石淋通颗粒质量标准的研究

目的制定石淋通颗粒的质量标准。方法对处方中的广金钱草进行了薄层鉴别。用紫外分光光度法测定了制剂中总黄酮的含量。检测波长为274nm。结果薄层鉴别方法专属性强,含量测定通过方法学考察,总黄酮以芦丁计在0.050125mg~0.30075mg范围内,呈良好的线性关系。芦丁的平均回收率为99.40%(n=9),RSD为0.93%。结论方法简便、准确、重现性好。可用于控制石淋通颗粒质量。     

女性痤疮患者血清性激素水平的变化

目的:探讨女性痤疮患者血清性激素水平的变化及与临床的关系.方法:检测31例迟发性痤疮患者、49例青春期痤疮患者及其同龄正常对照女性血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)、睾酮(T)、黄体酮(P)及催乳素(PRL),并进行统计学分析.结果:青春期痤疮患者组和迟发性痤疮患者组血清T水平较同龄正常对照组均显著性增高(P＜0.01),而E2较同龄正常对照组均显著性降低(P＜0.01),两组之间血清性激素水平无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:性激素水平异常和痤疮的发生有着密切的关系.     

五痹胶囊抗硬皮病模型小鼠实验研究

目的:研究五痹胶囊对硬皮病小鼠模型的影响,并进一步探讨其抗硬皮病的作用机制。方法:用博来霉素皮下注射建立硬皮病小鼠模型,随机将小鼠分为正常对照组、模型对照组、五痹胶囊低、中、高剂量组及薄芝片组,灌胃给予不同剂量的药物,观察各组小鼠皮肤肺组织病理学改变、皮肤厚度、胶原含量的变化,并相互比较。结果:各治疗组小鼠皮肤硬化程度可得到一定的改善,皮肤厚度变薄,胶原含量减少。与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01),其中尤以五痹胶囊高剂量组更为突出。结论:五痹胶囊对皮下注射博来霉素导致局部硬皮病小鼠皮肤的厚度、胶原纤维的增生有明显的改善作用,并随剂量的增大呈剂量—效应关系。五痹胶囊治疗系统性硬皮病与其抑制皮肤的胶原纤维增生、降低胶原含量有关。     

Endometrial and vaginal effects of low-dose estradiol delivered by vaginal ring or vaginal tablet.

AIMS: The major aims of the study were to compare the safety of a continuous low-dose estradiol-releasing vaginal ring (ESTring) to that of a vaginal estradiol tablet (Vagifem) on the endometrium and the relief of subjective symptoms and signs of urogenital estrogen deficiency. Quality of life and acceptability of treatment delivery were also assessed. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized study in which women were assigned in a 2:1 ratio to ESTring and Vagifem and followed for 12 months. The primary endpoint was endometrial safety, based on the results of ultrasound measurement of endometrial thickness and a progestogen challenge test at baseline and week 48. Efficacy was determined by subjective assessment of urogenital estrogen deficiency symptoms at baseline and weeks 3, 12, 24, 36 and 48 and assessment of signs of vaginal epithelial atrophy by the clinician at baseline, 12 and 48 weeks. In addition, pelvic floor strength, vaginal cytological evaluation and pH, bacteruria and patient acceptability were assessed. Quality of life was assessed using a menopause-specific quality-of-life questionnaire and a 2-day bladder diary at baseline and 12 and 48 weeks. The comparability of the two groups was assessed using ANOVA, chi2 or Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS: A total of 126 women were randomized to ESTring and 59 to Vagifem. There was no statistical difference between the groups in the alleviation of symptoms and signs of urogenital estrogen deficiency. Maturation indices increased in both groups, from generally atrophic at baseline to proliferative or highly proliferative at 48 weeks. After 48 weeks of treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in endometrial thickness between the two groups. A statistically smaller proportion of bleeding/spotting occurred in the ESTring group (n = 0) compared to the Vagifem users (n = 4). Estradiol and total estrone serum levels increased during treatment in both groups but remained within the normal postmenopausal range. General health status in both groups was unchanged but the urogenital component of health burden was significantly improved in both groups. Bladder diary variables showed no differences between treatment groups. CONCLUSION: Equivalent endometrial safety and efficacy in the relief of the symptoms and signs of urogenital estrogen deficiency were demonstrated for the 12 months' use of a low-dose estradiol-releasing vaginal ring and a vaginal estradiol tablet.     

