坐式排球运动与腰背肌筋膜炎的关系及其损伤预防

目的:对坐式排球运动员进行腰背肌筋膜炎损伤检查与积极治疗,并制定有效措施预防腰背肌筋膜炎损伤的发生,以提高其成绩水平。方法:实验于2006-03/07于鲁东大学体育学院完成。①选取2006年参加山东省残疾人运动会的烟台队坐式排球运动员22名,男12名,女10名,平均年龄(27±2)岁。②对22名坐式排球运动员进行腰背肌筋膜炎损伤状况检查,病历需要详细注明受伤原因、腰背部肌肉筋膜的痛点及运动障碍、确定损伤性质是急性还是慢性、确定损伤位置、抗阻力实验是否为阳性。③检查完毕后,对存在腰背肌筋膜炎损伤的运动员采用日本温热式低周波治疗器 外敷中药治疗。温热式低周波治疗器主要选择拍打、推压、按摩、左右变换按揉,每次治疗时间为15min,温度控制在38～43℃,将(-)导子放在痛点部位,( )导子放在阿是穴、肾俞、命门、腰眼等相应的治疗穴位上。中药以散寒活血祛瘀止痛为主,将川乌头、天南星、生半夏、乳香、没药、独活、马钱子、红花等混合研成粉状,加入体积分数为0.75的乙醇搅拌成糊状,用沙布制成直径约15cm饼状态物,敷于患处,6～12d为1个疗程。④治疗结束后,对所有队员1年的训练过程制定预防腰背肌筋膜炎的有效措施,即训练中加强腰背部肌肉力量和伸展性;通过温热式低周波治疗器 推拿按摩促进腰背部肌肉筋膜的放松及疲劳恢复;训练中采用肌肉牵伸性练习,注意避免牵拉过度;建立急性运动损伤档案,尽量减少急性损伤转变为慢性损伤的可能性。结果:①腰背肌筋膜炎的患病率:烟台队22名坐式排球运动员中,10名存在腰背肌筋膜炎损伤,患病率45.5%,损伤部位集中在腰背部和颈部。②腰背肌筋膜炎损伤治疗结果:采用日本温热式低周波治疗器 外敷中药治疗一两个疗程后效果良好,10名腰背肌筋膜炎损伤运动员中9名痊愈,治愈率90%。③采取预防措施后运动员腰背肌筋膜炎的发生情况:训练中采取预防措施,1年后22名坐式排球运动员腰背肌筋膜炎损伤得到明显控制,腰背肌筋膜炎患病率为29.3%,与治疗预防前比较下降16.2%,效果显著。结论:坐式排球运动损伤部位集中在腰背部和颈部,腰背肌筋膜炎是常发病。针对发病原因及时治疗并给予有效预防措施,可明显降低腰背肌筋膜炎损伤发生率,对其运动训练能力和比赛成绩的提高均具有积极意义。     

Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus by gamma radiation and its effect on plasma and coagulation factors

The inactivation of HIV by gamma-radiation was studied in frozen and liquid plasma; a reduction of the virus titer of 5 to 6 logs was achieved at doses of 5 to 10 Mrad at -80 degrees C and 2.5 Mrad at 15 degrees C. The effect of irradiation on the biologic activity of a number of coagulation factors in plasma and in lyophilized concentrates of factor VIII (FVIII) and prothrombin complex was examined. A recovery of 85 percent of the biologic activity of therapeutic components present in frozen plasma and in lyophilized coagulation factor concentrates was reached at radiation doses as low as 1.5 and 0.5 Mrad, respectively. As derived from the first-order radiation inactivation curves, the radiosensitive target size of HIV was estimated to be 1 to 3 MDa; the target size of FVIII was estimated to be 130 to 160 kDa. Gamma radiation must be disregarded as a method for the sterilization of plasma and plasma-derived products, because of the low reduction of virus infectivity at radiation doses that still give acceptable recovery of biologic activity of plasma components.     

Cytochrome P450 2C19 loss-of-function polymorphism is associated with an increased treatment-related mortality in patients undergoing allogeneic transplantation

The polymorphic gene expression of CYP2C19 causes individual variability in drug metabolism and thereby in pharmacologic and toxicologic responses. We genotyped 286 patients and their donors for the CYP2C19 gene who underwent allogeneic transplantation for various diseases and analyzed their outcome. Patients were classified as: poor metabolizers (PMs; 3.1%), intermediate metabolizers (IMs; 24.5%) and extensive metabolizers (EMs; 72.5%). Patients genotyped as PMs had significant higher hepato- and nephrotoxicities compared to IMs or EMs. Maximum bilirubin and serum creatinine levels measured after transplant were approximately twofold higher than those of EMs or IMs. The increased toxicity resulted in an increased 4-year estimate for transplant-related mortality (TRM) with 50+/-18.6% for PMs compared to 25.1+/-3.7% for EMs (P<0.018) and 22.7 +/-5.6% for IMs (P<0.042), whereas no significant influence for relapse rate, overall survival or incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease grade 2-4 were found between the groups. Multivariate analysis including all potential factors that might influence TRM confirmed that the genotype of CYP2C19 is an independent factor, which influenced TRM significantly. These results suggest that genotyping for CYP450 2C19 can help to identify patients with higher risk for TRM.     

Persistent serpentine supravenous hyperpigmented eruption associated with docetaxel

Various mucocutaneous reactions have been reported with the use of systemic docetaxel. We describe a 47-year-old man who developed a persistent serpentine supravenous hyperpigmented eruption (PSSHE), beginning at the site of docetaxel injection and spreading along the superficial venous network in the anterior aspect of the right forearm and distal arm. The eruption occurred after the first infusion of docetaxel following insufficient venous washing. A second infusion was administered through a vein in the other forearm, but this time, abundant venous washing was performed and a similar eruption did not occur. To our knowledge, this is the second report of docetaxel-induced supravenous discoloration and we discussed the terminology and mechanism of this unique reaction.     

The use of Terson lens capsule forceps when performing punch biopsy of the skin

When performing skin biopsy using the skin biopsy punch, it is recommended that Terson lens capsule forceps be used as an aid to avoid crush artifact. This is because secure yet gentle purchase of the specimen is allowed by a row of small inwardly directed tines that arise from the 2.5 mm horizontally placed grasping blades, which are inserted into the incision created by a 3mm biopsy punch. The instrument also has the extra advantages of being in the correct working position when held with the hand in the resting position between prone and supine, of allowing an uninterrupted line of vision to the wound during use and is of a shape that minimizes unintentional contact with tissue.