Muscle biopsy findings predictive of malignancy in rare infiltrative dermatomyositis

Objective

The characteristic pathological muscular findings of polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) have been shown to reflect their different pathogeneses. Here, we characterized the muscle biopsy findings of PM and DM patients with or without malignancy.

Methods

We evaluated the muscle biopsy findings of 215 consecutive PM and DM patients admitted to our hospital between 1970 and 2009. Pathology of the lesion biopsy sections was classified into 3 types: endomysial infiltration-type, perivascular infiltration-type, and rare-infiltrative-type.

Results

There was no difference between the muscle pathology of PM patients with and without malignancy. However, the incidence of rare-infiltrative type muscle pathology in DM patients with malignancy was significantly higher than in those without such tumors (p = 0.0345).

Conclusion

The incidence of rare-infiltrative type muscle pathology may be a predictive marker of DM with malignancy.     

“宽中除胀”功效关联的樟帮蜜麸枳壳饮片质量标志物（Q-marker）成分库预测分析

目的基于中药质量标志物(Q-marker)理念,采用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS、GC-MS以及网络药理学技术,建立与蜜麸枳壳核心功效关联的潜在Q-marker库,为探讨建立樟帮特色蜜麸枳壳饮片质量标准奠定基础。方法采用Acquity UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm);以甲醇-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾离子源(ESI),正离子模式采集数据,质谱扫描范围m/z50～1200,通过对照品、相对分子质量、质谱裂解规律和文献信息鉴定蜜麸枳壳醇提液化学成分;采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油与芳香水,利用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术对挥发油及芳香水进行检测,进样口温度260℃,传输线温度250℃,载气为氦气,体积流量1.0 m L/min,分流比10∶1,进样量1μL;程序升温设定起始柱温70℃,以2℃/min升至150℃,保持2 min,以6℃/min升至240℃,保持3 min,再以25℃/min升至300℃,保持2 min后结束,质谱图经NIST08标准质谱图库检索鉴定化学成分;利用Cytoscape 3.7.1软件构建蜜麸枳壳中化学成分与功能性消化不良(FD)治疗靶点胃泌素(GAS)、生长抑素(SS)的"饮片-成分-疾病-靶点"网络。结果通过UPLC-Q-TOF-MS技术鉴定出55个化学成分,GC-MS技术鉴定出63个化学成分,其中的柚皮苷、新橙皮苷、圣草酚-7-O-葡萄糖苷、柚皮素、柠檬苦素、川陈皮素、橙皮素、辛弗林、诺米林、5-羟基-6,7,8,4′-四甲氧基黄酮、香风草苷、咖啡酸、(1R)-(+)-α-蒎烯、D-柠檬烯、间伞花烃、γ-松油烯16个成分可作为蜜麸枳壳饮片Q-marker库。结论 UPLC-Q-TOF-MS及GC-MS技术可快速定性分析蜜麸枳壳中化学成分,网络药理学研究可预测建立与宽中除胀功效相关的潜在Q-marker,为蜜麸枳壳饮片质量标准的建立提供依据。     

视网膜中央静脉血流彩色多普勒检测

本文应用彩色多普勒血流显像（ＣＤＦＩ）对１０５例正常人２１０只眼的视网膜中央静脉（ＣＲＶ）各项血流参数进行检测。结果：各血流参数与年龄之间无密切相关性Ｐ＞０．０５，性别及眼别之间亦无显著性差异Ｐ＞０．０５，描述了正常ＣＲＶ彩色血流及血流频谱特点。ＣＲＶ血流频谱形态随视网膜中央动脉（ＣＲＡ）呈搏动性、周期性变化。认为该血管的解剖特点决定了其血流动力主要来源于ＣＲＡ血流驱使力或搏动，其它因素影响不大。这是研究ＣＲＶ血流动力学的有利条件。提出了各项指标的正常值范围。     