顶体反应抑制剂4'-乙酰胺苯基4-胍基苯甲酸酯(AGB)具有阻断HIV-1进入细胞的作用

目的:研究4'-乙酰胺苯基4-胍基苯甲酸酯(AGB)抗HIV-1活性及作用靶点。方法:通过AGB对宿主细胞的毒性实验、合胞体抑制实验、融合阻断实验、对HIV-1感染细胞的保护作用实验和对HIV-1急性感染细胞p24抗原产生的抑制作用等试验,观察AGB对HIV-1复制的影响和作用机制。结果:AGB抑制HIV-1IIIB诱导C8166细胞形成合胞体,EC50为39.5μg/ml;抑制HIV-1感染细胞上清中HIV-1p24抗原的表达,EC50为33.36μg/ml;阻断HIV-1慢性感染H9细胞与正常C8166细胞间融合的作用。结论:AGB具有阻断HIV-1进入宿主细胞的作用,是一种有前景的具杀精子作用的杀微生物剂。     

高强度聚焦超声的不同声强对CT-26肿瘤细胞的急性生物学效应研究

目的观察高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)对体外培养的CT-26肿瘤细胞的急性生物学效应,探讨HIFU破坏肿瘤细胞的确切机理。方法固定辐照时间,应用不同声强的HIFU辐照CT26细胞株后,用台盼兰染色、MTT 法测定活肿瘤细胞数,同时用台盼兰染色观察肿瘤细胞的形态学变化,分析HIFU剂量与肿瘤细胞存活率的关系, 了解剂量-效应关系。结果随着HIFU辐照声强的增加,肿瘤细胞的存活率迅速减少,全部杀死CT26细胞剂量的最小值为600W／cm2×30s;但死亡细胞形态完全下一致,当1000W／cm2×30s时死亡细胞无完整细胞形态,几乎完全为细胞碎片。结论声强低时对细胞的影响以高温效应为主,声强高时以高温效应和空化效应为主或以空化效应为主。     

肺栓塞的临床分析

目的:了解肺栓塞(PE)的症状、体征、实验室检查、诊断。方法:回顾性分析69例PE患者的病史、症状、体征和实验室检查。结果:PE的临床症状和体征无明显特异性,血气分析PaO2<80mmHg占90.5%,PaCO2<35mmHg占66.7%,PE的心电图改变大多为非特异性改变,胸部X线出现典型楔形阴影的只占10.2%。心脏超声检查右室扩大者占48.7%,肺动脉高压者占61.5%,可作为PE有价值的诊断依据。结论:PE仍是一个被人们认识不足的疾病,因此应给予重视。     

梗阻性不稳定膀胱模型的尿流动力学评价

目的：建立兔不全梗阻性不稳定膀胱动物模型，并观察其尿流动力学的变化。方法：取雄性成年新西兰大白兔30只，随机分为对照(假手术)组和梗阻组各15只。不全梗阻性手术后第8周，在氯胺酮和氟哌利多全麻下行尿流动力学等检侧。结果：梗阻8周后，梗阻组兔的膀胱尿流动力学主要参数较对照组有显著变化。梗阻组不稳定膀胱的发生率为60％。该膀胱出口不全梗阻动物模型无论从膀胱的病理或尿流动力学的改变，均与人类慢性膀胱出口不全梗阻类似。结论：这一动物模型的成功建立，为进一步研究人类慢性不全梗阻性不稳定膀胱疾病的病理、病理生理变化及治疗提供了一个平台。     

膀胱肿瘤术后化疗的个体化研究

目的：探讨膀胱肿瘤体外药物敏感试验的方法,并观察其指导临床用药的效果.方法：38例膀胱肿瘤患者作为药敏组,对其肿瘤标本在不同药物及同一药物不同浓度中进行体外细胞培养,应用单四唑（MTT）法检测其生长抑制率,并以此指导临床用药及术后化疗.另以30例常规应用羟喜树碱治疗的患者为对照组,分别观察两组膀胱肿瘤的年复发次数.结果：药物对肿瘤细胞的抑制率与药物的浓度呈正相关;联合用药对肿瘤细胞的抑制率明显高于单一用药.临床观察显示,药敏组肿瘤年复发次数明显低于对照组.结论：应用MTT法检测体外培养的肿瘤细胞生长抑制率是指导膀胱癌术后灌注化疗药物选择的有效方法.     

人子宫内膜细胞的纯化和培养

目的：本研究旨在建立一套子宫内膜细胞体外培养和贮存传代的方法，为进一步对其进行抗原组分研究奠定基础。方法：用胶原酶消化和铜网过筛法分离子宫内膜基质细胞和上皮细胞，进行单层培养。结果：子宫内膜上皮细胞和基质细胞分别经角蛋白单抗和波形蛋白单抗组化染色为阳性，腺细胞可持续培养4～6周，传代2～3次。结论：子宫内膜腺体细胞培养方法的建立为减少外科来源的子宫内膜抗原建立了基础。