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31.
Repeated transurethral resection of recurrent superficial bladder tumors--does it affect the spread and stage of the tumor? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
El-Abbady AA Shoukry MS Hanno AG Younis LK Abdel-Rahman M 《Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology》2002,36(1):60-64
OBJECTIVES: This prospective study was done to demonstrate the effect of repeated resection of superficial bladder tumors (TURT) on deep malignant cell infiltration in bladder wall. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-six patients underwent radical cystectomy for invasive bladder cancer, 16 patients originally had superficial cancer that became invasive after repeated TURT (group I) and the other 20 patients (group II) presented with invasive bladder cancer from the start. Each cystectomy specimen was subjected to a thorough histopathological study. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in pattern of local spread of malignant cells between the two groups. Isolated clusters of malignant cells in-between normal bladder muscle fibers, isolated subserosal malignant deposits as well as cells reaching the adjacent cervix uteri were found only in group I. Intravesical pressure was measured in another 10 patients during TURT and was found to be high reaching up to 80 cm H2O. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that some malignant cells penetrate through the denuded urothelium during TURT by the effect of high intravesical pressure. This may be responsible, among other factors, for tumor recurrence with deeper stages. 相似文献
32.
破坏泛素依赖的蛋白水解通路对p53转录激活的抑制作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 :研究功能性泛素化及蛋白酶体水解过程对p5 3转录激活的影响。方法 :通过瞬时转染报告基因法 ,测定内源、外源性p5 3或p5 3转录活性片断的转录能力 (荧光素酶活性 ) ;Western blot法测定细胞内p5 3及其靶蛋白p2 1waf1 的表达水平。结果 :抑制蛋白酶体水解过程 ,细胞内源、外源性p5 3及p5 3转录活性片断的转录能力均降低 ;泛素化途径缺失时 ,p5 3转录能力被显著抑制 ,虽然细胞内p5 3蛋白堆积 ,但其下游靶蛋白p2 1waf1 的表达却无增加。结论 :p5 3泛素蛋白酶体水解途径与其转录激活过程存在功能性联系 相似文献
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AA Lapillonne FH Glorieux BL Salle PM Braillon M Chambon J Rigo G Putet J Senterre 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1994,83(S405):117-122
Fat and mineral metabolic balance studies were performed in 25 normal very low-birth-weight infants ( 1500 g at birth) fed either pooled pasteurized human milk supplemented with calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, or a preterm formula. Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium intake were similar in both groups and averaged 100mg/kg/day, 72 mg/kg/day and 8 mg/kg/day, respectively. Calcium and phosphorus retention was higher in the subjects fed fortified human milk than in those receiving a preterm formula (65±14 and 62±9mg/kg/day versus 55±12 and 47±7mg/kg/day respectively). The difference was only significant for phosphorus. Magnesium retention was similar in the two groups and averaged 3 mg/kg/day. Fat intake and absorption was significantly higher in the preterm formula fed group than in the one fed fortified human milk (5.5±0.4 g/kg/day and 88±4% versus 4.2±1 g/kg/day, 79±6% respectively). Assessment of the whole body bone mineral content by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed at 3 and 6 months of age in another group of 25 low-birth-weight infants fed either fortified human milk or a preterm formula. Whole body bone mineral content (BMCt) was low (43.3±30.8 g of hydroxyapatite) at 3 months of age (theoretical term) compared to normal full-term newborns at birth. There was no significant influence of the diet. At 6 months of age, BMCt reached 168.6±36.6g, a value similar to that of full-term newborns, with no significant difference between the two regimen groups. The deficit in the 12 subjects who had a BMCt under 30 g at 3 months of age had been corrected at age 6 months. Premature babies fed a pooled pasteurized human milk enriched with calcium, phosphorus and magnesium favored a better retention of calcium and phosphorus. However, no significant influence of the two diets studied was observed on the gain in BMCt over the first 6 months of life. 相似文献
35.
Moderate and severe malnutrition are endemic in much of the developing world and in association with pockets of deprivation in the developed world. The cost in terms of individual and social development is high. The principles of effective management are clearly documented. A low cost, community based treatment programme for moderately and severely malnourished children under 3 years of age was established at a health centre in rural Jamaica. Children were followed up monthly and defaulters were rigorously recalled. Management consisted of carefully delivered dietary advice, antibiotics, anthelminthics, and vitamin supplements. All children improved and the response of 36 children, who were treated in the first year, showed an accelerated weight gain, with catch-up growth and the maintenance of length gain. There was a significant increase in the weight for age, at 1.9% per month over six months, which exceeds the rate reported with food supplementation programmes and nutrition rehabilitation centres. 相似文献
36.
Pathophysiologic considerations as well as non-comparative clinical results suggest that very high purity concentrates may slow immunologic deterioration in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected hemophiliacs. In an attempt to evaluate this hypothesis, we prospectively compared CD4 cell counts, skin testing responses, and changes of the clinical status in 20 asymptomatic HIV-positive hemophiliacs, randomly assigned to continue the treatment with an intermediate purity concentrate or to receive a very high purity product, purified by immunoaffinity chromatography with monoclonal antibodies. In the group switched to the very high purity concentrate there was no significant change of the CD4 cell counts over the 96-week follow-up period, whereas in the group continued on the intermediate purity concentrate, a highly significant decline was detected (P less than .013). Furthermore, in the very high purity group, four of six anergic patients at entry acquired reactivity to skin testing. The results of this study clearly support the use of very high purity concentrates for the replacement therapy of HIV-infected hemophiliacs. 相似文献
37.
Masclee AA; Hopman WP; Corstens FH; Rosenbusch G; Jansen JB; Lamers CB 《Radiology》1989,173(2):407-410
Both ultrasonography (US) and cholescintigraphy are used to study gallbladder dynamics. The present study was undertaken to determine whether the two methods provide the same or different information relating to gallbladder emptying. Emptying was simultaneously studied with both methods during infusion of graded physiologic doses of cholecystokinin (CCK) in six healthy subjects. Infusion of stepwise increasing doses of CCK, ranging from 0.03 to 0.5 Ivy dog units per kilogram of body weight per hour (IDU/kg.h), induced significant dose-related increases in plasma CCK, decreases in gallbladder volume assessed with US, and gallbladder emptying assessed with cholescintigraphy. The threshold dose for inducing significant gallbladder emptying was 0.13 IDU/kg.h, as determined with both techniques, indicating similar detection limits. There was a highly significant correlation between decreases in gallbladder volume and decreases in radioactive counts over the gallbladder region, with a tendency toward greater gallbladder responses at sonography during the early phase of gallbladder contraction and toward greater responses at cholescintigraphy during the later phase of gallbladder contraction. It is concluded that these methods can be used interchangeably for the quantitation of gallbladder emptying. 相似文献
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Direct demonstration of transsynaptic degeneration in the human visual system: a comparison of retrograde and anterograde changes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
RM Beatty AA Sadun LEH Smith JP Vonsattel EP Richardson Jr 《Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry》1982,45(2):143-146
Transneuronal degeneration of retinal ganglion cells was directly demonstrated in a patient who had unilateral removal of the striate cortex forty years prior to necropsy. For comparison, another case is presented showing anterograde transneuronal atrophy forty years after enucleation of one eye. 相似文献