鼓槌石斛化学成分的研究

自中药鼓槌石斛(Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl.)茎中分离到5个化合物,经光谱(UV,IR,MS,¹HNMR,DIFNOE和¹³CNMR)分析,分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇(I)、鼓槌菲(chrysotoxene,II)、毛兰素(erianin,III)、毛兰菲(confusarin,IV)和鼓槌联苄(chrysotobibenzyl,V)。II是新化合物,V是新天然产物。     

刺蒺藜果中一种新桂皮酰胺类成分的分离和鉴定

从刺蒺藜(Tribulus terrestris L)果实中分得两个化合物,经理化常数测定和光谱(UV,IR,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,¹H-¹³CCOSY和MS)解析。化合物I鉴定为N-对羟基苯乙酮基-3-甲氧基-4-羟基取代桂皮酰胺,为一新化合物,命名为蒺藜酰胺(terrestriamide)。化合物II为8-甲基氢化茚酮-1,首次从该植物中获得。     

海南粗榧新碱衍生物HH07A对体外L1210细胞的杀伤作用

体外培养的小鼠L1210细胞被HH07A2μg·ml^-1作用24h后,与对照组细胞相比,其细胞数不再增长,有丝分裂数及集落形成率下降,细胞形态及细胞周期动力学均发生一定的变化。且HH07A大剂量短期作用抑制Ll210细胞集落形成的效率高于低剂量持续作用。     

Long-term experience with implanted intrathecal drug administration systems for failed back syndrome and chronic mechanical low back pain

Background  

Continuous intrathecal drug delivery has been shown in open studies to improve pain and quality of life in those with intractable back pain who have had spinal surgery. There is limited data on long term effects and and even less for patients with mechanical back pain without prior spinal surgery.     

Telephone counseling helps maintain long-term adherence to a high-vegetable dietary pattern

Achieving long-term adherence to a dietary pattern is a challenge in many studies investigating the relationship between diet and disease. The Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study was a multi-institutional randomized trial in 3088 women at risk for breast cancer recurrence. At baseline, the average participant followed a healthy dietary pattern of 7 vegetable and fruit servings, 21 g/d of fiber, and 28.7% energy from fat, although fat intake increased over the enrollment period. Using primarily telephone counseling, the intervention group was encouraged to substantially increase intakes of vegetables, fruits, and fiber while decreasing fat intake. Sets of 24-h dietary recalls were completed on 90% of eligible participants at 1 y and 86% at 4 y. Using a conservative imputation analysis, at 1 y, the intervention group consumed 38% more vegetable servings (100% when including juice) than the comparison group, 20% more fruit, 38% more fiber, 50% more legumes, and 30% more whole grain foods, with a 20% lower intake of energy from fat. At 4 y, the between-group differences were 65% for vegetables (including juice), 25% fruit, 30% fiber, 40% legumes, 30% whole grain foods, and 13% lower intake of energy from fat. The intervention effect on fat intake was similar for early vs. late enrollees. Plasma carotenoid concentrations on a random 28% sample validated self-reported vegetable and fruit intake, with a between-group difference of 66% at 1 y and over 40% at 4 y. This large change will allow testing of hypotheses on the role of dietary change in preventing additional breast cancer events.     

Taking refuge from modernity: 21st century hermits

Idiopathic environmental intolerances, such as ‘multiple chemical sensitivity’ and ‘electrosensitivity,’ can drastically affect the quality of life of those affected. A proportion of severely affected patients remove themselves from modern society, to live in isolation away from the purported causal agent of their ill health. This is not a new phenomenon; reports of hermits extend back to the 3^rd century AD. We conducted a literature review of case reports relating to ancient hermits and modern day reclusion resulting from idiopathic environmental intolerance, in order to explore whether there are similarities between these two groups and whether the symptoms of these ‘illnesses of modernity’ are simply a present-day way of reaching the end-point of reclusion. Whilst there were some differences between the cases, recurring themes in ancient and modern cases included: dissatisfaction with society, a compulsion to flee, reports of a constant struggle and a feeling of fighting against the establishment. The similarities which exist between the modern-day cases and the historical hermits may provide some insight into the extreme behaviours exhibited by this population. The desire to retreat from society in order to escape from harm has existed for many centuries, but in different guises.     

Human platelets exert cytotoxic effects on tumor cells

Monocytes are thought to play a role in host resistance to tumor cell growth in animals and humans. In addition, platelets are known to be involved in tumor metastases. To investigate the interaction of these two cell types and their effect on tumor cells, human monocytes and platelets were examined using an in vitro monocyte-tumor cell cytotoxicity assay. Monocytes alone resulted in 32% +/- 1.5 (mean +/- SEM) tumor cell kill. When platelets were added to monocytes in a 1:1 ratio, an increase in cytotoxicity to 61% +/- 3.2 was observed. The cytotoxicity noted when platelets were added to a fixed number of monocytes and tumor cells was dependent on the number of platelets added. A decrease in cytotoxicity from 32% +/- 1.5 to 12% +/- 2.3 was observed when contaminating platelets were removed from monocyte preparations. Platelets added to tumor cells in the absence of any monocytes were also toxic, resulting in a maximum kill of 95% at a 4:1 platelet/tumor cell ratio. Secreted products of freshly isolated platelets may be responsible for much of the observed cytotoxicity, since supernatants from the platelets were toxic for tumor cells. Platelets pretreated with a cyclooxygenase inhibitor (ASA) or a lipoxygenase inhibitor had decreased cytotoxicity compared with untreated platelets. Our results indicate that products of platelet arachidonate metabolism are toxic for tumor cell lines. They also suggest that the role of the platelet must be considered when studying monocyte-tumor cell cytotoxicity.