老年高血压患者血压昼夜节律对左室肥厚的影响

【摘要】 目的 研究老年高血压患者的血压昼夜节律变化对左室肥厚的影响。方法 选取我院126例高血压患者,根据心脏彩超提示左室肥厚情况分为肥厚组（n=52例）和非肥厚组（n=74例）。比较两组动态血压指标及血压变异性,进行多因素分析探讨血压变异性对左室肥厚的影响。 结果 高血压肥厚组24h平均收缩压（24hSBP）、白天平均收缩压（dSBP）、夜间平均收缩压（nSBP）、24h收缩压标准差（24hSSD）、24h舒张压标准差（24hDSD）、白天收缩压标准差（dSSD）、夜间收缩压标准差（nSSD）均高于非肥厚组,差异有统计学意义（P＜005）。Logistic回归分析显示,24h SBP 与dSSD、nSSD为左室肥厚的独立危险因素（P＜005）。结论 老年高血压患者的24h SBP 与dSSD、nSSD是影响左室肥厚的独立危险因素,平稳控制血压对防止左室肥厚的发生有一定影响。     

利用组织芯片探讨PTEN在喉鳞状细胞癌中的表达

目的:探讨PTEN在喉癌中的表达以及与病理学分级、临床TNM分期和预后等因素的关系。方法:应用组织芯片技术结合免疫组织化学、原位杂交的方法对146例喉鳞状细胞癌、40例癌前期病变以及26例声带息肉患者组织中PTENmRNA以及蛋白的表达,结合临床相关因素进行统计分析。结果:PTEN蛋白在声带息肉中无表达,癌前期病变以及喉癌组织的阳性表达率分别为40.00%、43.15%。在喉癌组织中的表达与喉癌的病理分级以及预后差异有统计学意义,与发生部位、临床分期、淋巴结转移差异无统计学意义。PTEN在癌前期病变及喉癌组织的原位杂交阳性表达率分别为77.50%与59.59%。PTEN在癌前期病变以及喉癌组织的原位杂交阳性表达率高于免疫组织化学的蛋白阳性表达率。结论:组织微阵列是一种高效率的实验方法,具有快速、高精确度、节约资源的特点。PTEN的表达与喉癌的预后有关。     

Grape seed powder increases gastrointestinal motility

Grape seed is an important natural bioactive product with various health benefits. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are pacemaker cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The present study investigated the effects of grape seed powder (GSP) on ICC properties and GI motility. GSP depolarized the pacemaker potentials of ICCs in a dose‑dependent manner. Y25130 or SB269970 slightly inhibited GSP‑induced effects. However, Y25130 and SB269970 together completely blocked GSP-induced effects. In the presence of inhibitors of protein kinase C, protein kinase A, or mitogen-activated protein kinase, GSP‑induced ICC depolarization was inhibited. GSP increased the intestinal transit rate in normal mice and in mice with acetic acid-induced GI motility disorder. In addition, the levels of motilin and substance P were elevated after GSP dosing. These results demonstrate that GSP can regulate GI motility, and therefore, it is a potential therapeutic agent for treating GI motility disorders.     

彩色多普勒超声诊断锁骨下动脉窃血综合征

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声对锁骨下动脉窃血综合征的诊断价值。方法应用彩色多普勒超声观测颈动脉、颅内外段椎动脉、锁骨下动脉、无名动脉、基底动脉及大脑后动脉的声像图特征及血流动力学的状况。结果锁骨下动脉窃血综合征主要由动脉粥样硬化和多发性大动脉炎所致,且两种原因在年龄组成、性别分布、好发部位上差异有统计学意义。锁骨下动脉窃血综合征患侧血供的代偿主要来自对侧的椎动脉。结论彩色多普勒超声对绝大多数锁骨下动脉窃血综合征可明确诊断。     

Effect of Hearing Rehabilitation Therapy Program in Hearing Aid Users: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

ObjectivesDespite sufficient hearing gains, many patients with hearing loss have difficulty using hearing aids due to poor word recognition ability. This study was performed to introduce our hearing rehabilitation therapy (HRT) program for hearing aid users and to evaluate its effect on hearing improvement.MethodsIn this prospective randomized case-control study, 37 participants with moderate or moderate-severe sensorineural hearing loss who had used bilateral hearing aids for more than 3 months with sufficient functional hearing gain were enrolled in this study. Nineteen participants were randomly assigned to the control group (CG) and 18 patients were assigned to participate in our HRT program once a week for 8 consecutive weeks (hearing rehabilitation therapy group [HRTG]). Their hearing results and questionnaire scores for hearing handicap and hearing aid outcomes were prospectively collected and compared between the two groups.ResultsAfter completing 8 weeks of the HRT program, the HRTG showed a significantly greater improvement in scores for consonant-only and consonant-vowel sound perception than the CG (P<0.05). In addition, the HRTG showed a significant improvement in hearing ability as measured by two questionnaires (P<0.05), while no differences were observed in the CG. However, word and sentence recognition test results did not show significant differences between the two groups.ConclusionEven after short-term HRT, patients had subjectively better hearing outcomes and improved phoneme perception ability; this provides scientific evidence regarding a possible positive role for HRT programs in hearing aid users. Further validation in a larger population through a long-term follow-up study is needed.     

