Increased Expression of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Reduces Renal Cell Apoptosis During Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury After Hypothermic Machine Perfusion

Hypothermic machine perfusion (MP) can reduce graft's injury after kidney transplantation; however, the mechanism has not been elucidated. In the past decade, many studies showed that aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a protease which can inhibit cell apoptosis. Therefore, this study aims to explore whether ALDH2 takes part in reducing organ damage after MP. Eighteen healthy male New Zealand rabbits (12 weeks old, weight 3.0 ± 0.3 kg) were randomly divided into three groups: normal group, MP group, and cold storage (CS) group (n = 6). The left kidney of rabbits underwent warm ischemia for 35 min through clamping the left renal pedicle and then reperfusion for 1 h. Left kidneys were preserved by MP or CS (4°C for 4 h) in vivo followed by the right nephrectomy and 24‐h reperfusion, and then the specimens and blood were collected. Finally, concentration of urine creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and 4‐HNE were tested. Renal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining, and the expression of ALDH2, cleaved‐caspase 3, bcl‐2/ bax, MAPK in renal tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry or Western blot; 24 h after surgery, the concentration of Cr in MP group was 355 ± 71μmol/L, in CS group was 511 ± 44 μmol/L (P < 0.05), while the BUN was 15.02 ± 2.34 mmol/L in MP group, 22.64 ± 3.58 mmol/L in CS group (P < 0.05). The rate of apoptosis and expression of cleaved caspase‐3, p‐P38, p‐ERK, and p‐JNK in MP group was significantly lower than that in CS group (P < 0.05), while expression of ALDH2 and bcl‐2/bax in MP group was significantly higher than that in CS group (P < 0.05); expression of cleaved caspase‐3 in both MP and CS group significantly increased as compared with that in normal group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, increased expression of ALDH2 can reduce the renal cell apoptosis through inhibiting MAPK pathway during ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) after hypothermic MP.     

Recurrent rhabdomyolysis and glutaric aciduria type I: a case report and literature review

Background

Glutaric acidemia type I (GA-I) is a rare metabolic disorder caused by mutation of the glutaryl- CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) gene. The occurrence of rhabdomyolysis with GA-I is extremely rare.

Methods

We reported a child with recurrent rhabdomyolysis and undiagnosed glutaric acidemia type I (GA-I). And a literature review was performed.

Results

A 4.5-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital due to recurrent rhabdomyolysis for 3 times within three years. At the third admission, she was diagnosed with GA-I by biochemical testing and mutation analysis. The girl was found to have a serine to leucine replacement mutation of the GCDH gene in exon 8 at position 764. Other three patients with rhabdomyolysis and GA-I were discovered by literature searching.

Conclusions

This report highlights that patients with GA-I may have an increased risk of rhabdomyolysis.

     

臂丛神经改良切口全程松解术患者的术后护理

目的总结胸廓出口综合征行改良切口全程松解术患者的术后护理经验。方法对77侧胸廓出口综合征患者行改良切口全程松解术后患者,给予周密细致的体位护理、生活护理、疼痛护理,严密观察并发症,做好常规及专科护理,重视康复训练指导。结果患者手术均顺利,术后48h症状明显改善者68例,3例改善不明显,1例自觉症状加重。手术切口均一期愈合,无1例感染。患者平均住院11.8d。6个月有效随访49侧,功能优良率为87.76%。结论实施全面、系统的术后护理,注重心理护理及康复指导护理,可减少并发症的发生,保证手术效果。     

Regeneration of hair and other skin appendages: A microenvironment‐centric view

Advances in skin regeneration have resulted in techniques and products that have allowed regeneration of both the dermis and epidermis. Yet complete skin regeneration requires the adnexal skin structures. Thus it is crucial to understand the regenerative potential of hair follicles where genetic, nutritional, and hormonal influences have important effects and are critical for skin regeneration. The follicular stem cell niche serves as an anatomical compartment, a structural unit, a functional integrator, and a dynamic regulator necessary to sustain internal homeostasis and respond to outside stimuli. In particular, mechanics such as pressure, compression, friction, traction, stretch, shear, and mechanical wounding can influence hair loss or growth. Relevant niche signaling pathways such as Wnt, bone morphogenetic protein, fibroblast growth factor, Shh, and Notch may yield potential targets for therapeutic interventions.     

肝移植术后中期肝脏血流动力学与肝功能异常的关系

目的通过分析肝移植术后中期血流动力学的规律,探讨其与肝功能的关系。方法以2014年2月至2015年10月于青岛大学附属医院进行肝移植手术的56例肝移植受者为研究对象,按肝功能正常与否分为正常组(24例)和异常组(32例)。记录两组的一般资料及肝功能,并应用超声检测其肝移植术前及术后1、30、90 d的肝动脉峰值血流速度(HAP)、门静脉峰值血流速度(PVP)、门静脉灌注量(PVF)等,并计算肝动脉缓冲能力(BC)、校正BC等。对两组间肝脏血流动力学因素与肝功能关系进行单因素和多因素分析,并绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线。结果异常组中移植术后30 d的PVP、PVF明显高于正常组(P=0.014、0.049),正常组中BC及校正BC明显高于异常组(P=0.048、0.011)。多因素分析显示校正BC是其独立危险因素(P=0.047),ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.705,灵敏度为0.652,特异度为0.750。结论肝移植术后30 d的PVP、PVF、BC及校正BC可能与肝功能异常有关,其中校正BC可作为诊断及干预肝功能异常的指标之一。