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排序方式: 共有314条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Dave Coyle MED RNLD RMN CERT ED Deborah Edwards BSC HONS MPHIL Ben Hannigan BA HONS MA RGN RMN DPSN Phillip Burnard MSC P h D RMN RGN RNT DIPN CERT ED Anne Fothergill BSC P h D PGCE RMN RGN 《Nursing & health sciences》2000,2(1):59-67
Abstract Six hundred and fourteen Community Psychiatric Nurses (CPNs) were surveyed to estimate the extent to which they used various coping strategies in order to reduce occupation-related stress. A questionnaire booklet, which included a number of validated measures and the Psychnurse methods of coping questionnaire, were used. 'Having a stable home life that was separate from work' and 'knowing that my life outside of work is healthy, enjoyable and worthwhile' were methods used most in order to cope with work-based stress. 'Through having team supervision' and 'by having confidential one to one supervision' were the methods used the least. The mean overall coping scores were significantly higher for females and those who felt that they had job security. Those people who scored higher on the coping test instrument were significantly more likely to be older and have worked within the field of community mental health for longer. The current drive towards clinical supervision promoted through policy initiatives, appears not to be supported by these findings. The implications for CPN services and for further study are highlighted. 相似文献
72.
G Gonz��lez D Zald��var ED Carrillo A Hern��ndez MC Garc��a JA S��nchez 《British journal of pharmacology》2010,161(5):1172-1185
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Pharmacological preconditioning (PPC) with mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ (mitoKATP) channel openers such as diazoxide, leads to cardioprotection against ischaemia. However, effects on Ca2+ homeostasis during PPC, particularly changes in Ca2+ channel activity, are poorly understood. We investigated the effects of PPC on cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
PPC was induced in isolated hearts and enzymatically dissociated cardiomyocytes from adult rats by preincubation with diazoxide. We measured reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and Ca2+ signals associated with action potentials using fluorescent probes, and L-type currents using a whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Levels of the α1c subunit of L-type channels in the cellular membrane were measured by Western blot.KEY RESULTS
PPC was accompanied by a 50% reduction in α1c subunit levels, and by a reversible fall in L-type current amplitude and Ca2+ transients. These effects were prevented by the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), or by the mitoKATP channel blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD). PPC signficantly reduced infarct size, an effect blocked by NAC and 5-HD. Nifedipine also conferred protection against infarction when applied during the reperfusion period. Downregulation of the α1c subunit and Ca2+ channel function were prevented in part by the protease inhibitor leupeptin.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
PPC downregulated the α1c subunit, possibly through ROS. Downregulation involved increased degradation of the Ca2+ channel, which in turn reduced Ca2+ influx, which may attenuate Ca2+ overload during reperfusion. 相似文献73.
Successful complete hematopoietic reconstitution (CHR) using nonleukemic peripheral stem cells (PSC) after marrow ablation has been reported in animals but not man. Previous studies of cytapheresis products from humans, as a prelude to use for CHR, have documented the presence of committed myeloid (CFU-GM) and erythroid (BFU-E) precursors. We have examined mononuclear cell (MNC) products collected on the Fenwal CS3000 Blood Cell Separator for these plus the more primitive mixed (granulo-, erythro-, mono-, and megakaryocytic) cell colony-forming units (CFU-GEMM) and for various lymphocytic subpopulations (LSP). One to two-hour products contained 36 +/- 7 CFU- GEMM/10(6) MNC (mean +/- SE, n = 8) or 490 +/- 131/ml product. This compared favorably with blood (23 +/- .4/10(6) MNC or 46 +/- 8/ml, n = 14) and bone marrow (146 +/- 58/10(6) MNC, n = 12). Collection efficiency for E-rosette-positive cells approximated that for total lymphocytes and was variable for other LSP. Recovery of CFU-GEMM after freezing in 10% dimethylsulfoxide at a controlled rate and storage in liquid N2 was 54% +/- 8% (n = 8). Cytapheresis collection of large numbers of pluripotent hematopoietic precursors and demonstration of adequate recovery of these after cryopreservation, both previously unreported, are significant steps toward eventual CHR using nonleukemic PSC. 相似文献
74.
ERIC S. KIM SCOTT W. DELANEY LOUIS TAY YING CHEN ED DIENER TYLER J. VANDERWEELE 《The Milbank quarterly》2021,99(1):209-239
Policy Points
- Several intergovernmental organizations (Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development, World Health Organization, United Nations) are urging countries to use well‐being indicators (e.g., life satisfaction) in addition to traditional economic indicators when making important policy decisions.
- As the number of governments implementing this new approach grows, so does the need to continue evaluating the health and well‐being outcomes we might observe from policies aimed at improving life satisfaction.
- The results of this study suggest that life satisfaction is a valuable target for policies aiming to enhance several indicators of psychosocial well‐being, health behaviors, and physical health outcomes.
75.
ED Lolis P Savvidou K Vardas D Loutseti V Koutsoumpas 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2015,97(7):e103-e104
The creation of an abdominal stoma is a common procedure performed as part of the treatment for many conditions. Common complications include poor stoma siting, high output, skin irritation, ischaemia, retraction, parastomal hernia and prolapse. An extremely rare stoma complication is parastomal evisceration. We present a case of a 48-year-old woman who presented to us with parastomal evisceration as a late complication of a transverse colostomy. It is the second case reported as acomplication of this procedure but the first that occurred after such a long postoperative period (almost 18 months). 相似文献
76.
To gain insight into the mammalian liver to kidney erythropoietin (Ep) switch, we heterotopically transplanted livers from preswitch, switched, and postswitch fetal and newborn lambs into normal adult sheep. Recipients' serum Ep and circulating reticulocyte levels were serially determined until rejection of the graft and compared with identical samples from sham-operated control adult ewes. Transplantation of preswitch and switched fetal livers caused an impressive rise in recipients' serum Ep activity and provoked a corresponding increase in reticulocytosis. In contrast, Ep activity and reticulocyte counts did not change from preoperative levels in adult ewes transplanted with postswitch livers or in the sham-operated controls. The production of Ep by the preswitch fetal liver in the adult environment was not dependent on the presence or absence of host kidneys and was stimulated by anemic hypoxia. These results suggest that the fetal liver is capable of producing relatively large amounts of Ep activity, and the production of Ep can be maintained in the adult environment in the presence of functional adult kidneys. This argues against suppression of liver Ep production by renal Ep, or some other factor in the postnatal environment, and suggests that the liver to kidney switch of Ep production during ontogeny may represent a genetically determined event. 相似文献
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Sinus, cold, and allergy remedies comprise the most widely used sector of the over-the-counter (OTC) drug market. Direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) of pharmaceutical products has increased over the past 30 years, including the promotion of OTC drugs. The influence of DTCA on OTC sinonasal remedies comprises several positive and negative effects. Favorable aspects of this influence include empowerment and promotion of autonomy among patients, avoidance of low-value clinical encounters, self-directed education, and decreased healthcare expenditures. This is balanced by potential concerns, including the lack of rigorous regulation of OTC drugs, the burden of self-diagnosis, the risk of unsupervised use resulting in adverse effects or drug interactions, and redistribution of pharmacy costs to the consumer. Despite the proliferation of product options and consumer-directed information, healthcare utilization and cost of treating sinonasal disease remains high. Moreover, the availability of OTC sinonasal remedies and exposure to DTCA has had mixed effects without apparent overall benefit to patient and consumer health. Laryngoscope, 130:2114–2119, 2020 相似文献