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101.
Johan Lataster Dina Collip Jenny Ceccarini Dennis Hernaus David Haas Linda Booij Jim van Os Jens Pruessner Koen Van Laere Inez Myin-Germeys 《Schizophrenia bulletin》2014,40(1):66-77
Objective: Patients diagnosed with a psychotic disorder and their first-degree relatives display increased reactivity to stress. Theory predicts that experience of psychosocial stress is associated both with ventromedial prefrontal and mesolimbic dopamine neurotransmission. However, while there is evidence of aberrant striatal dopamine processing in psychotic disorder, the role of the prefrontal cortex remains under-researched. This study aimed at investigating stress-induced in vivo dopamine release in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) of individuals at familial risk for psychosis. Method: Fourteen healthy first-degree relatives of patients with a diagnosis of psychotic disorder and 10 control subjects underwent a single dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) scanning session after intravenous administration of 183.2 (SD = 7.6) MBq [18F]fallypride. Psychosocial stress was initiated at 100min postinjection using a computerized mental arithmetic task with social evaluative threat components. PET data were analyzed using the linearized simplified reference region model. Regression analyses were performed to compare the spatial extent of task-related ligand displacement between control subjects and relatives and to find how it related to self-rated experiences of psychosocial stress and psychosis. Results: First-degree relatives displayed hyporeactive dopamine signaling in the vmPFC in response to stress. Increased levels of subjectively rated stress were associated with increased intensity of psychotic experiences. This effect was particularly pronounced in first-degree relatives. Conclusion: Although previous studies have hypothesized a role for prefrontal dopamine dysfunction in psychosis, this study, to our knowledge, is the first in vivo human imaging study showing attenuated (ie, hyporeactive) dopamine stress neuromodulation in vmPFC of individuals at familial risk for psychosis.Key words: schizophrenia, positron emission tomography, neuromodulation, relatives, mesolimbic, salience 相似文献
102.
目的 探讨暖贴加热法溶解甘露醇结晶在临床应用中的可行性.方法 选择2012年10月至2013年4月期间结晶的甘露醇400袋,按单双号随机分成对照组和试验组,各200袋.对照组采用温水浸泡溶解的方法,试验组采用贴暖贴加热溶解的方法,观察比较两种不同方法甘露醇结晶的溶解时间、输注过程中再次析出结晶的例数及出现局部疼痛或静脉炎等情况.结果 与对照组比较,试验组溶解甘露醇结晶时间均明显缩短、温度保持时间延长、输注过程再次析出结晶的例数减少、局部刺激疼痛和静脉炎发生率明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 暖贴加热法溶解甘露醇结晶操作简单、方便快捷、安全可行、并发症少、应用效果显著,值得在临床推广应用. 相似文献
103.
104.
Butany J Nair V Ahluwalia MS Graba J El Demellawy D Rao V Ross H 《The Canadian journal of cardiology》2004,20(9):911-914
The present report describes a case of eosinophilic myocarditis complicating hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The 47-year-old female patient, known to have hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, was admitted with biventricular failure and managed aggressively with dobutamine infusion and other drugs while being assessed for heart transplantation. On transthoracic echocardiogram, she had moderate left ventricular dysfunction with regional variability and moderate mitral regurgitation. The recipient's heart showed the features of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and myocarditis with abundant eosinophils. Myocarditis is rare and eosinophilic myocarditis is rarer. It is likely that the hypersensitivity (eosinophilic) myocarditis was related to dobutamine infusion therapy. Eosinophilic myocarditis has been reported with an incidence of 2.4% to 7.2% in explanted hearts and may be related to multidrug therapy. 相似文献
105.
Giorgio Mariani M.D. Maurizio Tedoli M.D. Roberto Dina M.D. Ivano Giacomini M.D. 《Diseases of the colon and rectum》1987,30(8):626-629
Diverticulum of the cecum is a rare, benign, generally asymptomatic lesion that manifests itself only following inflammatory or hemorrhagic complications. A personal series of six cases discusses the difficulty of differential diagnosis at both the preoperative and intraoperative levels. The preferable treatment is simple resection. 相似文献
106.
107.
