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71.
Organization of intrinsic connections in owl monkey area MT 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Malach R; Schirman TD; Harel M; Tootell RB; Malonek D 《Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)》1997,7(4):386-393
Area MT (middle temporal) is a well-defined visual representation common to
all primates, which shows a clear selectivity to the analysis of visual
motion. In the present study we examined the architecture of the intrinsic
connections in area MT in an attempt to reveal its organizing principles
and its potential relationship to the functional domains in area MT.
Intrinsic connections were studied by placing small injections of the
tracer biocytin in area MT of seven adult owl monkeys (Aotus nancymae). The
injections were targeted at well-defined orientation domains revealed using
optical imaging of intrinsic signals. The distribution of axons labeled by
these injections was related both to the cytochrome oxidase histochemistry
and to the layout of functional domains in area MT and surrounding tissue.
Tracer injections in the superficial layers of area MT produced a complex
network of extrinsic and intrinsic axonal connections. Clear instances of
extrinsic connections were observed between area MT proper and the MT
crescent situated postero-medially to it. The intrinsic connections were
laterally spread and organized in patch-like clusters with an average
distance from injection center to the furthest patch of 1.8 +/- 0.55 mm
(+/-SD, n = 9). The overall axonal distribution tended to be anisotropic,
i.e. the patches were distributed within an elongated ellipse [average
anisotropy ratio: 1.86 +/- 0.66 (+/-SD)] and were asymmetrically
distributed about either side of the injection site [average asymmetry
ratio: 2.3 +/- 0.7 (+/-SD)]. Finally, there was a tendency for the
intrinsic connections to connect to functional domains of similar
orientation preference in area MT. However, this tendency varied
substantially between individual cases. The highly specific nature of MT
lateral connections puts clear constraints on models of surround influences
in the receptive fields of MT neurons.
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72.
4-S-(5-酰氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基)-4-脱氧-4′-去甲基表鬼臼毒素衍生物的合成与抗肿瘤活性 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
基于在4′-去甲基表鬼臼毒素母核C4位上联结含有杂原子的芳香环取代基,以此考察其结构与活性关系的设想,设计并合成了10个标题化合物。体外L1210白血病细胞与KB细胞生长抑制试验结果表明,这类化合物有较强的抗肿瘤活性。其中化合物SIPI-92-1772,1774,1775,1776,1777与1779的活性超过临床用药依托泊甙。其余化合物活性与依托泊甙相当或略低。 相似文献
73.
Jennifer L. Sherr Julia M. Hermann Fiona Campbell Nicole C. Foster Sabine E. Hofer Jeremy Allgrove David M. Maahs Thomas M. Kapellen Naomi Holman William V. Tamborlane Reinhard W. Holl Roy W. Beck Justin T. Warner for the TD Exchange Clinic Network the DPV Initiative and the National Paediatric Diabetes Audit the Royal College of Paediatrics Child Health registries 《Diabetologia》2016,59(1):87-91
74.
Therapeutic inertia: underdiagnosed and undertreated hypertension in children participating in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry
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This report describes a study of 31 red cell antigens in 13 blood group systems tested over a period of 3 years in the Chinese population of Taiwan. The study provides evidence that major differences exist between Taiwanese and whites or blacks in five blood group systems: Rh, MNSs, Duffy, P, and Xg. 相似文献
77.
Copy number variation at the 7q11.23 segmental duplications is a susceptibility factor for the Williams–Beuren syndrome deletionCuscó et al. (2008)Genome Research 18 (5): 683–694. Epub 21 February 2008 相似文献
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Sarah K. Lyons Osagie Ebekozien Ashley Garrity Don Buckingham Ori Odugbesan Sarah Thomas Nicole Rioles Kathryn Gallagher Rona Y. Sonabend Ilona Lorincz G. Todd Alonso Manmohan K. Kamboj Joyce M. Lee TD Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative Study Group 《Clinical Diabetes》2021,39(3):272
Insulin pump therapy in pediatric type 1 diabetes has been associated with better glycemic control than multiple daily injections. However, insulin pump use remains limited. This article describes an initiative from the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative aimed at increasing insulin pump use in patients aged 12–26 years with type 1 diabetes from a baseline of 45% in May 2018 to >50% by February 2020. Interventions developed by participating centers included increasing in-person and telehealth education about insulin pump technology, creating and distributing tools to assist in informed decision-making, facilitating insulin pump insurance approval and onboarding processes, and improving clinic staff knowledge about insulin pumps. These efforts yielded a 13% improvement in pump use among the five participating centers, from 45 to 58% over 22 months.Children and adults with type 1 diabetes receive insulin by either multiple daily subcutaneous injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, commonly called insulin pump therapy (1). Insulin pump therapy in pediatric type 1 diabetes has been associated with improved glycemic control. A 2010 Cochrane systematic review of 23 randomized, controlled trials comparing insulin pump use to multiple daily injections found a significant difference in A1C favoring insulin pump therapy (2). In a more recent meta-analysis, similar findings were seen when comparing insulin pump therapy to multiple daily injections using different types of rapid-acting and basal (i.e., intermediate and long-acting) analog insulins (3). Improved glycemic control for those using insulin pump therapy has also been reported in population-based studies. The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study (4), a U.S. population-based study of newly diagnosed diabetes in youths, found that participants with type 1 diabetes using insulin pump therapy had a lower mean A1C than those using other treatment regimens. Furthermore, insulin pump therapy has been associated with lower risks of severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis (5).Although insulin pump use has increased over time, dramatic uptake of insulin pumps has not been noted globally or even within individual countries. In the SWEET (Better Control in Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes: Working to Create Centers of Reference) registry, 49% of 6- to 11-year-olds and 42% of 12- to 18-year-olds used insulin pumps in 2016; rates varied from 0 to 90% among 46 participating diabetes centers around the globe (6). In the U.S. T1D Exchange clinic registry, insulin pump use between 2016 and 2018 was 68% for individuals 6–12 years of age, 62% for those 13–17 years of age, and 60% for those 18–25 years of age (7), although these data may not be generalizable to the general U.S. population because of a self-selection bias of participants in this voluntary registry.In 2016, the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative (T1DX-QI), coordinated by the T1D Exchange clinic network, was established to improve care delivery for people with type 1 diabetes (8). The collaborative started with 10 adult and pediatric diabetes centers in the United States and has expanded to 30 centers. The diabetes centers participate in collaborative quality improvement (QI) activities by sharing their clinic population data and best practices. One of the initial focuses of the T1DX-QI was to increase insulin pump use among pediatric member centers, with a subsequently developed SMART (Specific, Measurable, Applicable, Realistic, and Timely) aim of increasing pump use in pediatric and emerging adult patients aged 12–26 years with type 1 diabetes who were receiving medical care at one of five T1DX-QI diabetes centers from a baseline of 45% in May 2018 to >50% by February 2020. 相似文献
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