发育性髋脱位的影像学研究进展

发育性髋脱位是一种常见的小儿骨科疾病。临床表现较隐匿,影像学检查对其诊断有重要价值。本文对X线、造影、超声、CT、MRI等影像检查方法对发育性髋脱位的诊断应用进行综述,探讨各种方法的优缺点及对发育性髋脱位的诊断价值。     

肱桡关节炎的超声诊断与综合治疗

[目的]探讨超声在诊断肱桡关节炎的价值和综合治疗的效果。[方法]应用高频超声探头对34例肱桡关节炎病人进行检查诊断，从超声表现上与“网球肘”相鉴别，并根据超声、临床表现和普通X线片进行临床分期，针对病情采用不同的方法进行治疗。[结果]制动、局部糖皮质激素封闭治疗5例，症状消失，复诊B超关节囊恢复正常。关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠10例，8例症状消失，关节内积液消失，B超检查关节间隙恢复正常。Ⅲ型在关节镜下手术2例，镜下手术包括病变滑膜切除，关节冲洗，病变软骨修整手术开放手术1例，滑膜切除、关节软骨修复桡骨小头切除。随访3个月-2年，开放手术治疗功能恢复效果不如关节镜手术。局部疼痛症状均消失，3例病人有5。左右的旋转功能受限。开放手术桡骨小头切除病例肘关节屈曲5。受限。[结论]超声作为一种无创、精确、简易、经济的检查手段对诊断肱桡关节炎有重要的作用。根据临床分型采取不同综合治疗方法治疗取得了良好的临床效果。     

应用局部皮瓣修复上睑全层缺损一例报告

目的探讨局部皮瓣修复上睑全层缺损的价值。方法2007年3月,对一例狗咬伤所致的右侧上睑全层缺损进行急诊局部皮瓣修复手术。结果术后随访45d,右侧上睑外形满意,功能良好。结论应用局部皮瓣急诊修复眼睑全层缺损,术后效果满意,可避免Ⅱ期手术和睑缘缝合。     

第三脑室脑膜瘤(九例报告及文献回顾)

目的探讨第三脑室脑膜瘤的组织发生学、临床特点和外科治疗。方法报道9例经影像学、手术和病理学证实的第三脑室脑膜瘤，并回顾相关文献。结果第三脑室前部脑膜瘤5例，第三脑室后部脑膜瘤4例，平均发病年龄25．6岁，无明显性别差异；最常见的症状是梗阻性脑积水，缺乏硬脑膜附着为其影像学特征。肿瘤全切除6例。结论第三脑室脑膜瘤是一种罕见的脑室内脑膜瘤，起源于中间帆脉络组织或脉络丛，经半球间裂-胼胝体-穹隆间入路是合理的手术路径选择。     

Diabetic neuropathic foot ulcers and amputation

A neuropathic foot ulcer is a severe complication of diabetes that can result in a more severe complication, a lower extremity amputation. We conducted a cohort study of 24,616 individuals with a diabetic neuropathic foot ulcer treated within a multicenter wound care network. A total of 1653 (6.7%) individuals had an amputation and 46.3% of these amputations were of a toe or ray (minor amputation). In the more than 10-year follow-up period that we studied, the percentage of those who had an amputation varied between 5.6% and 8.4%. Of those who had an amputation, the percentage that had a minor amputation increased over time from 4.0% in the earliest years to more than 60% in the later years of observation. The single most important determinant of amputation was the observation of fascia, tendon, and bone at the initial assessment. In conclusion, about 7% of those with a diabetic neuropathic foot ulcer will have an amputation and in the past 10 years there has been a remarkable increase in the number of minor as compared to major amputations.     

液基薄层细胞制片技术与宫颈细胞学诊断

通过对宫颈细胞学诊断的历史回顾，介绍了液基薄层细胞制片技术在国内外开展的情况及其利弊，提出我国医疗单位引进时应注意的问题，对Bethesda系统给予评价和介绍，强调我国细胞诊断学专业应规范诊断标准、加强专业人员培养、建立质量控制体系及整合资源。     

论提高专科临床护理课程教学质量的重要环节

针对现阶段专科层次临床护理课程教学存在的问题，主要从把好教师关、备课关、课堂教学关和临床见习关4个方面进行质量控制，以增强教师教学责任感，激发学生学习兴趣，促进教学质量的提高。     

C端序列的删除对非出血重组蛇毒纤溶酶的影响

[目的]研究C端序列对非出血重组纤溶酶(rFⅡ)特异性、活性和热敏感性的影响.[方法]通过SOEing PCR方法构建删除C端序列的突变体,突变体和rFⅡ分别在P.pastoris中诱导表达.表达和纯化的蛋白用SDS-PAGE和Westeren blot进行鉴定.之后分析其生化特性.[结果]rFⅡ及突变体通过SDS-PAGE和Westeren blot得到证实.生化分析揭示:①突变体对显色底物N-(p-Tosyl)-Gly-Pro-Lys-pNA的催化效率(Kcat/Km)是rFⅡ的1.9倍;②突变体和rFⅡ对氧化的胰岛素B链拥有共同的优先裂解位点,可是在随后的裂解中开始展现差异;③突变体显示了更高的纤(原)活性;④热处理表明突变体相较r FⅡ对温度的增加更敏感;⑤通过圆二色谱测量,突变体的螺旋比例有所增加.[结论]删除的序列参与rFⅡ的特异性、活性和热敏感性,该序列可作为下一步优化的候选序列.     

Predictors of oral health quality of life in older adults

There is limited information regarding oral health status and other predictors of oral health‐related quality of life. An association between oral health status and perceived oral health‐related quality of life (OHQOL) might help clinicians motivate patients to prevent oral diseases and improve the outcome of some dental public health programs. This study evaluated the relationship between older persons' OHQOL and their functional dentition, caries, periodontal status, chronic diseases, and some demographic characteristics. A group of 733 low‐income elders (mean age 72.7 ISD=4.71, 55.6% women, 55.1% members of ethnic minority groups in the U.S. and Canada) enrolled in the TEETH clinical trial were interviewed and examined as part of their fifth annual visit for the trial. OHQOL was measured by the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI); oral health and occlusal status by clinical exams and the Eichner Index; and demographics via interviews. Elders who completed the four‐year assessment had an average of 21.5 teeth (SD=6.9). with 8.5 occluding pairs (SD=4.6), and 32% with occlusal contacts in all four occluding zones. Stepwise multiple regressions were conducted to predict total GOHAI and its subscores (Physical, Social, and Worry). Functional dentition was a less significant predictor than ethnicity and being foreign‐bom. These variables, together with gender, years since immigrating, number of carious roots, and periodontal status, could predict 32% of the variance in total GOHAI, 24% in Physical, 27% in Social, and 21 % in the Worry subscales. These findings suggest that functional dentition and caries influence older adults' OHQOL, but that ethnicity and immigrant status play a larger role.