氟伐他汀对高脂血症患者的降脂及改善血液流变学疗效

目的：研究氟伐他汀对高血脂患者的降脂及改善血液流变学临床疗效。方法：选择是血患者４６例,给予氟伐他汀口服４０ｍｇ,每晚一次,一周后改为２０ｍｇ、疗程４－８周,分别观测治疗前、后的血脂及血液流变学指标。结果：治疗后的ＴＣ、ＴＧ及ＬＤＬ均明显降低,而ＨＤＬ升高不明显。全血比粘度、血浆比粘度及红细胞压积均明显降低,结论：氟伐他汀不但能降低ＴＣ、ＴＧ及ＬＤＬ水平,而且能改善流变学指标。     

血红素加氧酶与动脉粥样硬化

目的:分析血红素加氧酶与动脉粥样硬化的关系和目前研究进展。资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline1995-01/2006-03相关文章,检索词“heme oxygenase,carbon monoxide,bilirubin,artherosclerosis”,并限定文章语言种类为“English”。同时用计算机检索CMB数据库1995-01/2006-03期间的相关文章,限定检索词为“血红素加氧酶、血红素氧合酶、一氧化碳、胆红素、动脉粥样硬化”。资料选择:选择血红素加氧酶与动脉粥样硬化相关的研究,并查找全文。纳入标准:①血红素加氧酶与动脉粥样硬化的相关研究。②胆红素、一氧化碳与动脉粥样硬化的关系。排除标准:①重复研究。②综述文章。资料提炼:共收集到有关血红素加氧酶和动脉粥样硬化方面文章214篇,排除重复或类似研究,然后总结血红素加氧酶与动脉粥样硬化的关系。资料综合:血红素加氧酶能将血红素催化降解成具有不同生物活性的铁、一氧化碳及胆红素。目前很多证据显示血红素加氧酶1及其代谢产物是氧化应激时体内一种重要的保护性蛋白。一方面限制血红素对机体的有害作用。另一方面其代谢产物胆红素具有抗氧化的作用。胆红素具有重要的抗氧化和抗血管损伤后内膜增殖的作用;CO有重要的抗炎、抗平滑肌细胞增殖作用。结论:血红素加氧酶可以明显的对抗动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展,并对血管介入术后再狭窄有重要的预防作用。     

Comparison between anatomical polyester (Parietex) mesh and polypropylene (Prolene) mesh with fixation in total extraperitoneal repair for inguinal hernia

Introduction: Laparoscopic inguinal hernia surgery has been gaining in worldwide popularity, with the total extraperitoneal (TEP) repair gaining greater acceptance than the transabdominal pre‐peritoneal repair. Most techniques using TEP advocate some form of fixation of the prosthesis, but newer meshes avoid the use of fixation. Methods: We compared the use of the polyester mesh (Parietex; Tyco, Princeton, USA) without fixation and polypropylene (Prolene; Ethicon, USA) mesh with fixation using either ProTack (Tyco, USA) or EndoAnchor (Ethicon, Cincinnati, USA) in a consecutive series of patients who underwent total TEP endoscopic inguinal hernia repair. Results: Of 127 patients who underwent TEP repairs, 60 had Parietex mesh while 67 had Prolene mesh with fixation. The mean age was 50 years old and 97% were men. There was no difference in patient demographics or complication rate. The most common complication was small seroma or hematoma formation in 14% of patients and none required re‐operation. There was no hernia recurrence in either group with a mean follow‐up period of 13 months. Conclusion: This study shows that in laparoscopic TEP inguinal hernia repair, early results indicate comparable results between the use of polyester (Parietex) mesh without fixation and polypropylene (Prolene) mesh with fixation.     

