A multi-resolution textural approach to diagnostic neuropathology reporting

Journal of Neuro-Oncology - We present a computer aided diagnostic workflow focusing on two diagnostic branch points in neuropathology (intraoperative consultation and p53 status in tumor biopsy...     

重症监护病房革兰阴性菌耐药现状研究

目的：了解我院重症监护病房分离菌株对常用抗生素的耐药现状。方法：采用琼脂双倍稀释法测定从我院重症监护病房分离的230株革兰阴性菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC），并采用抑制剂增强的纸片扩散法测定大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌超广谱β－内酰胺酶（ESBLs)。结果：50株肺炎克雷伯菌和17株大肠埃希菌中ESBLs阳性率为62．1％。阴沟肠杆菌、产ESBLs的大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对三代头孢、庆大霉素、阿米卡星的耐药率≥50％。而对碳青霉烯类非常敏感。铜绿假单胞菌对各种抗菌药物均有一定的耐药性。嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌对碳青霉烯类耐药率达100％。结论：受试的230株革兰阴性菌对三代头孢、复合青霉素、氨基糖苷类和环丙沙星的总耐药率≥30％。CPZ／SB和头孢吡肟、碳青霉烯类耐药率较低。     

联合术式治疗女性出口处梗阻性便秘57例

1临床资料我们1999-06/2004-10收治女性出口处梗阻性便秘176例,其中耻骨直肠肌肥厚、直肠黏膜内脱垂、直肠前突三者并存57例,占32.4%,均为经产妇;年龄26～76岁,分娩1～5胎;病程1～32 a.合理的肠道及阴道准备,体位为膀胱截石位.用络合碘消毒阴道及肛管直肠腔.     

Caesarean scar pregnancy: hysterotomy is rapid and safe management option

Caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is implantation of the gestational sac within the hysterotomy scar. Ultrasound is the main diagnostic tool. Early diagnosis and termination of pregnancy is crucial to avoid the risk of uterine rupture. The termination modalities available are dilatation and curettage, methotrexate therapy, hysteroscopy, uterine artery embolization and laparotomy. We present a case of undisturbed CSP which presented at 6 weeks + 6 days gestation. Our management was termination of pregnancy by exploratory laparotomy and hysterotomy for excision of the mass. The postoperative period was uneventful and there was rapid decline of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin to the normal level.     

Analysis of pterygium size and induced corneal astigmatism

PURPOSE: To study the relationship between pterygium size (extension, width, total area) and corneal astigmatism in eyes with unilateral primary pterygium. Also to determine the critical size for surgery before the occurrence of a significant corneal astigmatism. METHODS: This study was conducted on 77 eyes of 77 patients with unilateral primary pterygium. The extension and width were measured and the total area was calculated. Automated keratometry was used to determine corneal astigmatism. RESULTS: Pterygium extension ranged from 0.25 to 6.50 mm (mean, 2.0 +/- 1.2 mm), width ranged from 1.50 to 10.0 mm (mean, 4.19 +/- 1.5 mm), and total area ranged from 0.3 to 24.3 mm(2) (mean, 5.0 +/- 4.8 mm(2)). The mean value of corneal astigmatism was significantly (P < 0.0001) higher in pterygium-affected eyes (1.2 +/- 0.9 D) than control eyes (0.6 +/- 0.5 D). With-the-rule was the main type of pterygium-induced astigmatism (49.4%), followed by against-the-rule (36.4%) and oblique (14.3%). Pterygium extension had the best correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.462, P < 0.001), followed by total area (r = 0.447, P < 0.002) and width (r = 0.348, P < 0.002). A stronger correlation was noted between pterygium size and the difference in corneal astigmatism between pterygium-affected eyes and control eyes. Pterygium induced 2 D of corneal astigmatism when its extension exceeded 2.2 mm, width exceeded 5 mm, or total area exceeded 6.25 mm(2). CONCLUSIONS: Pterygium extension and total area have a stronger correlation with corneal astigmatism than does width. Surgical intervention is indicated when pterygium extension exceeded 2.2 mm, width exceeded 5 mm, or total area exceeded 6.25 mm(2).     

Inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase by fractions Crateva adansonii

ObjectiveTo study the inhibitory effect of various extracts from Crateva adansonii (C. adansonii) used traditionally against several inflammatory diseases such as rheumatism, arthritis, and gout, was investigated on purified bovine milk xanthine oxidase (XO) activity.MethodsXanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was assayed spectrophotometrically and the degree of enzyme inhibition was determined by measuring the increase in absorbance at 295 nm associated with uric acid formation. Enzyme kinetics was carried out using Lineweaver-Burk plots using xanthine as the substrate.ResultsAmong the fractions tested, the chloroform fraction exhibited highest potency (IC₅₀ 20.2±1.6 μg/mL) followed by the petroleum ether (IC₅₀ 30.1±2.2 μg/mL), ethyl acetate (IC₅₀ 43.9±1.4 μg/mL) and residual (IC₅₀ 98.0±3.3 μg/mL) fractions. The IC₅₀ value of allopurinol used, as the standard was 5.7±0.3 μg/mL.ConclusionsEnzyme inhibition mechanism indicated that the mode of inhibition was of a mixed type. Our findings suggest that the therapeutic use of these plants may be due to the observed Xanthine oxidase inhibition, thereby supporting their use in traditional folk medicine against inflammatory-related diseases, in particular, gout.     

硝基甘油对狗缺血区冠脉循环的作用

用实验性犬冠脉狭窄模型,冠脉内恒流灌注硝基甘油0.5μg/kg.min^-1,使冠脉血流量(CBF)增加、远端小动脉压(DCP)、冠脉血管总阻力(R_T)、小冠脉血管阻力(R_S)及冠状静脉低切血粘(η_b)减少;而主动脉压和心率无明显变化。恒流灌注硝基甘油1μg/kg.min^-1时,在开始5min内冠脉循环的变化同上,并伴大冠脉血管阻力(R_L)减少,10 min后出现CBF减少和R_T,R_{L及ηb增加。结果提示,硝基甘油有缓解和加重心肌缺血的双重作用,其作用可能与剂量张扩张远端小动脉压的程度有关。}     

大鼠牙胚发育中釉原蛋白的表达

0 引言 牙釉质是由一种特殊的、来源于原始口腔上皮的上皮细胞-成釉细胞分泌的. 牙齿的上皮细胞是以一种特殊的时空方式,分化成有一定功能的成釉细胞,它与来源于外胚间充质的成牙本质细胞的分化有密切的关系[1]. 釉原蛋白是一族基质相关蛋白,由成釉细胞在形成牙釉质时合成和分泌. 釉原蛋白具有非常复杂的生物学功能,迄今为止其确切的功能还不清楚[2],我们对大鼠牙胚发育的不同时期釉原蛋白的表达进行定位,为今后进一步研究釉原蛋白的生物学功能、釉质的生物矿化、细胞的分化奠定基础.     

小凹蛋白-1改善2型糖尿病小鼠内皮祖细胞血管生成的机制研究

目的 探究小凹蛋白-1（caveolin-1,Cav-1）是否通过调节PI3K/AKT表达改善2型糖尿病小鼠内皮祖细胞（endothelial progenitor cells, EPCs）血管生成能力的机制研究。方法 分离培养20只8周龄雄性2型糖尿病小鼠骨髓EPCs,通过免疫荧光染色法鉴定EPCs,并将细胞分为过表达组、沉默表达组、过表达空白载体组、沉默表达空白载体组及对照组。构建Cav-1基因过表达和沉默表达慢病毒载体,分别转染至各组EPCs。qPCR及Western-blotting检测转染后Cav-1、PI3K及AKT蛋白表达情况,并比较各组EPCs血管生成能力。结果 Western blot结果显示,过表达组Cav-1表达水平较过表达空白载体组升高（P＜0.001）,而过表达组PI3K表达水平较过表达空白载体组降低（P＜0.001）。沉默表达组Cav-1、PI3K、Phospho-PI3K及AKT的表达水平较沉默表达空白载体组均降低（P＜0.05）。EPCs功能检测结果显示,过表达组EPCs形成管状结构数和主干长度均低于过表达空白载体组（均P＜0.05）;沉默表达组EPCs形成管状结构数和主干长度均低于沉默表达空白载体组（均P＜0.05）。结论 Cav-1过表达和沉默表达均对EPCs血管生成能力产生抑制作用,PI3K/AKT通路可能参与Cav-1对EPCs功能的调节。