用非同位素原位杂交组化在光镜和电镜水平观察前阿黑皮素mRNA在垂体的分布

用地高辛标记反意前阿黑皮素(pro-opiomelanocortin,POMC)cRNA探针原位杂交组化在光镜和电镜水平观察了POMC mRNA在大鼠垂体的分布,并比较了碱性磷酸酶(AKP)显色系统和辣根过氧化酶(HRP)显色系统在光镜水平上的敏感性.结果:POMC mRNA广泛地分布于垂体的中间叶和前叶.中间叶全部细胞均为POMC mRNA阳性.前叶中除前叶的腹侧缘和前叶与中间叶交界处阳性细胞较少外,都有较多的POMC mRNA阳性细胞分布.AKP显色系统比HRP显色系统敏感.在电镜水平,POMC mRNA主要分布于粗面内质网,少数分泌颗粒可能呈阳性反应,胞核未见阳性反应沉淀.文内还就阳性分泌颗粒在调节细胞合成功能方面可能起的作用进行了讨论.     

CORDIC算法在B超数字扫描变换器中的应用

数字扫描变换器在B型超声诊断仪的应用，能使现代实时B型超声诊断仪实现一些新的诸如图像冻结、多帧贮存、数据测量计算和TV显示等功能。在设计B型超声诊断仪中数字扫描变化器的过程中，直角坐标到极坐标变换是一个关键的技术，本研究论述了应用在数字扫描变化器中的一种新的算法——CORDIC算法，对该算法的原理进行了简介，将CORDIC算法应用到直角——极坐标变换中，并进行了算法修正和公式计算。根据其具体的应用对该算法进行了优化，并给出了算法的硬件实现结构。最后，对算法进行了软件仿真，并给出了结果分析。     

磷脂对HDL3介导大鼠皮肤成纤维细胞内胆固醇流出能力的影响

目的　研讨磷脂对HDL3 介导大鼠皮肤成纤维细胞内胆固醇流出能力的影响。方法　在卵磷脂 (PC)或鞘磷脂 (SPM )存在条件下 ,观察HDL3 介导细胞胆固醇流出量的变化、细胞内磷脂含量变化及游离胆固醇 /胆固醇酯平衡的变化。结果　①BSA组 (对照组 )、HDL3 组、PC组、SPM组、PC HDL3 组和SPM HDL3 组分别介导 4.70 %、31.5 5 %、7.35 %、8.0 6 %、42 .95 %和 46 .98%细胞胆固醇流出 ;②BSA、HDL3 、HDL3 SPM和HDL3 PC组细胞培育后胞内卵磷脂磷含量 (PC p)和鞘磷脂磷含量 (SPM p)分别为 2 0 .0 2、5 .5 6 ,17.5 6、5 .2 8,18.6 2、7.0 0和 2 2 .5 0、5 .5 2 μg/皿 ;③PC和SPM与细胞培育后 ,胞内游离胆固醇 /总胆固醇比值分别为 49.6 5和 5 9.5 7。培育前此比值为 48.6 4。结论　①PC和SPM本身无介导细胞胆固醇流出能力 ,但它们能显著提高HDL3 介导的细胞胆固醇流出能力 ,且后者强于前者 ;②随着细胞胆固醇流出 ,部分胞内PC也流出胞外 ,而胞内SPM无明显变化 ;③SPM促进细胞内胆固醇酯向游离胆固醇转化。     

GNAS gene mutations affecting XLαs and bone health: A long neglected relationship

The GNAS locus is an imprinted site. The α-subunit of the stimulatory G protein (Gsα) and extralarge variant (XLαs) are the two important products of the GNAS locus. The abnormal expression of Gsα is associated with pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) and related disorders, including Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO), pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (PPHP), and progressive osseous heteroplasia (POH). XLαs protein can mimic the catalytic intracellular synthesis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by Gsα in response to parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulation, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of PPHP and POH in patients with paternal GNAS defects. A paternally inherited nonsense variant in the first exon of XLαs in an adult patient may be associated with fractures and osteopetrosis. The relationship between the XLαs product of the GNAS locus and bone remodeling may have been overlooked. Here, we summarize the phenotypes of genetic mouse models and clinical cases of XLαs variations and suggest that the abnormal paternal expression of XLαs may be associated with the development of POH and affect osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation.     

