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111.
Milad Moloudizargari Frank Redegeld Mohammad Hossein Asghari Nariman Mosaffa Esmaeil Mortaz 《Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences》2020,28(2):647
BackgroundDespite the advances in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), complete remission is usually challenging. The interactions between tumor and host cells, in which exosomes (EXs) play critical roles, have been shown to be among the major deteriorative tumor-promoting factors herein. Therefore, any endeavor to beneficially target these EX-mediated interactions could be of high importance.Objectivesa) To investigate the effects of myeloma EXs on natural killer (NK) cell functions. b) To check whether treatment of myeloma cells with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), two polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids with known anti-cancer effects, can modify myeloma EXs in terms of their effects on natural killer functions.MethodsL363 cells were treated with either EPA or DHA or left untreated and the released EXs (designated as E-EX, D-EX and C-EX, respectively) were used to treat NK cells for functional studies.ResultsMyeloma EXs (C-EXs) significantly reduced NK cytotoxicity against K562 cells (P ≤ 0.05), while the cytotoxicity suppression was significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) in the (E-EX)- and (D-EX)-treated NK cells compared to the (C-EX)-treated cells. The expression of the activating NK receptor NKG2D and NK degranulation, after treatment with the EXs, were both altered following the same pattern. However, C-EXs could increase IFN-γ production in NK cells (P < 0.01), which was not significantly affected by EPA/DHA treatment. This indicates a dual effect of myeloma EXs on NK cells functions.ConclusionOur observations showed that myeloma EXs have both suppressive and stimulatory effects on different NK functions. Treatment of myeloma cells with EPA/DHA can reduce the suppressive effects of myeloma EXs while maintaining their stimulatory effects. These findings, together with the previous findings on the anti-cancer effects of EPA/DHA, provide stronger evidence for the repositioning of the currently existing EPA/DHA supplements to be used in the treatment of MM as an adjuvant treatment.Graphical abstract Open in a separate windowEXs released from L363 (myeloma) cells in their steady state increase IFN-γ production of NK cells, while reduce their cytotoxicity against the K562 cell line (right blue trace). EXs from L363 cells pre-treated with either EPA or DHA are weaker stimulators of IFN-γ production. These EXs also increase NK cytotoxicity and NKG2D expression (left brown trace) compared to the EXs obtained from untreated L363 cells. Based on these findings, myeloma EXs have both suppressive and stimulatory effects on different NK functions depending on the properties of their cells of origin, which can be exploited in the treatment of myeloma. 相似文献
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113.
Seyed Kaveh Hojjat Mahdi Rezaei Seyed Esmaeil Hatami Reyhaneh Ghaljooghi Mina Norozi Khalili 《Journal of family psychotherapy》2017,28(3):257-268
Many studies have been reported that higher levels of depression and anxiety in parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group resiliency training on anxiety, depression, and marital satisfaction in mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. This study was an experimental, pretest—post-test study with control group. Participants included 54 mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Mothers were randomly divided to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 group resiliency training sessions and then compared in changes in Beck depression and anxiety scale and the Enrich marital satisfaction scale. Results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed significant change in depression, anxiety, and marital satisfaction. Our study indicates that resiliency training can be considered as one the effective intervention for anxiety, depression, and marital satisfaction in these mothers. 相似文献
114.
Hadi Sarir Esmaeil Mortaz Willem. T. Janse Frans P. Nijkamp 《Biochemical pharmacology》2010,79(5):698-705
Macrophages are key inflammatory cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The pathophysiology of cigarette smoke-induced lung emphysema is complex but there is a clear role for reactive oxygen species (ROS, such as peroxynitrite), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-8. We investigated whether TNF-α or cigarette smoke medium (CSM) alone or in combination induces the production of IL-8 by human macrophages or monocyte lymphoma U937. CSM and TNF-α induce a dose- and time-dependent increase in IL-8 production. Interestingly, when sub-threshold concentrations of CSM and TNF-α were co-incubated, a 1500% increase in IL-8 production was observed compared to either of the compounds alone. Similar results were obtained with TNF-α and the peroxynitrite donor SIN-1. Moreover, the overproduction of IL-8 was associated with an enhanced increase in the translocation of NF-κB and an enhanced decrease in glutathione levels. Preincubation of the cells with antioxidants, such as N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), prevented the overproduction of IL-8 and activation of NF-κB.In conclusion, CSM exposure of macrophages up-regulates the expression and the production of IL-8 via reactive oxygen species and NF-κB activation. Moreover, CSM dramatically enhances the production of IL-8 in combination with TNF-α. Based upon the strong synergistic action, a combination therapy directed against ROS and TNF-α could be a new approach to stop the progression in lung damage during emphysema. 相似文献
115.
116.
