured sand and river sand. A hybrid effect of fly ash and GGBS appeared on the fresh performance of SCC with a constant strength, and the coarse aggregate with a smaller maximum particle size was beneficial to the workability but detrimental to the compressive strength of SCC. Finally, the optimization of the mix proportion of SCC was evaluated by grey relational analysis, in which the weight of the indicators was determined by the entropy method to improve the evaluation credibility. As a result, the optimal mix proportions of SCC were selected.     

Mid-term results of hybrid arch repair for DeBakey type I aortic dissection

<正>To the Editor: Total aortic arch replacement (TAR) is a surgical procedure associated with significant perioperative risks, leading to a higher rate of mortality and neurologic complications. Ascendin     

Patient-derived non-small cell lung cancer xenograft mirrors complex tumor heterogeneity

Objective:Patient-derived xenograft(PDX)models have shown great promise in preclinical and translational applications,but their consistency with primary tumors in phenotypic,genetic,and pharmacodynamic heterogeneity has not been well-studied.This study aimed to establish a PDX repository for non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and to further elucidate whether it could preserve the heterogeneity within and between tumors in patients.Methods:A total of 75 surgically resected NSCLC specimens were implanted into immunodeficient NOD/SCID mice.Based on the successful establishment of the NSCLC PDX model,we compared the expressions of vimentin,Ki67,EGFR,and PD-L1 proteins between cancer tissues and PDX models using hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining.In addition,we detected whole gene expression profiling between primary tumors and PDX generations.We also performed whole exome sequencing(WES)analysis in 17 first generation xenografts to further assess whether PDXs retained the patient heterogeneities.Finally,paclitaxel,cisplatin,doxorubicin,atezolizumab,afatininb,and AZD4547 were used to evaluate the responses of PDX models to the standard-of-care agents.Results:A large collection of serially transplantable PDX models for NSCLC were successfully developed.The histology and pathological immunohistochemistry of PDX xenografts were consistent with the patients’tumor samples.WES and RNA-seq further confirmed that PDX accurately replicated the molecular heterogeneities of primary tumors.Similar to clinical patients,PDX models responded differentially to the standard-of-care treatment,including chemo-,targeted-and immuno-therapeutics.Conclusions:Our established PDX models of NSCLC faithfully reproduced the molecular,histopathological,and therapeutic characteristics,as well as the corresponding tumor heterogeneities,which provides a clinically relevant platform for drug screening,biomarker discovery,and translational research.     

白内障超声乳化术后滴用糖皮质激素对眼压的影响

目的 观察超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶体植入术后患者滴用糖皮质激素对眼压的影响。方法 将101例（101只眼）接受超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶体植入手术的老年性白内障患者分为3组，分别滴用碘必殊、百力特或迪非滴眼液1个月，观察视力、眼内反应、眼压和前房角变化。结果 3组患者术后1个月视力恢复满意，眼内反应轻，眼压无增高，3组比较差异均无显著性（均P〉0．05）。3组手术后眼压均低于术前，差异有显著性（分别F=3．401，3．721和2．826，均P〈0．05），3组内随滴用眼药水时间延长。眼压呈下降趋势。但差异无显著性（分别F=0．133。1．386和0．582。均P〉0．05）。前房角手术前后无明显变化。结论 老年性白内障患者行超声乳化手术后1个月内，滴用糖皮质激素是有效和安全的。与滴用非甾体类抗炎药效果一样。     

中国女性面部老化征象的季节性研究及日常光防护对其的影响

大量文献报道,日光照射会对人皮肤造成各种损伤,例如,皮肤色素沉着问题,多种明显的面部老化征象等.与此同时,日光引起的光老化还会加速和(或)改变皮肤自然老化进程.然而,对于不同的种族,其自然老化和光老化所致的皮肤渐进性变化有差异,这些差异可以在不同种族的皮肤老化图谱、书籍中找到.2015年《中华皮肤科杂志》医学简讯栏目曾报道“日光对白种人皮肤老化可见临床征象的影响”,该研究在日光充足的法国南部招募了生活习惯不同的两组女性志愿者(“sun-seekers”与“sun-phobic”),通过对比她们面部老化征象的临床图片,发现皮肤色素沉着相关的临床参数与光老化联系最紧密,而与年龄的相关性较弱.