淄博市2006年疑似风疹病人的实验室诊断结果分析

目的:探讨淄博市2006年风疹疫情爆发的流行特点与发病趋势,对风疹疫情预防控制工作提供科学依据.方法:2006年全市各区县送检疑似风疹病人的血清968份,采用酶联免疫定性试验检测风疹IgM抗体.结果:检测标本968份,风疹抗体阳性340人,阳性率为35.12%,阴性628人.风疹发病年龄有后移现象,接近育龄期妇女.结论:加强风疹疫苗的常规免疫工作,提高风疹疫苗的接种率.同时加强大中专院校学生聚集场所风疹疫苗强化免疫工作.     

Attitudes Toward the Global Allocation of Chinese COVID-19 Vaccines: Cross-sectional Online Survey of Adults Living in China

BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccines are in short supply worldwide. China was among the first countries to pledge supplies of the COVID-19 vaccine as a global public product, and to date, the country has provided more than 600 million vaccines to more than 200 countries and regions with low COVID-19 vaccination rates. Understanding the public’s attitude in China toward the global distribution of COVID-19 vaccines could inform global and national decisions, policies, and debates.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the attitudes of adults living in China regarding the global allocation of COVID-19 vaccines developed in China and how these attitudes vary across provinces and by sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional online survey among adults registered with the survey company KuRunData. The survey asked participants 31 questions about their attitudes regarding the global allocation of COVID-19 vaccines developed in China. We disaggregated responses by province and sociodemographic characteristics. All analyses used survey sampling weights.ResultsA total of 10,000 participants completed the questionnaire. Participants generally favored providing COVID-19 vaccines to foreign countries before fulfilling domestic needs (75.6%, 95% CI 74.6%-76.5%). Women (3778/4921, 76.8%; odds ratio 1.18, 95% CI 1.07-1.32; P=.002) and those living in rural areas (3123/4065, 76.8%; odds ratio 1.13, 95% CI 1.01-1.27; P=.03) were especially likely to hold this opinion. Most respondents preferred providing financial support through international platforms rather than directly offering support to individual countries (72.1%, 95% CI 71%-73.1%), while for vaccine products they preferred direct provision to relevant countries instead of via a delivery platform such as COVAX (77.3%, 95% CI 76.3%-78.2%).ConclusionsAmong our survey sample, we found that adults are generally supportive of the international distribution of COVID-19 vaccines, which may encourage policy makers to support and implement the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines developed in China worldwide. Conducting similar surveys in other countries could help align policy makers’ actions on COVID-19 vaccine distribution with the preferences of their constituencies.     

新生儿颅内出血90例观察与护理

目的:探讨新生儿颅内出血(ICH)患儿的护理方法及其效果.方法:对90例新生儿颅内出血患儿进行回顾性分析,总结其护理方法及效果.结果:本组90例,治愈78例(86.7%),死亡12例(13.3%).对治愈的78例随访3个月,70例(89.7%)精神、发育、运动、智力正常.结论:认真观察新生儿颅内出血患儿的生命体征、有无惊厥、意识和精神状态、囟门、摄入情况,采取吸氧并保持呼吸道通畅、降低颅内压、保持正常体温、营养支持、并发症的治疗等治疗护理措施,可提高ICH的治愈率,降低后遗症的发生率与病死率.     

组织芯片技术与人工智能神经网络在大肠肿瘤诊断中的应用

目的：构建组织原位检测指标预测诊断大肠肿瘤的人工智能神经网络（ANN）模型,探讨组织芯片技术与ANN结合应用的可行性。方法：应用组织芯片技术检测ST13等8种组织原位检测指标在大肠肿瘤演进过程各阶段的表达,同时采用ANN构建相应的诊断模型。结果：采用Matlab6．5软件中提供的Kruskal-wal-lis H秩和检验函数,对这8种指标在正常大肠组织、大肠腺瘤和大肠癌组织中的阳性表达差异进行统计学检验,其中ST13、Bcl-2、Survivin和HSFlm RNA的表达,差异有统计学意义,P〈0．01;将8种指标随机组合,分别构建相应的ANN诊断模型,评价其各自的诊断效率,发现ST13、Bcl-2、Survivin与HSFl mRNA组合的ANN-BP模型预测准确率最高,其对正常大肠组织、大肠腺瘤和大肠癌训练集的预测准确率分别高达92.895％、94.163％和92.013％,对该ANN-BP网络诊断模型的盲法测试结果也分别高达85.714％、79.412％和72％。结论：组织芯片技术与ANN相结合,可以大大提高组织原位检测指标对大肠肿瘤的预测诊断效率。     

