Radiocirugía estereotáctica extracraneal: metástasis hepática única tratada medianteStereotactic Body Frame

Purpose. This study describes a clinical case of hepatic metastasis from a carcinoa of the sigmoid colon, treated with extracraneal radiosurgery, resulting in a complete radiological and biochemical response. Thus treatment of certain neoplasias by means of extracraneal stereotactic radiosurgery constitutes an effective therapeutic alternative in those cases where surgery is not viable.     

Double heterozygosis for hemoglobin C—beta thalassemia: Description of a Spanish family Hemoglobin C—beta thalassemia in a Spanish family

A spanish family is described with two abnormal genes: 1) hemoglobin C in heterozygosis with normal hemoglobin, introduced by the subject's mother, and 2) heterozygotic betathalassemia for which the father is a carrier. In the subject and his sister, both abnormal genes coincide with the presence of hemoglobin C and hemoglobin F, simulating homozygosis for hemoglobin C. The clinical condition shows medium intensity chronic hemolysis. In the subject's brother, mother and grandmother, simple heterozygosis of hemoglobins A-C is seen, with no apparent clinical manifestations. The father shows subjaundice with some acute hemolytic episodes. Hypotheses are discussed which might explain the presence of these hemoglobins in Spain.     

Molecular evolution of aphthoviruses

Aphthoviruses are an important group of animal pathogens. A combination of genetic and structural studies has revealed one of the main principles governing their evolution: severe limitations to variation imposed by functional and structural constraints, in conjunction with high mutation and recombination rates operating during genome replication. Evolution occurs by positive selection and random drift acting on complex quasispecies distributions. The mutant composition of a quasi-species (or mutant spectrum) is largely dictated by tolerance to nucleotide and amino acid substitutions in viral RNAs and proteins, which must remain functionally competent. We review recent evidence to support this proposal, and we suggest that similar concepts may apply to other RNA viruses as well.     

Antifungal therapies in murine infections by Candida kefyr

Candida kefyr is an emerging pathogen able to cause disseminated infection, especially in immunocompromised patients. Although guidelines for the treatment of invasive candidiasis have been published, no specific recommendations against C. kefyr are available. We determine the in vitro killing activity of amphotericin B (AMB), fluconazole (FLC) and caspofungin (CFG) as well as their efficacy in a murine model of systemic infection by two C. kefyr strains. Time‐kill curves of AMB, FLC and CFG were determined in final volumes of 10 ml containing the assayed drugs ranged from 0.03 to 32 μg ml^?1 at different time points and efficacy of the drugs was evaluated in a systemic model of candidiasis, conducted in immunosuppressed mice, through survival, (1→3)‐β‐D‐glucan levels in serum and fungal load in kidneys. AMB and CFG showed fungicidal and FLC fungistatic activity against both isolates. The three drugs were able to reduce fungal burden in kidneys and (1→3)‐β‐D‐glucan concentration in serum of infected mice, with CFG showing the highest efficacy, followed by FLC. In conclusion, CFG showed efficacy over AMB and FLC against the systemic candidiasis by C. kefyr. The established epidemiological cut‐off for anidulafungin seems the best indicator of outcome for echinocandins.     

Use of the sensititre colorimetric microdilution panel for antifungal susceptibility testing of dermatophytes

The Sensititre YeastOne antifungal panel was used to test 49 dermatophytes belonging to the species Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton rubrum, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The MICs of four antifungals obtained with the Sensititre YeastOne antifungal panel were compared with those obtained by the reference NCCLS microdilution method. The levels of agreement between the two methods (相似文献   

Virulence of Curvularia in a murine model

We have evaluated the virulence of two clinically relevant species of Curvularia; Curvularia spicifera and C. hawaiiensis, using an experimental model of disseminated infection in immunocompromised mice. Several inocula were tested over a range 1 × 10³–1 × 10⁶ colony‐forming units/animal. Both species had a similar behaviour, producing a high mortality. Tissue burden and histopathology studies demonstrated that lung was the organ most affected.     

Transplanted stem cell-secreted vascular endothelial growth factor effects poststroke recovery, inflammation, and vascular repair

Cell transplantation offers a novel therapeutic strategy for stroke; however, how transplanted cells function in vivo is poorly understood. We show for the first time that after subacute transplantation into the ischemic brain of human central nervous system stem cells grown as neurospheres (hCNS-SCns), the stem cell-secreted factor, human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF), is necessary for cell-induced functional recovery. We correlate this functional recovery to hVEGF-induced effects on the host brain including multiple facets of vascular repair and its unexpected suppression of the inflammatory response. We found that transplanted hCNS-SCns affected multiple parameters in the brain with different kinetics: early improvement in blood-brain barrier integrity and suppression of inflammation was followed by a delayed spatiotemporal regulated increase in neovascularization. These events coincided with a bimodal pattern of functional recovery, with, an early recovery independent of neovascularization, and a delayed hVEGF-dependent recovery coincident with neovascularization. Therefore, cell transplantation therapy offers an exciting multimodal strategy for brain repair in stroke and potentially other disorders with a vascular or inflammatory component.     

M?bius Syndrome: Surgical Treatment for Eyelid Dysfunction

Introduction

Möbius syndrome is a heterogeneous congenital disorder that is linked to bilateral palsies of the cranial nerves VI and VII, resulting in congenital facial paralysis sometimes associated with impaired ocular abduction.

Case Report

We present the case of a 44-year-old woman with Möbius syndrome and inferior recurrent keratitis secondary to scleral show in both eyes. We decided to use a cartilage graft from the ear in the inferior eyelid to avoid eyelid retraction and scleral show.

Discussion

Patients with Möbius syndrome have a severe dysfunction of their facial mimic. Their treatment must be individualized, depending on their age, clinical examination and symptoms.Key words: Möbius syndrome, Eyelid dysfunction, Inferior recurrent keratitis, Scleral show