Comparative toxicity of silicon dioxide,silver and iron oxide nanoparticles after repeated oral administration to rats

Although silicon dioxide (SiO₂), silver (Ag) and iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) nanoparticles are widely used in diverse applications from food to biomedicine, in vivo toxicities of these nanoparticles exposed via the oral route remain highly controversial. To examine the systemic toxicity of these nanoparticles, well‐dispersed nanoparticles were orally administered to Sprague–Dawley rats daily over a 13‐week period. Based on the results of an acute toxicity and a 14‐day repeated toxicity study, 975.9, 1030.5 and 1000 mg kg^–1 were selected as the highest dose of the SiO₂, Ag and Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles, respectively, for the 13‐week repeated oral toxicity study. The SiO₂ and Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles did not induce dose‐related changes in a number of parameters associated with the systemic toxicity up to 975.9 and 1000 mg kg^–1, respectively, whereas the Ag nanoparticles resulted in increases in serum alkaline phosphatase and calcium as well as lymphocyte infiltration in liver and kidney, raising the possibility of liver and kidney toxicity induced by the Ag nanoparticles. Compared with the SiO₂ and Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles showing no systemic distribution in all tissues tested, the Ag concentration in sampled blood and organs in the Ag nanoparticle‐treated group significantly increased with a positive and/or dose‐related trend, meaning that the systemic toxicity of the Ag nanoparticles, including liver and kidney toxicity, might be explained by extensive systemic distribution of Ag originating from the Ag nanoparticles. Our current results suggest that further study is required to identify that Ag detected outside the gastrointestinal tract were indeed a nanoparticle form or ionized form. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells

Bioassay-guided fractionation of an 80% MeOH extract of leaves and twigs of Juglan sinensis has resulted in the isolation of four new triterpenes (1-4) and 17 known triterpenes (5-21). The new compounds were determined to be 1-oxo-3β,23-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 1-oxo-3β-hydroxyolean-18-ene (2), 3β,23-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), and 3β,22α-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4) by spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 2, 13, 15, and 21 showed antiproliferative activities (14.2, 14.8, 15.6, and 11.0% at 100 μM, respectively) in HSC-T6 cells. Flow cytometry assays revealed that these compounds inhibited HSC-T6 proliferation by inducing apoptosis.     

中国不同地区三棱的化学特征比较

Objective: To compare the chemical characters of Sparganii Rhizoma from different areas via chromatographic analysis and to establish a sensitive LC/MS method for quality assessment of Sparganii Rhizoma.Methods: Under the optimised HPLC-PDA chromatographic conditions,twenty batches of Sparganii Rhizoma were analyzed by HPLC fingerprints.Principal component analysis(PCA),orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)and hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA)were performed based on all peak areas of Sparganii Rhizoma fingerprints.Meanwhile,part of common peaks were subsequently quantified by UFLC-QTRAP-MS.Results: The similarity values of HPLC fingerprints fluctuated in a wide range of 0.511–0.973,which showed variable differences of chemical characters among Sparganii Rhizoma from twenty habitats.PCA,OPLS-DA and HCA indicated that samples could be divided into five groups with different chemical characters,which generally corresponded with their geographical distributions.A total of 31 peaks in HPLC fingerprints were marked,and eight of them were identified and quantified.The quantitative result was generally in agreement with the classifications based on HPLC fingerprints,which indicated that Sparganii Rhizoma samples from eastern China mostly contained more contents including phenolic acids and flavonoids.Conclusion: This study not only proved that there were relationships between geographic distributions and internal chemical compositions of plants,which could provide evidence to the traditional Chinese medicine concept "geo-authentic",but also supplied a sensitive and rapid simultaneous quantitive method for the quality estimation of Sparganii Rhizoma.     

LASIK动物模型建立的分析探讨

目的:探讨有效、合理地建立LASIK动物模型的方法。方法:通过对乌拉坦腹腔麻醉与戊巴比妥钠耳缘静脉麻醉、眼球脱臼与外眦切开、手术后睑裂缝合与角膜暴露、鼻侧与上方角膜瓣等不同麻醉方法、不同眼球固定方法、术后角膜状态、不同方位角膜瓣的比较,探讨有效、合理地建立LASIK动物模型的方法。结果:200g/L乌拉坦腹腔麻醉、眼球脱臼、术后角膜暴露、鼻侧角膜瓣等可以有效避免动物意外死亡、眼球吸附不牢固、角膜瓣移位等并发症。结论:200g/L乌拉坦腹腔麻醉、眼球脱臼、术后角膜暴露、鼻侧角膜瓣可以合理地建立LASIK动物模型。