Roya Kelishadi Mostafa Qorbani Ramin Heshmat Shirin Djalalinia Ali Sheidaei Saeid Safiri Nastaran Hajizadeh Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh Gelayol Ardalan Hamid Asayesh Morteza Mansourian 《Jornal de pediatria》2018,94(2):131-139
Objective
Childhood obesity has become a priority health concern worldwide. Socioeconomic status is one of its main determinants. This study aimed to assess the socioeconomic inequality of obesity in children and adolescents at national and provincial levels in Iran.Methods
This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011–2012, as part of a national school-based surveillance program performed in 40,000 students, aged 6–18-years, from urban and rural areas of 30 provinces of Iran. Using principle component analysis, the socioeconomic status of participants was categorized to quintiles. Socioeconomic status inequality in excess weight was estimated by calculating the prevalence of excess weight (i.e., overweight, generalized obesity, and abdominal obesity) across the socioeconomic status quintiles, the concentration index, and slope index of inequality. The determinants of this inequality were determined by the Oaxaca Blinder decomposition.Results
Overall, 36,529 students completed the study (response rate: 91.32%); 50.79% of whom were boys and 74.23% were urban inhabitants. The mean (standard deviation) age was 12.14 (3.36) years. The prevalence of overweight, generalized obesity, and abdominal obesity was 11.51%, 8.35%, and 17.87%, respectively. The SII for overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity was ?0.1, ?0.1 and ?0.15, respectively. Concentration index for overweight, generalized obesity, and abdominal obesity was positive, which indicate inequality in favor of low socioeconomic status groups. Area of residence, family history of obesity, and age were the most contributing factors to the inequality of obesity prevalence observed between the highest and lowest socioeconomic status groups.Conclusion
This study provides considerable information on the high prevalence of excess weight in families with higher socioeconomic status at national and provincial levels. These findings can be used for international comparisons and for healthcare policies, improving their programming by considering differences at provincial levels. 相似文献117.
Characterization of pharmacoresistance to benzodiazepines in the rat Li-pilocarpine model of status epilepticus 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Status epilepticus is usually initially treated with a benzodiazepine such as diazepam. During prolonged seizures, however, patients often lose their sensitivity to benzodiazepines, thus developing pharmacoresistant seizures. In rats, administration of LiCl followed 20–24 h later by pilocarpine induces a continuous, self-sustained, and reproducible form of status epilepticus that can be terminated with diazepam when it is administered soon after the pilocarpine injection. However, when administered after a 45 min delay, diazepam is less effective. Previous findings have suggested that the development of pharmacoresistance is related to the stage of status epilepticus. In the present study, we characterized the seizure stage-dependence of diazepam pharmacoresistance. Following administration of different doses of diazepam at varying time intervals after specific behaviorally- and electrographically-defined seizure stages, stage-, time-, and dose-dependent pharmacoresistance to diazepam developed. We also studied two other antiepileptic drugs commonly used in the treatment of status epilepticus, phenobarbital and phenytoin. Consistent with previous studies, our results indicated a similar relationship between stage, time and dose for phenobarbital, but not for phenytoin. Our data are consistent with rapid modulation of GABAA receptors during status epilepticus that may result in pharmacoresistance to antiepileptic drugs that enhance GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition. 相似文献
118.
Comparison of an ESAT-6/CFP-10 peptide-based enzyme-linked immunospot assay to a tuberculin skin test for screening of a population at moderate risk of contracting tuberculosis 下载免费PDF全文
Screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) with the Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST) has many limitations including false-positive results due to Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination. Three hundred ninety adult inmates with normal screening chest radiographs in a county jail were evaluated for LTBI using TST and an ESAT-6/CFP-10 peptide-based enzyme-linked immunospot assay (T-SPOT.TB). LTBI prevalence rates were 19.0% and 8.5% by T-SPOT.TB and TST, respectively. Overall agreement between test results was 82.8% (kappa = 0.29). Positive T-SPOT.TB results were significantly associated with increased age (odds ratio [OR], 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.06) and intravenous drug use history (OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.36 to 6.27). Positive TST results were significantly associated with increased age (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.09) and foreign birth (OR, 6.61; 95% CI, 1.98 to 22.01). Discordant covariates between the assay results included increased age (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94 to 0.99) and intravenous drug use history (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.88). T-SPOT.TB reactivity is unaffected by prior BCG vaccination. T-SPOT.TB may be more sensitive than TST in diagnosing LTBI among a moderate risk population of inmates, particularly those with intravenous drug use history. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess the positive predictive value of T-SPOT.TB in identifying those most likely to convert to active disease in general populations as well as in high-risk subpopulations. 相似文献
119.
Goodarzi Zahra Soleimanjahi Hoorieh Arefian Ehsan Saberfar Esmaeil 《Tumour biology》2016,37(3):3155-3161
Tumor Biology - Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays important roles in multiple cellular processes as well as cell survival and apoptosis. Perturbation of ER functions leads to ER stress and unfolded... 相似文献
120.
Fazel MR Yegane-Moghaddam A Forghani Z Aghadoost D Mahdian M Fakharian E 《International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology》2007,71(8):1235-1238
OBJECTIVE: Vomiting is one of the most important postoperative complications of adenotonsillectomy. This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of preoperative intravenous dexamethasone on postoperative emesis. METHODS: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 100 patients aged 5-15 years, ASA classes I and II were randomly selected to receive either 0.5 mg/kg IV dexamethasone (n=50), as study group or an equivalent volume of saline preoperatively, as control group. The anesthetic regimen and surgical procedures were standardized for all patients. The incidence of early and late vomiting, the time to first oral intake and duration of intravenous hydration were compared in both groups. RESULTS: Data analysis showed that the overall incidence of early and late vomiting was significantly lesser in dexamehasone group than the control one. The time to first oral intake and duration of IV therapy were also significantly shorter in dexamethasone group. CONCLUSION: A single dose of dexamethasone significantly decreased the incidence of postoperative vomiting in early and late recovery phase and shortened the time to first oral intake and the duration of IV therapy. 相似文献