Dina El-Dahshan Doaa Bahy Ahmed Wahid Amr E. Ahmed Amro Hanora 《Arab Journal Of Gastroenterology》2018,19(3):106-115
Background and study aims
The double-stranded RNA dependent protein kinase (PKR) plays a vital role in the immune system. During HCV infection, PKR has antiviral effect by inhibition of protein synthesis of the HCV. The functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PKR promoter region might have a relation to HCV disease outcome and response to treatment. The objective of the present work was threefold. First, it proposed an optimized protocol for PCR amplification of PKR promoter. Second, it screened the promoter region of PKR gene in HCV Egyptian patients to detect the possible SNPs’ function. Third, to study the association between the detected SNPs and the response to treatment.Patients and methods
The functional SNPs in PKR promoter region were detected using DNA sequencing in 40 HCV infected patients; 20 sustained virologic response (SVR) patients and 20 nonresponse (NR) patients after combined interferon/ribavirin therapy. Twenty healthy subjects were included as a control.Results
Two functional SNPs were detected: rs62133148T>G and rs12992188C>T within our target PKR promoter region. In rs62133148 polymorphism, there is a significant difference between patients and control subjects for TT and TG genotypes (p?<?0.0001). In addition, the G allele is more predominant in HCV patients. In rs12992188 polymorphism, the CC genotype is significantly different between patients and healthy control subjects (OR/95% CI: 0.033/0.006–0.172, p?<?0.0001). The presence of C allele was significantly associated with the NR patients (OR/95%CI: 0.25/0.097–0.643, p?=?0.006). The TT genotype is significantly different between SVR and NR (OR/95%CI: 8.5/1.54–46.871, p?=?0.014).Conclusion
This study is a pioneer clinical study on these two functional SNPs (rs62133148T>G and rs12992188 C>T). The rs62133148 polymorphism does not show any association with response to treatment. The TT genotype in rs12992188 polymorphism shows association with response to treatment. Therefore, patients with TT genotypes were more likely to achieve SVR. 相似文献108.
Isabella Quinti Diaa El Salman Mohamed K. Monier Barbara G. Hackbart Magdi S. Darwish Dina El-Zamiaty Roberto Paganelli F. Pandolfi Ray R. Arthur 《Digestive diseases and sciences》1997,42(10):2017-2023
The diagnostics of community-acquired acute HCVhepatitis in an endemic area was studied in 110 Egyptianpatients with acute jaundice. In the first week of thejaundiced period 30 of 110 patients (27.3%) had anti-HCVantibodies. The majority already showed high levels ofanti-HCV IgG (25/30), associated with anti-HCV IgM innine of them. Five patients showed only an HCV IgMreactivity. Seven had also anti-HEV and/or anti-HBV: their jaundice couldthen be related to an acute infection caused by thoseviruses. All patients were infected with genotype 4a, inthree associated with the 3a. During the follow-up five patients seroconverted for IgG, whiletheir anti-HCV IgM did not show a uniform pattern ofreactivity. Patients with positive serology suspected ofan acute HCV infection were older than the patients with other acute hepatitis and showed a lowerpeak of ALT level. Seroconversion during acute hepatitisstrongly indicated HCV as the etiologic agent. However,the detection of anti-HCV IgG antibodies in the jaundiced period showed that the majorityof patients had already seroconverted to anti-HCVantibodies; in most of them it is possible tohypothesize a reactivation of a chronic HCVinfection. 相似文献
109.
Objective
To describe the activity of daily living and behavioural and complex care needs of residents born in non‐English‐speaking countries in Australian aged care facilities.Methods
De‐identified cross‐sectional data were provided by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare for all residents in government‐funded facilities on 30 June 2015. Analyses included t‐tests, chi‐squared tests and logistic regressions.Results
A total of 33 168 (19%) residents were born in one of 188 non‐English‐speaking countries. Compared to residents born in English‐speaking countries, they were significantly younger, lived in larger facilities, were more likely to be male and live in an urban area. Their care requirements were greater for activities of daily living and behavioural and complex care. Residents from non‐English‐speaking countries living in ethno‐specific facilities had higher levels of these needs.Conclusion
The needs of residents born in non‐English‐speaking countries should be considered when planning aged care services.110.