东营区≥45岁人群结直肠癌初筛结果分析及肠镜顺应性调查

目的 对东营区≥45岁常住居民进行结直肠癌筛查,并探讨初筛阳性者肠镜顺应性及其影响因素,为提高居民结直肠癌筛查工作提供科学依据。方法 采用方便抽样方法选择辖区内2个镇和3个街道的社区卫生服务中心作为结直肠癌筛查志愿者招募点招募≥45岁常住居民为研究对象开展结直肠癌筛查及问卷调查,对初筛阳性者进一步进行肠镜检查,采用描述性分析方法对居民结直肠筛查结果及肠镜顺应性进行分析,并对其影响因素进行单、多因素分析。结果 本研究共纳入1 201人进行分析,男662人,女539人,45~59岁372人,60~69岁495人,70~79岁334人。初筛阳性人数总计371例,其中危险因素初筛阳性154例,FOBT阳性298例,危险因素和FOBT阳性双阳性者81例,初筛阳性率为30.89%。男性（OR=3.177）、黏液血便史（OR=7.683）以及肠道息肉病史（OR=5.008）为结直肠癌初筛阳性的危险因素。371例初筛阳性者中121例完成结肠镜检查,结肠镜检查顺应率为32.61%。性别（OR=2.776）、年龄（OR=0.511、0.433）、婚姻状况（OR=4.267）、文化程度（OR=2.782、3.916）、医疗保险（OR=2.743）是结直肠癌初筛阳性者结肠镜检查顺应性的影响因素。结论 东营市东营区结直肠癌初筛阳性率较高,应加强对存在黏液血便史以及肠道息肉病史男性个体人群的结直肠癌筛查。居民结直肠镜检查顺应性较低,尤其是60岁及以上、非在婚、文化程度较低、无医保的女性个体,可特异性强化对该群体个体的健康教育,提高其结直肠镜顺应性。     

性染色体型性发育异常的遗传学分析及临床意义

目的探讨不同类型性染色体型性发育异常(DSD)患者的遗传学改变及临床意义。方法选取西安交通大学第一附属医院356例性染色体型DSD患者进行G显带染色体分析,对其中18例45,X/46,XY嵌合体者进行Y染色体微缺失检测。结果356例染色体型DSD患者中,克氏综合征(KS)210例,Turner综合征(TS)124例,47,XYY综合征8例,47,XXX综合征8例,45,X/46,XY男性3例,Y染色体结构异常3例。18例45,X/46,XY患者中,3例存在微缺失,其中AZFc位点缺失2例,AZFa+b+c位点缺失1例。结论染色体型DSD以克氏综合征最常见,其次为Turner综合征。对45,X/46,XY男性患者进行Y染色体微缺失检测,有助于明确病因和选择更优的辅助生殖技术方案,实现优生优育。     

雷公藤多甙片加益肾活血法治疗IgM相关性肾小球疾病

目的探讨IgM相关性肾小球疾病的治疗。方法53例患者分为雷公藤多甙片组(A组)和雷公藤多甙片＋中药益肾活血(B组)治疗,疗程2个月。结果两组治疗前后尿蛋白均下降（P＜0．05）,组间比较则B组降低更明显(P＜0．05)。尿红细胞均有减少,A组P＞0．05,B组P＜0．05;组间比较P＜0．05。结论雷公藤多甙片＋中药益肾活血法治疗IgM相关性肾小球疾病较单用雷公藤多甙片疗效显著提高。认为辨病辨证相结合组方用药,能够提高疗效。     

高度近视白内障超声乳化及人工晶体植入的疗效

目的 :评价高度近视白内障超声乳化及人工晶体植入术的临床疗效。方法 :对眼轴 >2 6mm的 38例、5 2眼高度近视并发白内障患者 (Ⅰ级核 5眼 ,Ⅱ级核 2 1眼 ,Ⅲ级核 2 6眼 )行超声乳化及人工晶体植入术。患者平均 5 7 4岁 (5 2～ 73岁 ) ,平均眼轴长度 2 7 2± 1 5 6mm(2 6 1～ 2 9 2mm) ,平均人工晶体屈光度 (8 2 3±4 76 )D( 2～ 15 )D。结果 :术后 1周裸眼及矫正视力≥ 0 3者 38眼 (73 1% )。并发症主要包括后囊膜破裂 2眼 (3 85 % ) ,轻度角膜水肿 7眼 (13 5 % )。术后视力差的主要原因是高度近视视网膜病变。结论 :超声乳化及人工晶体植入术是高度近视并发白内障患者的理想术式 ,术者操作技巧是手术成功的关键     

