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91.
Detection of stage I neoplastic disease has become the major goal for cancer prevention and reduction of cancer-associated mortality. Whereas this goal is realized in many human solid tumors, including carcinomas arising from breast, endometrium, prostate, and gastrointestinal tract, it has become a tantalizing objective in ovarian cancer. Several population-based clinical studies designed to screen for early stage ovarian cancer fail to provide a clinically satisfied positive predictive value and, as a result, lead to several unnecessary surgeries that are associated with higher morbidity and mortality. One of the reasons is that high-grade serous carcinoma—the most common and lethal ovarian cancer—may likely arise from fallopian tube epithelium and involve the ovary secondarily. Therefore, “ovarian” cancer is unlikely ever stage I at presentation. This commentary will briefly summarize the recent findings in ovarian cancer screening and discuss the challenges, promise, and reality for early detection of ovarian cancer. 相似文献
92.
ObjectiveStudies have shown that some specific body measures are associated with the occurrence of cancers. Few studies have demonstrated the relationship with more comprehensive approaches. This study aims to explore body measures and the combinations associated with internal organ cancers.MethodsThree-dimensional anthropometric body surface scanning data collected 10,215 participants from the health examination department in a medical center of Taiwan during 2000–2010. Follow-up was conducted for an average of 8 years, and 244 internal organ cancer cases were identified.ResultsAn increased risk of internal organ cancers was observed among the subjects with larger waist circumference/smaller thigh circumference, in which waist-to-thigh ratio (WTR) was constructed. Comparing the subjects in the fourth quartile for WTR to the subjects in the first quartile with multiple Cox regression analysis yielded a hazard ratio of 1.842 (95% confidence interval, 1.131~2.999). The association between WTR quartile and internal organ cancers was stronger among male participants, older participants, and participants with chronic conditions.ConclusionsThe study has revealed that WTR is the most significant predictor for the occurrence of cancer in Asian populations. Because it is easy to measure and open to modification, WTR may be more useful in clinical and preventive medicine in the future. 相似文献
93.
Jinhai Huo Thomas A. Aloia Ying Xu Tong Han Chung Tommy Sheu Ya-Chen Tina Shih 《Value in health》2019,22(3):284-292
Background
For patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) not eligible for surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a promising technique that reduces the risk of disease progression.Objectives
To evaluate whether the trend of image guidance for RFA is moving toward the more expensive computed tomography (CT) technology and to determine the clinical benefits of CT guidance over the ultrasound (US) guidance.Methods
A cohort of 463 patients was identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results and Medicare–linked database. The temporal trends in use of image guidance were assessed using the Cochrane–Armitage test. The associations between modality of image guidance and survival, complications, and costs were assessed using the Cox regression model, the logistic regression model, and the generalized linear model, respectively.Results
The use of CT-guided RFA increased sharply, from 20.7% in 2002 to 75.9% in 2011. Compared with CT-guided RFA, those who received US-guided RFA had comparable risk of periprocedural and delayed postprocedural complications. Stratified analyses by tumor size also showed no statistically significant difference. In adjusted survival analysis, no statistically significant difference was observed in overall and cancer-specific survival. Nevertheless, the cost of CT-guided RFA ($2847) was higher than that of US-guided RFA ($1862).Conclusions
Despite its rapid adoption over time, CT-guided RFA incurred higher procedural costs than US-guided RFA but did not significantly improve postprocedural complications and survival. Echoing the American Board of Internal Medicine’s Choosing Wisely campaign and the American Society of Clinical Oncology’s Value of Cancer Care initiative, findings from our study call for critical evaluation of whether CT-guided RFA provides high-value care for patients with HCC. 相似文献94.
Kun-Teng Wang Chia-Pei Lin Yi-Ya Fang Ming-Hui Kao Daniel Yang-Chih Shih Chi-Fang Lo Der-Yuan Wang 《Yao wu shi pin fen xi = Journal of food and drug analysis.》2014,22(2):279-284
The pandemic influenza A/H1N1 outbreak resulted in 18,449 deaths in over 214 countries. In Taiwan, the influenza rapid test, an in vitro diagnostic device (Flu-IVD), only requires documented reviews for market approval by the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the analytical sensitivity and specificity of Flu-IVDs used in Taiwan. Analytical sensitivity and specificity tests were performed for influenza antigens A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) virus, A/Victoria/210/2009 (H3N2) virus, B/Brisbane/60/08 virus, and human coronavirus OC43. A total of seven domestic and 31 imported Flu-IVD samples were collected, of which, 20 samples had inadequate labeling, including those with removed package inserts or incorrect insert information. The analytical sensitivity of Flu-IVDs for A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and Flu B was 500–1000 ng/mL, 1000 ng/mL, and 1000 ng/mL, respectively. For the 50% cell culture infective dose (CCID50) label, the average A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 sensitivity for Flu-IVDs was log10 5.8 ± 0.5 and log10 6.6 ± 0.5 CCID50/mL, respectively. As to the specificity test, no product cross-reacted with human coronavirus OC43. This study provides important information on the Flu-IVD regulation status and can thus help the government formulate policies for the regulation of in vitro diagnostic devices in Taiwan. 相似文献
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98.
The complement pathway is a cascade of proteases that is involved in immune surveillance and innate immunity, as well as adaptive immunity. Dysfunction of the complement cascade may be mediated by aberrations in the pathways of activation, complement regulatory proteins, or complement deficiencies, and has been linked to a number of hematologic disorders, including paroxysmal noctural hemoglobinuria (PNH), hereditary angioedema (HAE), and atypical hemolytic‐uremic syndrome (aHUS). Here, current laboratory tests for disorders of the complement pathway are reviewed, and their utility and limitations in hematologic disorders and systemic diseases are discussed. Current therapeutic advances targeting the complement pathway in treatment of complement‐mediated hematologic disorders are also reviewed. Am. J. Hematol. 90:1180–1186, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
99.
Wei‐Hao Lin Hsing‐Chun Shih Sheng‐Yuan Wang Chuen‐Fu Lin Cheng‐Yao Yang Ming‐Tang Chiou Chao‐Nan Lin 《Transboundary and Emerging Diseases》2019,66(3):1138-1141
In March 2018, an abortion storm caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus was confirmed in a farrow‐to‐finish pig herd in Taiwan. Open reading frame 5 and non‐structural protein 2 of the virus confirmed that the virus is closely related to the virulent strains circulating in the United States. 相似文献
100.
Carbon dioxide insufflation during colonoscopy can significantly decrease post‐interventional abdominal discomfort in deeply sedated patients: A prospective,randomized, double‐blinded,controlled trial 下载免费PDF全文