疏肝中药内服配合灌肠治疗慢性盆腔疼痛症

目的:通过与单纯灌肠疗法的近期及半年、一年复发情况的对比观察,证实内服疏肝中药在该病治疗中的有效性、重要性。方法:将70例患者随机分为两组,内服外灌组36例,以疏肝中药内服每日3次,配合每日一次中药灌肠;单纯灌肠组34例,每日中药灌肠一次。两组均以3周为一疗程,治疗二疗程。结果:内服外灌组愈显率86.1%,明显高于单纯灌肠组之52.9%。痊愈病例半年、一年后复发率内服外灌组分别为0、10%,低于单纯灌肠组10%、30%。经统计学处理,两组疗效有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:疏肝法配合灌肠治疗慢性盆腔疼痛症的疗效良好,可有效降低复发率。     

Ets-1在链脲左菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠模型视网膜内表达增强

目的:阐明Ets-1是否参与了实验性糖尿病视网膜病变过程.方法:腹腔注射链脲左菌素(STZ)来诱导糖尿病.STZ注射后4 wk,分离各组视网膜内总RNA和总蛋白,分别进行Northern blot和Western blot分析.结果:实验性糖尿病视网膜内Ets-1在mRNA水平和蛋白水平均明显高于对照组(P＜0.001).结论:实验结果表明Ets-1参与了实验性糖尿病视网膜的病理过程.进一步研究需要阐明Ets-1和VEGF关系.     

西安市2004年度4～6年级小学生动态眼屈光状况的横断面流行病学调查

目的:对在校小学生眼健康状况中的动态屈光基本情况进行横断面调查,为青少年眼保健提供基础资料.方法:采用前瞻性调查设计,对4～6年级小学生953人1906眼动态屈光状态等指标进行采集,输入编辑的专项应用程序,用SPSS11.0软件行统计分析.结果:4～6年级小学生在正常动态情况下,近视眼的发病率为74.5%,其中57.9%的低度近视,15.0%的中度近视,1.6%的高度近视;正视眼仅占22.2%,尚有3.4%的远视眼;3个年级组各屈光构成比相比,正视和低度近视组仍为主要构成,但较初小的低度近视比重上升,导致在其他构成基本稳定的同时,近视检出率升高.4～6年级小平均屈光度(-1.67±1.67)D,其中3个年级平均屈光度为:小4(-1.46±1.57)D,小5(-1.74±1.73)D,小6(-1.82±1.68)D,组间有显著性差异.女生平均屈光度(-1.74±1.64)D,大于男生(-1.61±1.69)D,提示4～6年级阶段女生的近视进展趋势仍早于男生.右眼平均屈光度(-1.73±1.63)D大于左眼(-1.611.69)D.结论:4～6年级各年级小学生总体屈光状态呈近视化上升趋势,右眼、女生在4～6年级屈光近视化进展期早于左眼、男生.     

Experimental and Numerical Study on the Penetration Performance of a Shaped Charge

In guided ammunition, because a shaped energy jet warhead is located behind the control cabin (including the guidance cabin, the steering gear cabin, and the flight control cabin), the penetration order of a shaped energy jet is the control cabin and the target plate. In order to obtain maximum penetration depth by a shaped energy jet into a Q235 steel plate, the penetration performance of shaped energy jets was studied by numerical simulation and experimental verification. Firstly, the penetration performance of a warhead under different conditions at a certain explosion height is studied, which is the penetration performance of a Q235 steel plate with and without the control cabin. Secondly, the numerical simulation results are verified by experimental method. The numerical simulation and experimental results showed that, after penetration of the shaped energy jet warhead into the control cabin, it continued to penetrate the 20 mm-thick Q235 steel plate. At a certain explosion height, the maximum penetration depth of the shaped energy jet warhead into the Q235 steel plate was about 80 mm. Alongside the numerical simulation and experiment, the armor-breaking process of the shaped charge jet was analyzed theoretically. The results show that when the shaped energy jet warhead is located behind the control cabin, although the control cabin will have a certain impact on the penetration ability of shaped energy jet, the penetration performance of the residual jet still has the ability to penetrate light armor.