周围神经端侧缝合与神经移植的实验研究

目的　比较周围神经端侧缝合与神经移植的效果。方法　选用体重 2 0 0～ 30 0gWistar大白鼠 ,左侧后肢腓总神经与胫神经端侧缝合 ,右侧腓总神经采用神经移植修复。结果　 3个月后运动神经传导速度分别为2 9.6 8± 5 .34m/s、 30 .87± 6 .0m/s(P >0 .0 5 ) ,潜伏期 2 .1± 0 .1ms ,2 .0± 0 .1ms(P >0 .0 5 ) ,波幅 12 .5± 0 .6mV、13.9± 0 .5mV(P >0 .0 5 ) ,组织切片中 ,两组均可见大量神经纤维和髓鞘 ,有髓神经纤维计数分别为 75 7.2± 2 2 .31、775± 2 1.87(P >0 .0 5 )。结论　①正常神经发出侧芽能通过端侧缝合口长入远端神经 ,使变性神经再神经化 ;②周围神经端侧缝合能取得与神经移植相近的结果。     

原发性高血压患者红细胞[Ca2+]i浓度变化及影响因素

目的：观察原发性高血压患者红细胞[Ca^2 ]i,多巴胺β羟化酶及ATP含量变化并分析其结果。方法：测定35例高血压患者的红细[Ca^2 ]i、ATP、血清多巴胺β羟化酶活性,血糖及血浆胰岛素含量,并以30例健康成年人为对照。结果：高血压患者的红细胞[Ca^2 ]i、ATP、多巴胺β羟化酶均明显高于对照组（P＜0．05,P＜0．01）,但血糖与胰岛素未见明显变化。结论：高血压患者血清多巴胺β羟化酶活性增强伴随ATP与[Ca^2 ]i升高。     

Analysis of pharmacological mechanisms of Yinyanghuo as treatment of erectile dysfunction with network pharmacology-based strategy

Erectile dysfunction is considered an important health problem that impacts the quality of life of men. Yinyanghuo, also called Epimedium or Horny Goat Weed, is a frequently used Chinese traditional herbal medicine, commonly used in treating erectile dysfunction in China. A network pharmacology method was performed systematically, at a molecular level, to analyse the pharmacological mechanism of Yinyanghuo as erectile dysfunction therapy. The network pharmacology method used in this study primarily includes prescreening of the active compounds, prediction of targets, network analysis and gene enrichment analysis. This network analysis proved that 4 targets (AR, NR3C2, PDE5A and BMP2) could be the targets of Yinyanghuo therapy on erectile dysfunction. Besides, gene enrichment analysis predicted that Yinyanghuo might have a role in erectile dysfunction by regulating 10 molecular functions, 8 cellular components, 10 biological processes and 36 possible targets related to 10 signalling pathways. Our study demonstrated the molecular and pharmacological mechanisms of Yinyanghuo against erectile dysfunction with a holistic approach and demonstrated a powerful method for analysing pharmacological mechanisms and rational utilisation of Traditional Chinese Medicine clinically.     

Outcomes and complications of naftopidil versus tamsulosin for elderly men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the outcomes and complications of naftopidil in treating elderly men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia and compared them with those administered with tamsulosin. A literature review was performed to identify the available randomised controlled trials concerning the comparison between naftopidil and tamsulosin for men with LUTS/BPH. We searched the following databases: the Cochrane Library Database, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. Eleven publications involving 1,114 men (557 in the naf group and 557 in the tam group) were pooled in our analysis. We found no significant differences in the total IPSS, IPSS storage score, IPSS voiding score, quality of life index, peak urinary flow rate, average flow rate and post-void residual volumes. We assessed cardiovascular and sexual adverse events, acute urinary retention, surgical intervention, withdrawals due to any reason and withdrawals due to adverse events. The incidence of adverse events was similar among patients in naf and tam groups. In conclusion, naftopidil shared comparable efficacy and similar incidence of adverse events with tamsulosin and appears to be a promising agent for and alternative to tam. However, more prospective trials with high quality and long-term treatment duration are needed to verify this observation.     

Effect of Wuzi Yanzong Pills on Sertoli cells and blood–testis barrier in heat-stressed rats based on Akt signalling pathway

The blood–testis barrier (BTB) of Sertoli cells (SCs) is an important biological barrier that maintains spermatogenesis and provides a favourable microenvironment for spermatogenesis. However, heat stress can directly damage the BTB structural proteins of testicular SCs, leading to dyszoospermia. Wuzi Yanzong Pills (WYP) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula used to treat male reproductive diseases. However, whether WYP could ameliorate heat stress injury in primary SCs extracted from rat testes and BTB proteins remains unknown. Here, treatment with WYP (low, medium and high dose) increased the SC viability and the proliferation of cell antigen Ki67 significantly. Additionally, it promoted SC maturation, which presented in the form of increased androgen receptors (ARs) and decreased cytokeratin 18 (CK-18) in three WYP dose groups. WYP upregulated BTB proteins such as zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) and occludin across all WYP groups and decreased phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in the middle and high-dose groups; however, ZO-1 and occludin recovery were reduced with the presence of Akt inhibitor in WYP groups. WYP improved SC viability and proliferation, and ameliorated dedifferentiation and BTB-proteins damaged by heat stress via Akt signalling. The findings present theoretical support for the effects of WYP in the management of dyszoospermia and male infertility.