Helical prospective ECG-gating in cardiac computed tomography: radiation dose and image quality

Helical prospective ECG-gating (pECG) may reduce radiation dose while maintaining the advantages of helical image acquisition for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Aim of this study was to evaluate helical pECG–gating in CCTA in regards to radiation dose and image quality. 86 patients undergoing 64-multislice CCTA were enrolled. pECG-gating was performed in patients with regular heart rates (HR) < 65 bpm; with the gating window set at 70–85% of the cardiac cycle. All patients received oral and some received additional IV beta-blockers to achieve HR < 65 bpm. In patients with higher or irregular HR, or for functional evaluation, retrospective ECG-gating (rECG) was performed. The average X-ray dose was estimated from the dose length product. Each arterial segment (modified AHA/ACC 17-segment-model) was evaluated on a 4-point image quality scale (4 = excellent; 3 = good, mild artefact; 2 = acceptable, some artefact, 1 = uninterpretable). pECG-gating was applied in 57 patients, rECG-gating in 29 patients. There was no difference in age, gender, body mass index, scan length or tube output settings between both groups. HR in the pECG-group was 54.7 bpm (range, 43–64). The effective radiation dose was significantly lower for patients scanned with pECG-gating with mean 6.9 mSv ± 1.9 (range, 2.9–10.7) compared to rECG with 16.9 mSv ± 4.1 (P < 0.001), resulting in a mean dose reduction of 59.2%. For pECG-gating, out of 969 coronary segments, 99.3% were interpretable. Image quality was excellent in 90.2%, good in 7.8%, acceptable in 1.3% and non-interpretable in 0.7% (n = 7 segments). For patients with steady heart rates <65 bpm, helical prospective ECG-gating can significantly lower the radiation dose while maintaining high image quality.     

HPLC-MAXPLOT UV检测法测定血清中丹那唑及其代谢产物

本文建立了同时测定人体血清中丹那唑(Ⅰ)及其主要代谢产物2-羟甲基妊娠素(Ⅱ)和其它代谢产物妊娠素(Ⅲ)的高效液相色谱法。方法用YWG C18柱并以甲醇—水(74:26)作为流动相,应用紫外最大吸收作图法(maxplot)检测技术,以UV 285,240nm分别测定Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅲ。使原型药和代谢产物都达到较高检测灵敏度。同时对方法的专一性、准确性和精密度等方面进行了评价,并应用于临床监测。     

赛庚啶对离体犬心肌肌质网Ca2+,Mg2+—ATP酶活性和45Ca2+摄取功能的影响

当赛庚啶浓度在8×10^-6mol/L～2×10^-4mol/L之间时,该药对正常犬心肌肌质网Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺—ATP酶活性几乎没有影响,仅在10^-3mol/L时对该酶活性才有一定的抑制作用(抑制率为39.85%,P<0.01)。正常犬心肌肌质网的⁴⁵Ca²⁺摄取过程有明显的时间依赖性,至第30 min,其⁴⁵Ca²⁺摄取量可达312.79±22.25 nmol/mg protein.赛庚啶对心肌肌质网的~(45)Ca²⁺摄取有一定的抑制作用,其IC₅₀为1.94×10^-4mol/L。     

Mutations causing achondroplasia and thanatophoric dysplasia alter bFGF- induced calcium signals in human diploid fibroblasts

Mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene family recently have been shown to underlie several hereditary disorders of bone development, with specific FGFR3 mutations causing achondroplasia (Ach) and thanatophoric dysplasia (TD). However, for none of these mutations has the defect in receptor function been demonstrated directly and, therefore, for none has the pathophysiological mechanism of the disease been defined. Using our established techniques for single-cell ratiometric real-time calcium image analysis, we defined the nature of the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced calcium signal in human diploid fibroblasts, and, in blinded studies, have analyzed the bFGF-induced signals from 18 independent fibroblast cell lines, including multiple lines from patients with known mutant alleles of FGFR3 and syndromes of Ach or TD. Control cells responded with transient increases in intracellular calcium, with many cells showing oscillatory calcium waves. Homozygous Ach cell lines failed to signal, whereas heterozygous Ach lines responded nearly normally. We observed heterogeneous signals in TD heterozygotes: the unresponsive lines all turned out to carry TD1 alleles, whereas all responsive lines had TD2 alleles. Since FGFR1, 2 and 3 receptors are known to be expressed in fibroblasts, our results suggest that specific mutant FGFR3 alleles can function in a dosage-dependent dominant-negative fashion to inactivate FGFR signaling.