Clonal growth of human acute leukemia cells in serum-free methylcellulose medium

Ｔｈｅｇｒｏｗｔｈｏｆｌｅｕｋｅｍｉａｉｎｓｅｍｉｓｏｌｉｄｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｉｎｖｉｔｒｏｗａｓｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔｏｎｔｈｅｐｒｅｓ－ｅｎｃｅｏｆｅｘｏｇｅｎｏｕｓｓｅｒｕｍ．Ｓｅｒｕｍｉｓａｍｉｘ－ｔｕｒｅｃｏｎｔａｉｎｉｎｇｌａｒｇｅｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｕｎｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓａｎｄｕｎｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄｂｉｏ－ｌｏｇｉｃａｌｌｙａｃｔｉｖｅｓｕｂｓｔａｎｃｅｓ［１］,ｗｈｉｃｈｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｔｈｅｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｓｎｅｃｅｓｓａｒｙｆｏｒｔｈｅｃｅｌｌｇｒｏ…     

睫状体冷冻术联合巩膜穿刺术治疗绝对期青光眼

目的评价睫状体冷冻术联合巩膜穿刺术在治疗绝对期青光眼中的应用。方法对绝对期青光眼４７眼施行睫状体冷冻术联合巩膜穿刺术,观察术后３ａ内眼压变化。结果全部病例术后高眼压症都获缓解,对术后早期眼压反弹,本术较单纯施行睫状体冷冻术者控制眼压疗效好（Ｐ＜０．０１）,且无副作用和并发症。结论睫状体冷冻术联合巩膜穿刺术是治疗绝对期青光眼更简便、安全、有效的手术选择。     

两种LASIK微型角膜刀的临床应用探讨

目的　比较ＫＮ－ ５０００ 型微型角膜刀与Ｍｏｒｉａ 微型角膜刀在ＬＡＳＩＫ 术中制作角膜瓣时的优缺点。方法　选用连续病例５６ 例１０３ 眼,随机分ＫＮ 组和Ｍｏｒｉａ 组,ＫＮ 组２８ 例５３眼,术前近视度数平均为－ ９－２１±７－４１Ｄ,散光≤－５－００Ｄ,Ｍｏｒｉａ 组２８ 人５０ 眼,术前近视度数平均为－１０－４７±３－７３Ｄ,散光≤－２－５０Ｄ,术中分别用ＫＮ－５０００ 微型角膜刀和Ｍｏｒｉａ 微型角膜刀制作角膜瓣。结果　两组病例角膜瓣边缘整齐。基质面：ＫＮ组全部术眼光滑、规则,Ｍｏｒｉａ 组部分术眼有“搓衣板”现象。瓣异常：ＫＮ组游离瓣２ 眼,Ｍｏｒｉａ 组不全瓣５ 眼。ＫＮ组角膜瓣质量优于Ｍｏｒｉａ 组,瓣异常率低于Ｍｏｒｉａ 组。结论　ＫＮ－ ５０００ 微型角膜刀在ＬＡＳＩＫ术中制瓣时性能及安全性、稳定性优于Ｍｏｒｉａ 组微型角膜刀。ＫＮ－ ５０００ 微型角膜刀还具有良好的易学性和进行ＬＡＳＩＫ角膜板层移植的功能。     

Prevention by rolipram of concanavalin A-induced T-cell-dependent hepatitis in mice

Rolipram is a type IV phosphodiesterase inhibitor endowed with powerful immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we evaluated the effects of this drug on the development of the T-cell-mediated hepatitis inducible in mice by concanavalin A. The results indicated that prophylactic treatment with either 5 or 10 mg/kg rolipram injected intraperitoneally 24 h and 1 h prior to intravenous (i.v.) challenge with 20 mg/kg concanavalin A successfully ameliorated serological and histological signs of liver damage, so that the treated mice showed lower transaminase levels in the plasma and milder mononuclear cell infiltration of the liver as compared to vehicle-treated controls. Moreover, this effect was associated with profound modifications of circulating levels of cytokines released after concanavalin A injection, with the blood levels of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha being significantly lower and those of interleukin-10 higher than those of the control mice. In particular, the increased blood levels of interleukin-10 might play an important role in the anti-hepatitic effects of rolipram as coadministering this compound with anti-interleukin-10 monoclonal antibody significantly reduced its anti-inflammatory action. These results suggest that rolipram may be useful in the clinical setting for the treatment of cell-mediated immunoinflammatory diseases such as immunoinflammatory hepatitis.