Lipoma arborescens; successfully treated by yttrium-90 radiosynovectomy

Although radiosynovectomy (RS) applications have been carried out for many years, clinical indications of this non-invasive procedure is thought to be limited probably due to the lack of information of clinicians. Clinicians' preferential indication for RS is the treatment-resistant synovitis of individual joints, i.e. despite systemic pharmacotherapy and intra-articular steroid injections. We present here a case of "lipoma arborescens" treated by yttrium-90, which is a rare intra-articular lesion characterized by villous proliferation of the synovial membrane and hyperplasia of subsynovial fat. The results of clinical, biochemical and hematological examinations, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, arthroscopy and histological analysis have shown that the etiology was lipoma arborescens in a female patient, aged 36 having swelling and sometimes associating pain at her right knee for 4 years. We have applied to our patient's right knee RS with 185 MBq yttrium-90 colloid together with 40 mg of methylprednisolone acetate, although in our literature survey we have not met any similar case being treated with such indication. Even a year after the application, the patient has absolutely benefited from the treatment clinically, and this was also confirmed by comparative MR images (pre- and post-treatment). Consequently, we consider that Y-90 treatment might be applicable in suitable cases with lipoma arborescens.     

Impact of toilet hygiene training program: results from 11- to 16-year-old secondary school Turkish children

Objectives

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of toilet hygiene education in secondary school students.

Methods

The study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test–post-test design and includes a control group. The study was conducted at a secondary school in Istanbul, Turkey with 100 students (50 students for experiment and 50 students for control). The experiment and control groups were in the same school population. Data were collected with the student information form and toilet hygiene evaluation form (THEF), which were developed by the researchers.

Results

When we examined the toilet hygiene techniques used by the students, they indicated 58 % (n = 58) wiped perinea from front to back, 25 % (n = 25) back to front and 17 % (n = 17) randomly. It was found that 69 % (n = 69) of the students changed their underwear every 2–3 days; 80 % (n = 80) were trained by parents on toilet hygiene. Total THEF scores, which were obtained pre and post (shortly after) education, showed significant differences in the experiment group (p = 0.000). Total THEF scores obtained post education (shortly after and 1 month later) showed significant differences in the experiment group (p = 0.009).

Conclusions

The toilet hygiene education program is found to be successful in secondary school students.     

Some compositional properties and mineral contents of carob (Ceratonia siliqua) fruit,flour and syrup

The approximate composition and mineral contents of carob fruit (Ceratonia siliqua), and the traditional foods produced from this fruit, carob flour and carob syrup, were studied. Protein, crude fiber and ash content and energy values of carob syrup were lower than the values of both carob fruit and carob flour. According to the results, the total sugar content, the most important constituents of carob products, were 48.35%, 41.55% and 63.88% for fruit, flour and syrup, respectively. These products contained high amounts of calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium and phosphorus, which were the most abundant elements in carob fruits (P<0.05). Among the samples, potassium, phosphorus and calcium had the highest values in carob syrup, respectively. Carob flour also contained these elements in high amounts, with the addition of sodium. We extended the notion that carob fruit, flour and syrup were rich sources of carbohydrates, proteins and minerals.     

Nutritional composition,microbiological and sensory properties of dried melon: A traditional Turkmen product

Seven different cultivars (Taze vaharman, Gökjek, Arap hatl?, Türkmen vaharman?, Torl? payendeke, Yazk? bi?ek, G?z?l gülab?) of honeydew melons (Cucumis melo L.) from Turkmenistan were processed to a dried traditional product known as ‘kavun kak?’ in order to evaluate the most suitable cultivar for drying process. The chemical composition (dry matter, crude oil, crude protein, crude fibre, energy, ash, water-soluble solids, total sugar, invert sugar, titratable acidity, pH and mineral contents) of the products was determined. The microbiological load (total aerobic bacteria, coliform bacteria and yeasts–moulds) of the samples were also evaluated. There were no significant differences between the odour, taste and texture scores of all the cultivars according to acceptance sensory analysis. The Türkmen Vaharman? and Torl? payendeke samples had the highest colour scores.     

The effect of local administration of N-acetylcysteine in perforated rat tympanic membrane: an experimental study in myringosclerosis.

Myringosclerosis (MyS) is a common sequela of acute and chronic otitis media and ventilation tube treatment of serous otitis media. We aimed to study the effect of topical administration of N -acetylcysteine (NAC) on MyS by assessment of otomicroscopic evaluation, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide (NO) (nitrite/nitrate) levels in experimental myringotomized rat tympanic membrane. Thirty adult rats were used and the upper posterior quadrant of the tympanic membranes of rats was myringotomized. Thereafter, they were divided into four groups. Group I received no treatment, group II was treated with saline, groups III and IV were treated with topical NAC (0.1 ml of 6 and 12 mg ml(-1), respectively). The levels of nitrite/nitrate and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in serum samples. In the otomicroscopic evaluation, non-treated and saline treated ears (controls) showed extensive occurrence of myringosclerotic plaques. Groups III and IV showed fewer occurrences of sclerotic plaques. There was no significant difference between groups III and IV regarding the development of MyS. The development of myringosclerotic lesion was found to be significantly different between NAC treated groups (III and IV) and the control groups (I and II). The levels of nitrite/nitrate of both groups III and IV were significantly lower than the control groups. The levels of MDA of these groups were also significantly lower than the control group. The relationship between groups III and IV was not statistically significant for the levels of nitrite/nitrate and MDA. We conclude that the topical treatment of NAC reduces the levels of MDA and NO products in rats. These results suggest that topical NAC application may be useful for the prevention of MyS.     