Multi‐lineage differentiation and angiogenesis potentials of pigmented villonodular synovitis derived mesenchymal stem cells ‐ pathological implication

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a benign tissue proliferation characterized by its hyper‐vascularity within the lesion. The true etiology and cell source of this disease entity still remain unclear. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exist in various tissues of human body. However, it has not been clarified whether MSCs could be isolated from tissue of PVNS. Here, we isolated MSCs from PVNS (PVNS‐SCs), and by comparing to the MSCs from normal synovium (Syn‐SCs) of the same individual, we investigated whether PVNS‐SCs differed in the capacity for multi‐differentiation and inducing angiogenesis. We first demonstrated that PVNS‐SCs existed in the lesion of PVNS of three individuals. Moreover, we showed PVNS‐SCs had better osteogenic differentiation potential than Syn‐SCs, whereas Syn‐SCs had better capacity for adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. By genome–wide analysis of gene expression profile using a complementary DNA microarray and comparing to Syn‐SCs, we identified in PVNS‐SCs a distinct gene expression profile characterized by up‐regulation of genes involved in angiogenesis. In vitro and in vivo studies further confirmed that PVNS‐SCs had better capacities for promoting angiogenesis. In summary, the identification of PVNS‐SCs in PVNS tissue and their distinct angiogenic potential may help elucidate the underlying etiology of this disease. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:395–403, 2016.     

斜外侧腰椎椎间融合术对退行性腰椎椎管狭窄症患者炎症因子的影响

目的探讨斜外侧腰椎椎间融合术(OLIF)对退行性腰椎椎管狭窄症(DLSS)患者炎症因子的影响。方法回顾性分析2016年6月-2018年6月冀中能源峰峰集团有限公司总医院骨科收治的64例DLSS患者的临床资料,其中男性35例,女性29例;年龄(60.70±6.27)岁,年龄范围40~73岁。根据手术方式不同分为腰椎后路减压内固定融合术(PLIF)组(n=32)和OLIF组(n=32)。比较术前、术后3个月及末次随访两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后卧床时间、住院时间、腰腿疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、腰椎日本骨科协会(JOA)评分及血清炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1α(IL-1α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]水平。采用门诊或电话方式进行随访,随访时间截至2019年3月。计量资料以均数±标准差(Mean±SD)表示,组间比较采用独立样本t检验或重复测量数据的方差分析,组内比较采用配对t检验。计数资料以百分比(%)表示,用χ2检验。结果OLIF组的手术时间与PLIF组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);OLIF组术中出血量(119.72±30.41)mL、术后卧床时间(2.16±0.35)d、术后住院时间(5.18±2.06)d均显著低于PLIF组[(318.26±94.62)mL,(3.17±0.54)d,(7.35±1.24)d],两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。所有患者均获得8个月的随访时间,术后3个月和末次随访OLIF组腰疼痛VAS评分[(1.93±0.54)分,(1.74±0.63)分]显著低于PLIF组[(4.05±0.62)分,(3.87±0.74)分],腿疼痛VAS评分[(1.56±0.71)分,(1.37±0.52)分]显著低于PLIF组[(3.74±0.79)分,(2.53±0.59)分],腰椎JOA评分[(22.57±1.83)分,(24.38±1.65)分]显著高于PLIF组[(20.35±1.78)分,(22.14±1.35)分],两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月OLIF组血清TNF-α(16.95±3.92)ng/L、IL-1α(9.17±3.78)ng/L及CRP(1.97±0.24)mg/L水平均显著低于PLIF组[(20.46±4.27)ng/L,(11.51±4.25)ng/L,(2.36±0.32)mg/L](P<0.05);末次随访OLIF组血清TNF-α(13.47±3.54)ng/L、IL-1α(6.52±2.09)ng/L及CRP(1.42±0.16)mg/L水平均显著低于PLIF组[(18.08±3.84)ng/L,(8.73±5.43)ng/L,(2.04±0.25)mg/L],两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与PLIF相比,OLIF治疗DLSS能够降低术中出血量、缩短患者恢复时间,同时降低患者术后炎症因子表达水平,改善患者预后。     

