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101.
Madhotra D Fenton JE Makura ZG Charters P Roland NJ 《Irish journal of medical science》2004,173(4):197-199
Background The timing of aggressive airway intervention in adult epiglottitis is controversial.
Aims To correlate Friedman’s staging of epiglottitis on admission with the airway interventions undertaken.
Methods A retrospective study of 23 adult patients, mean age 51 years (range 29–81 years), who had been admitted with acute supraglottitis
between March 1988 and December 2000 was undertaken.
Results Three patients (13%) had airway interventions; two with tracheostomy and one with tracheal intubation. All were Friedman
stage III and had rapid symptom progression during the 24 hours prior to admission. Three other stage III patients with symptom
progression longer than 24 hours and all the remaining patients (stage II or less) were managed with observation and intravenous
therapy.
Conclusions Friedman originally advocated airway intervention in any patient stage II or worse, but this intubation threshold should
probably be lowered to those patients with rapid-onset stage III (moderate respiratory distress, stridor, respiratory rate
>30 per minute, pCO2 >45mmHg) disease. 相似文献
102.
US and UK guidelines for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: Similarities and differences 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Compston J 《Current rheumatology reports》2004,6(1):66-69
Osteoporosis is a common and serious complication of glucocorticoid therapy. Recent advances in the epidemiology, pathophysiology,
and management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis have stimulated the development of guidelines for the prevention and
treatment of this condition. In this report, the updated recommendations of the American College of Rheumatology and guidelines
recently produced by the Bone and Tooth Society, National Osteoporosis Society, and Royal College of Physicians in the UK
are discussed with respect to their similarities and differences. 相似文献
103.
104.
Compston J 《Gut》2003,52(4):459-460
105.
Compston JE Vedi S Stephen AB Bord S Lyons AR Hodges SJ Scammell BE 《Journal of clinical pathology》2002,55(12):897-899
AIMS: Gulf War veterans report a high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms. The aim of this study was to establish whether there were abnormalities in bone turnover and remodelling in a group of symptomatic subjects who had served in the Gulf War. METHODS: Iliac crest bone biopsies were obtained from 17 Gulf War veterans who were seeking litigation and compared with those of 13 age and sex matched healthy controls. Bone histomorphometry was performed using image analysis. RESULTS: Cancellous bone area was significantly lower in Gulf War veterans than in control subjects (p = 0.027) and this was associated with a significantly reduced mineral apposition rate (p = 0.002), mean wall width (p < 0.0001), and bone formation rate at the tissue level (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that in this group of Gulf War veterans there was a significant reduction in bone formation at both the cellular and tissue level and this was associated with a reduction in cancellous bone area. The cause of these abnormalities is unknown but might be related to potentially harmful exposures during service in the Gulf War or to changes in life style as a result of chronic ill health. The clinical relevance of the observed reduction in bone formation remains to be established. 相似文献
106.
Investigations of the actions of estrogen on the skeleton have mainly focused on cancellous bone and there are no reported histomorphometric studies of the effects of oestrogen on cortical bone in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of both conventional hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and high-dose oestradiol on cortical bone in postmenopausal women. Transiliac biopsies were obtained from nine postmenopausal women aged 54-71 yr before and after 2 yr (mean, 23.5 months) of conventional HRT and in seven postmenopausal women aged 52-67 yr after long-term, high-dose oestradiol implant therapy (at least 14 yr). Indices of bone turnover, remodeling, and cortical structure were assessed by image analysis. Cortical width was highest in the women treated with high-dose oestrogen therapy (2.29 +/- 0.78 mm; mean +/- SD) and lowest in untreated women (1.36 +/- 0.60 mm; P=0.014). The proportion of canals with an eroded surface was significantly lower in the high-dose oestrogen group than in women before or after conventional HRT (3.03 +/- 3.7% vs. 11.1 +/- 7.1% and 10.5 +/- 8.6%; P=0.017 and 0.05, respectively). Bone formation rate (microm2/microm/day) in untreated women was significantly higher than in the high-dose oestrogen group (0.121 +/- 0.072 vs. 0.066 +/- 0.045, respectively; P=0.05), values in women treated with conventional HRT being intermediate. Our results provide the first histomorphometric evidence in postmenopausal women of dose-dependent oestrogen-induced suppression of bone turnover in iliac crest cortical bone. There was also a trend toward higher wall width with increasing dose of oestrogen, consistent with the previously reported anabolic effect in cancellous bone. 相似文献
107.
Alizadeh M Génin E Babron MC Birebent B Cournu-Rebeix I Yaouanq J Dréano S Sawcer S Compston A Clanet M Edan G Fontaine B Clerget-Darpoux F Semana G;French Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Group 《Journal of neuroimmunology》2003,143(1-2):74-78
We report the results of a genome-wide screen for linkage disequilibrium (LD) in multiple sclerosis (MS) performed on 200 cases, 200 controls and 200 case-parent trios from France employing pooled DNA methodology. A total of 3510 microsatellite markers supplied through the GAMES collaborative were analysed and ranked according to their evidence for association. The most promising 117 markers were then followed up in a two-step validation process. In the first step, additional PCR of the DNA pools was performed in order to refine the ranking order. In the second step, markers were genotyped in individual cases and parents from the trio families. Seven markers showing nominally significant allele frequency differences between affected and unaffected emerged-D6S265, D12S1064, TNFa, D7S1824, D14S1426, D14S605 and D21S2051. These potential associations will require confirmation in further studies. 相似文献
108.
A whole genome association study in Icelandic multiple sclerosis patients with 4804 markers 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Jonasdottir A Thorlacius T Fossdal R Jonasdottir A Benediktsson K Benedikz J Jonsson HH Sainz J Einarsdottir H Sigurdardottir S Kristjansdottir G Sawcer S Compston A Stefansson K Gulcher J 《Journal of neuroimmunology》2003,143(1-2):88-92
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with a complex genetic background. Here we use a genome-wide association strategy with 4804 microsatellite markers successfully typed in separately pooled DNA from 200 patients and 200 controls. A total of 91 markers showed evidence of association. When compared to our in-house physical map of the genome, six 2-Mb regions containing at least two of these markers were detected. Of those, three regions have one or more markers among the 20 most strongly associated: chromosomes 3q25, 6p21.3 (the MHC region) and 19q13. 相似文献
109.
Martins Silva B Thorlacius T Benediktsson K Pereira C Fossdal R Jonsson HH Silva A Leite I Cerqueira J Costa PP Marta M Foltynie T Sawcer S Compston A Jonasdottir A 《Journal of neuroimmunology》2003,143(1-2):116-119
Genetic factors are known to influence susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) but the genes involved are largely undefined. Here, we report an association study based on 200 patients and 200 controls from the Porto region in Portugal. A total of 3974 markers were successfully typed from which we have identified 46 markers showing evidence of association. When compared to a physical map three regions were found with two of these markers less than 1.5 Mb apart: chromosomes 6p21.3 (the MHC region), 6q14.1 and 7q34. 相似文献
110.