Synthesis and antifungal activities of some aryl(benzofuran-2-yl)ketoximes

In this study, some aryl(benzofuran-2-yl)ketoximes and their ethers and esters were synthesised. The structure elucidation of the compounds was performed by IR, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopic data and elemental analyses results. Antifungal activities of the compounds were examined and notable activity was obtained.     

Synthesis,cytotoxicity, and antibacterial studies of 2,4,5,6-substituted hexahydro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

In this study, synthesis of novel isoindole-1,3-dione analogues bearig halo, hydroxy, and acetoxy groups at the position 4,5,6 of the bicyclic imide ring was performed to examine their potential anticancer effects against some cell lines. A multistep chemical pathway was used to synthesize the derivatives. The cytotoxic effect of trisubstituted isoindole derivatives were evaluated by determining cellular viability using the MTT assay against A549, PC-3, HeLa, Caco-2, and MCF-7 cell lines. The C-2 selective ring-opening products were obtained from the ring-opening reaction of 5-alkyl/aryl-2-hydroxyhexahydro-4H-oxireno[2,3-e]isoindole-4,6(5H)-diones with nucleophiles such as chloride (Cl⁻) and bromide (Br⁻) ions. In addition, the ring-opening products halodiols were converted to their related acetates. The anticancer activity of synthesized isoindole-1,3-dione derivatives was investigated against HeLa, A549, MCF-7, PC3, and Caco-2 cells in vitro and resulted in varies cytotoxic effect depend on the group attached to the isoindole molecule. Furthermore, the evaluation of the antimicrobial action of trisubstituted isoindole derivatives against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria was assessed and found out selective inhibition of the both bacterial growth via different trisubstituted isoindole derivatives. The results of this work encourage further research on the potential utilization of trisubstituted isoindole derivatives as cytotoxic and antimicrobial agents.     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity, and Pro‐Apoptosis Activity of Etodolac Hydrazide Derivatives as Anticancer Agents

Etodolac hydrazide and a novel series of etodolac hydrazide‐hydrazones 3 – 15 and etodolac 4‐thiazolidinones 16 – 26 were synthesized in this study. The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectral (FT‐IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, HREI‐MS) methods. Some selected compounds were determined at one dose toward the full panel of 60 human cancer cell lines by the National Cancer Institute (NCI, Bethesda, USA). 2‐(1,8‐Diethyl‐1,3,4,9‐tetrahydropyrano[3,4‐b]indole‐1‐yl)acetic acid[(4‐chlorophenyl)methylene]hydrazide 9 demonstrated the most marked effect on the prostate cancer cell line PC‐3, with 58.24% growth inhibition at 10^?5 M (10 µM). Using the MTT colorimetric method, compound 9 was evaluated in vitro against the prostate cell line PC‐3 and the rat fibroblast cell line L‐929, for cell viability and growth inhibition at different doses. Compound 9 exhibited anticancer activity with an IC₅₀ value of 54 µM (22.842 µg/mL) against the PC‐3 cells and did not display any cytotoxicity toward the L‐929 rat fibroblasts, compared to etodolac. In addition, this compound was evaluated for caspase‐3 and Bcl‐2 activation in the apoptosis pathway, which plays a key role in the treatment of cancer.     

beta2 adrenoceptor (ADRB2) pharmacogenetics and cardiovascular phenotypes during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation

Pharmacogenetics is the study of genetic variations that cause a variable drug response characterized by alteration in drug metabolism or in pharmacodynamics. The polymorphisms in genes encoding receptors relevant to treatment cause variation in sensitivity to many drugs. beta2 Adrenoceptor genetic variation contributes to regulation of blood pressure and hemodynamic changes by mediating peripheral vasodilatation. Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation associated with hemodynamic changes. Although there are four nonsynomic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of beta2 adrenoceptor gene, codon 16 (Arg16Gly) and codon 27 (Gln27Glu) SNPs are both common and functionally important. In this paper, the authors investigated the beta2 adrenoceptor Gly16 and Glu27 SNPs in response to drugs relevant to anesthesia and how these SNPs impacted upon the cardiovascular phenotypes. The authors measured arterial systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and rate-pressure product before induction of anesthesia and 1 min following laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Genomic DNA was amplified and genotyped using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (ASPCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assays, respectively. When the authors compared hemodynamic results according to genotypes, the patients with Gln homozygote allele at codon 27 exhibited significant increase of heart rate than patients with Glu allele after laryngoscope and tracheal intubation.