Outcomes of incisional negative pressure wound therapy following brachiobasilic transposition arteriovenous fistula creation: A 1:2 propensity score matched study

Incisional negative wound pressure therapy (iNPWT) use on closed incisions has been shown to improve wound outcomes, but no studies have evaluated the use of iNPWT following brachiobasilic transposition arteriovenous fistula (BBT‐AVF). We aim to investigate the efficacy of iNPWT vs conventional wound therapy in reducing surgical site infections (SSIs) for BBT‐AVF incisions. This is a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent BBT‐AVF creation between January 2010 and December 2017. A 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to reduce selection bias and address for confounding factors. Study outcomes included SSI and haematoma incidence, 30‐day readmission, and 30‐day mortality. A total of 154 patients were reviewed in this study: 47 (30.5%) had iNPWT and 107 (69.5%) had conventional wound therapy. The overall median age was 60.5 (interquartile range 54–69). PSM with a 1:2 ratio resulted in a total of 117 patients (39 iNPWT and 78 conventional wound therapy). In the unmatched cohort, SSI incidence was lower in the iNPWT group (n = 1/47 [2.1%] vs n = 14/107 [13.1%], P = .035). However, incidence of SSI was comparable between iNPWT and conventional wound therapy after matching (n = 1/39 [2.6%] vs n = 9/78 [11.5%], P = .102). There was no significant difference in 30‐day readmission and 30‐day mortality. Within our study population of patients with BBT‐AVF incisions, there is a non‐statistically significant reduction in SSI incidence for patients who received iNPWT as compared with conventional wound therapy. Further prospective randomised controlled studies should be conducted to validate these findings.     

Biocompatibility of Ricinus communis polymer with addition of calcium carbonate compared to titanium. Experimental study in guinea pigs

Objective

The aim of the present investigation was to determine whether the difference in inflammatory tissue reaction between the Riccinus communis (castor) polymer with calcium carbonate and the titanium implant is statistically significant.

Methods

Thirty-two Cavia porcellus were allocated into four groups of eight animals each. We implanted the two types of materials in the retroperitoneal space of all the animals. They were euthanized at 7, 20, 30 and 40 days after surgery, and an histological study of the samples was conducted.

Results

All implants showed characteristics of chronic inflammation regardless of the material and timepoint of evaluation. There was no statistically significant difference between Pm+CaCO₃ and Ti with regard to the presence of granulation tissue, tissue congestion, histiocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, giant cells, and fibrosis (P> 0.05).

Conclusion

The castor oil polymer plus calcium carbonate implant was not statistically different from the titanium implant regarding inflammatory tissue reaction.     

The Mechanism of PEDV-Carrying CD3+ T Cells Migrate into the Intestinal Mucosa of Neonatal Piglets

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) can cause intestinal infection in neonatal piglets through the nasal cavity. A process in which CD3⁺ T cells carry PEDV plays a key role. However, the modes through which PEDV bridles CD3⁺ T cells as a vehicle for migration to the intestinal epithelium have not been clarified. In this study, we first demonstrated that PEDV could survive in blood-derived CD3⁺ T cells for several hours, depending on the multiplicity of infection. In addition, PEDV preferentially survived in CD4⁺ T cells over CD8⁺ T cells. Moreover, viral transmission was mediated by cell-to-cell contact between mesenteric lymph-node-derived CD3⁺ T cells, but did not occur in blood-derived CD3⁺ T cells. Following an increase in gut-homing integrin α4β7, blood-derived CD3⁺ T cells carrying PEDV migrated to the intestines via blood circulation and transferred the virus to intestinal epithelial cells through cell-to-cell contact in neonatal piglets. Our findings have significant implications for understanding PEDV pathogenesis in neonatal piglets, which is essential for developing innovative therapies to prevent PEDV infection.