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61.
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Reliability of assessing the coronal curvature of children with scoliosis by using ultrasound images
Wei Chen Edmond H. M. Lou Phoebe Q. Zhang Lawrence H. Le Doug Hill 《Journal of children's orthopaedics》2013,7(6):521-529
Purpose
To investigate the intra- and inter-observer reliability of the coronal curvature asymmetry of children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using the center of lamina (COL) method on ultrasound (US) images.Methods
A cadaver spinal column phantom which was manipulated to present 30 scoliotic curves of varying severity of scoliotic deformities was scanned using both the US and laser scanner (LS) systems. Three observers of varying experience and skill measured the coronal curvature using the Cobb method on the LS images and the COL method on the US images. All of the measurements were performed twice, with a 1-week interval to reduce memory bias. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), the mean absolute differences (MAD), and the error index (EI) were calculated to determine the agreement on selecting the end vertebrae. In addition, five AIS subjects were scanned using the US system. One observer measured the coronal curvature on the US images twice, and the measurements were compared with the Cobb angle reported in the clinical records.Results
In the phantom study, the COL method showed high intra- and inter-observer reliabilities, with all ICC values >0.88. The maximum MAD of the COL measurements between different sessions among all observers was <4.1°. The EI values of the US method had similar end-vertebra selections as the LS method. The results of the pilot study showed a high intra-reliability for the US measurements. The measured difference between the Cobb and COL methods was 0.7° ± 0.5°.Conclusions
The COL method using US images appears to be a very reliable method for measuring the coronal curvature in AIS without the need to expose the patient to radiation. 相似文献63.
Edmond M. Cronin MB Jennifer Gray DO Bernard Abi-Saleh MD Bruce L. Wilkoff MD Kerry H. Levin MD 《Muscle & nerve》2013,47(6):840-844
Introduction: Pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are vulnerable to inappropriate sensing of electromagnetic interference (EMI), such as from nerve conduction studies. We conducted a prospective study to assess the safety of repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS). Methods: Fourteen patients undergoing insertion of 10 ICDs and 4 pacemakers under general anesthesia received RNS of the median, axillary, and spinal accessory nerves at 2 HZ and 50 HZ . We recorded detection of EMI and whether or not this resulted in an arrhythmia diagnosis or change in pacing output. Results: EMI was visible in 2 ICDs, without spurious tachyarrhythmia detection. EMI was observed in 3 of the 4 pacemakers, which led to pacing inhibition and a pause in 2, both of which were programmed to a unipolar sensing configuration. Conclusions: RNS is safe in patients with ICDs. In pacemaker patients, RNS appears safe during bipolar sensing, but caution is recommended in pacemaker patients with unipolar sensing. Muscle Nerve 47: 840–844, 2013 相似文献
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Clinical and patient‐reported outcomes of Chinese patients undergoing haemodialysis in hospital or in the community: A 1‐year longitudinal study 下载免费PDF全文
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The presence of cells or tissues from two individuals, chimeras, or the presence of cells and tissues that include the gonads,
tetragametic chimerism can be detected by the analysis of cytogenetics and analysis of polymorphic genetic markers, using
patterns of pedigree inheritance. These methodologies include determination of sex chromosomes, major histocompatibility complex
(MHC) polymorphisms and panels of short tandem repeats (STRs) that include mitochondrial DNA markers. Studies routinely involve
cases of temporal chimerism in blood transfusion, or following allotransplantation to measure the outcome of the organ, lymphopoietic
tissues or bone marrow grafts. Demonstration of persistent chimerism is usually discovered in cases of inter-sexuality due
to fusion of fraternal twins or in cases of fusion of embryos with demonstrable allogeneic monoclonality of blood which, excluded
maternity or paternity when blood alone is used as the source of DNA. In single pregnancies it is possible to produce two
kinds of microchimerism: feto-maternal and materno-fetal, but in cases of fraternal twin pregnancies it is possible to identify
three different kinds which are related to cases of vanishing twins that can be identified during pregnancy by imaging procedures;
(1) hematopoietic, (2) gonadal, and (3) freemartins when the twins have different sex and the individual born is a female
with either gonadal or both gonadal and hematopoietic tissues. Fraternal twin pregnancies can also produce fusion of embryos.
Such cases could be of different sex presenting with inter-sexuality or in same sex twins. One of such cases, the best studied,
showed evidence of chimerism and tetragametism. In this regard, the case was studied because of disputed maternity of two
of her three children. All tissues studied, except for the blood, demonstrated four genetic components but only two in her
blood of four possible showed allogeneic monoclonality consistent with the interpretation that her blood originated from one
hematopoietic stem cell. Also, microchimerism, due to traffic of cells via materno-fetal or feto-maternal has been prompted
by reports of their potential association with the development of autoimmune disorders including systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE) and systemic sclerosis, and in allotransplantation. In addition, their relevance of chimerism in the positive and negative
selection of T cells in the thymus has not been addressed. T lymphocytes play a central role in controlling the acquired immune
response and furthermore serve as crucial effector cells through antigen specific cytotoxic activity and the production of
soluble mediators. Central tolerance is established by the repertoire selection of immature T lymphocytes in the thymus, avoiding
the generation of autoreactive T cells. Expression of chimeric antigens in the thymus could modify the generation of specific
T cell clones in chimeric subjects and these mechanisms could be important in the induction of central tolerance against foreign
antigens important in allo-transplantation. In this review, we discuss the genetics of chimerism and tetragametism and its
potential role in thymic selection and the relevance in allotransplantation and autoimmune disorders.
This review is dedicated to the memory of Robert A. Good, MD, PhD, an outstanding physician and scientist, one discoverer
of the functions of the Thymus in immunobiology and the pioneer of human bone marrow allotransplantation.
Presented at the First Robert A Good Society Symposium, St. Petersburg, FL 2006. 相似文献
67.
Cardiovascular disease accounts for approximately 30% of all deaths worldwide, and will only worsen as the world's population ages. It is well-established that age, per se, is a major risk factor and contributor to all cardiovascular morbidities and mortalities. However, environmental factors, including a lack of exercise, appear to play a critical role in the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease. This paper reviews the literature on cardiac variability and aging and addresses risk factors associated with aging that can be modified and possibly attenuate the decline of heart rate variability with aging, including exercise training to increase vagal modulation. Thus, results of the studies described in this review support a potential benefit of increasing or maintaining fitness in order to slow the decline of parasympathetic control of HR with normal aging. 相似文献
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Ravi Krupa Killen Annabel Alexander Angus Bell-Davies Frances Biganiro Sebintu James Brazeal Aurelia Butoyi Jean Marie Vianney Diaz Fabio Edgardo Drabile Romeo Fanny Marvin Fernie Lucila Gunawardana Shannon Hartley Emma Hawu Yolisa N. Hendron Holly Joseph Stephanie Alcine Lamahewage Ananda Mahagedera Ruwantha Manirambona Emery Morisho Benjamin Kitambala Muchunu Patrick Niyukuri Alliance Ntaganda Edmond Orliacq Francisco Orliacq Josefina Wobenjo Adili Young Pablo Lakhoo Kokila Ford Kathryn 《World journal of surgery》2022,46(3):476-485
World Journal of Surgery - The Global Initiative for Children's Surgery (GICS) group produced the Optimal Resources for Children’s Surgery (OReCS) document in 2019, listing standards of... 相似文献