16‐Year follow‐up of an avulsed maxillary central incisor after replantation following 10‐h storage: An unusual case

Tooth avulsion is a type of dental injury defined as the complete displacement of a tooth out of the alveolar socket, and the lack of prompt treatment measures can result in the loss of function, poor quality of life, and psychological and social problems. However, several factors may not permit the immediate replantation of an avulsed tooth; therefore, delayed replantation has emerged as an alternative to meet the esthetic, functional, and psychological demands of patients. Here it was described that the successful replantation of an avulsed maxillary central incisor in a 9‐year‐old boy who presented at the clinic with the tooth stored in unfavorable conditions as dry and then in olive oil‐milk mixture almost 10 h after the event. The tooth has remained in its socket healthy for 16 years after treatment. The patient was satisfied with both esthetics and function.     

Long-term impacts of vaginal birth with mediolateral episiotomy on sexual and pelvic dysfunction and perineal pain

Objective: To investigate whether spontaneous vaginal birth with mediolateral episiotomy has any long-term impact on urinary and/or fecal incontinence, sexual dysfunction and perineal pain in primiparous women.

Methods: This matched case-control study included 150 women between 25 and 35 years old who had a singleton childbirth at least five years previously. Patients were grouped as; women who had a spontaneous vaginal delivery with mediolateral episiotomy (Group 1), an elective cesarean delivery (Group 2), and who had no delivery (Group 3). Controls were matched for age and delivery time. Urinary/fecal incontinence were questioned and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire was completed. Total FSFI and domain scores were compared. Statistical evaluation was performed using One-way ANOVA test or χ² test. Statistical significance was defined as p?Results: No women had urinary/fecal incontinence nor sexual dysfunction. Mean total FSFI points in Group 1 were significantly lower than in Groups 2 and 3 (p?=?0.001). There were significant differences in sexual desire between groups 1 and 3 (p?=?0.005), in arousal and in orgasm between both groups 1 and 2 (p?=?0.001 and p?=?0.038, respectively) and groups 1 and 3 (p?=?0.001 and p?=?0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 in any parameters or total points.

Conclusions: Vaginal delivery with mediolateral episiotomy is not associated with urinary and/or fecal incontinence and sexual dysfunction but associated with a decreased sexual functioning as well as sexual desire, arousal and orgasm within postpartum five years.     

IMMUNOGENICITY OF HEPATITIS A VACCINE IN CHILDREN WITH CANCER

This study evaluated the immuned response of the hepatitis A vaccine in children with cancer who were receiving chemotherapy. Twenty-eight patients with lymphomas or solid tumors and who had negative serology for hepatitis A were enrolled. The median age was 4.7 years (range 2–16). The patients received 1440 IU hepatitis A vaccine at 0 and 6 months. Seroconversion rates at the first and seventh months were 60% (n = 17/28 patients) and 89% (n = 24/27 patients). No adverse effects were observed. The hepatitis A vaccine was found to be effective and safe in children with cancer.