In this ongoing study, patients with an estimated prostate size of no more than 20 gm are randomized to undergo either transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or transurethral incision (TUIP) at the 6 o'clock position. To date, 93 patients have been included, and 3 months postoperatively, 80 to 90 per cent of the patients in each group reported improvement. There was also a significant decrease in symptom scores and a significant increase in maximum urinary flow rate, with great variation within each group but without difference between the groups. In both groups, there appears to be some deterioration over time. Operating time, estimated blood loss, time to catheter removal postoperatively, and duration of postoperative hospital stay were all significantly in favor of TUIP. Loss of ejaculation was reported by 37 per cent of patients after TURP and by 13 per cent after TUIP (not statistically significant). There was no difference between the groups in the need for further surgery. Therefore, TUIP is recommended as an alternative to TURP in patients with small prostates. 相似文献
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with increased mucosal release of eicosanoids. Among these, thromboxane A2 has been proposed as a possible inflammatory mediator; its suppression may be a useful therapeutic option. METHODS: Using a tissue incubation technique, we compared release of immunoreactive thromboxane B2 by colonic biopsies from patients with ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and controls, and assessed the inhibitory effect of picotamide, a thromboxane synthesis inhibitor-receptor antagonist, which has been widely used in Italy for management of ischaemic heart and cerebrovascular disease. RESULTS: Increased amounts of thromboxane B2 were released from biopsies from patients with active ulcerative colitis (median 238 pg/20 min/mg wet weight (interquartile range 147- 325), n = 12) and active Crohn's disease (252 (174-450), 6) compared with those from patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis (95 (61- 140), 12) or Crohn's disease (105 (57-201), 13), or controls (136 (64- 206), 8). Incubation with picotamide at concentrations between 100 microM and 1 mM reduced thromboxane B2 release (IC50 890 microM). CONCLUSION: Since increased thromboxane A2 production may have pathogenetic importance, thromboxane synthesis inhibitor-receptor antagonists such as picotamide merit therapeutic trial in the management of inflammatory bowel disease. 相似文献
We studied 14 eyes of 14 patients undergoing argon laser peripheral iridotomy for occludable (narrow) anterior chamber angles. Preoperative and postoperative pachymetry and corneal endothelial cell counts by specular microscopy were obtained centrally and in both the treated and nontreated superior quadrants. No significant differences were found between preoperative and postoperative measurements of corneal thickness and endothelial cell counts in any area. 相似文献
Background: Patients may require perioperative cooling for a variety of reasons including treatment of a malignant hyperthermia crisis and induction of therapeutic hypothermia for neurosurgery. The authors compared heat transfer and core cooling rates with five cooling methods.
Methods: Six healthy volunteers were anesthetized with desflurane and nitrous oxide. The cooling methods were 1) circulating water (5 [degree sign] Celsius, full-length mattress and cover), 2) forced air (10 [degree sign] Celsius, full-length cover), 3) gastric lavage (500 ml iced water every 10 min), 4) bladder lavage (300 ml iced Ringer's solution every 10 min), and 5) ice-water immersion. Each method was applied for 40 min or until the volunteers' core temperatures approached 34 [degree sign] Celsius. The volunteers were rewarmed to normothermia between treatments. Core cooling rates were evaluated using linear regression.
Results: The first volunteer developed abdominal cramping and diarrhea after gastric lavage. Consequently, the technique was not again attempted. Bladder lavage increased heat loss 10 [nearly =] 10 W and decreased core temperature 0.8 +/- 0.3 [degree sign] Celsius/h (r2 = 0.99 +/- 0.002; means +/- SD). Forced-air and circulating-water cooling comparably increased heat flux, [nearly =] 170 W. Consequently, core cooling rates were similar during the two treatments at 1.7 +/- 0.5 [degree sign] Celsius/h (r2 = 0.99 +/- 0.001) and 1.6 +/- 1.1 [degree sign] Celsius/h (r2 = 0.98 +/- 0.02), respectively. Immersion in an ice water slurry increased heat loss [nearly =] 600-800 W and decreased core temperature 9.7 +/- 4.4 [degree sign] Celsius/h (r sup 2 = 0.98 +/- 0.01). Immersion cooling was associated with an afterdrop of [nearly =] 2 [degree sign] Celsius. 相似文献
Follistatin is a binding protein for the activin and inhibin family of
hormones, regulating their biological activity. In the male reproductive
tract, the interaction of these factors is likely to be involved in the
regulation of the proliferation of several cell types. We have investigated
the presence of follistatin and activin A in seminal plasma using specific
immunoassays and have localized follistatin and activin/inhibin subunits in
the adult human testis, prostate and seminal vesicle to establish their
likely sources. High concentrations of immunoreactive follistatin were
present in seminal plasma in normal men (mean 97.9 ng/ml; 1.43 ng/ml in
peripheral plasma) and were similar in men with oligo/azoospermia and
following vasectomy. Follistatin immunoreactivity was localized to both
Leydig and Sertoli cells of the testis, and to epithelial cells of the
prostate gland and seminal vesicle, which are likely to be the predominant
sources of the hormone in seminal plasma. Activin A was also present in
seminal plasma in normal men but was undetectable following vasectomy, thus
deriving from the testis. Consistent with this finding, the betaA-subunit
was immunolocalized in Sertoli and Leydig cells but was not present in
seminal vesicle or prostate gland. The functional significance of the high
concentrations of follistatin secreted into seminal plasma by the prostate
gland and/or seminal vesicle is uncertain, but they may regulate the
biological activity of testis-derived activin A and inhibin B.
相似文献
The circulating concentration of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25-(OH)2D3] is a physiologic index of enzymatic activity of the renal 1-hydroxylase of 25-hydroxychole-calciferol (25-OH-D3). Hydroxylation of 25-OH-D3 and circulating 1,25-(OH)2D3 are decreased in the streptozotocin diabetic rat. We previously found that activity of another redox enzyme system, cytosolic superoxide dismutase, also decreased in streptozotocin diabetes, can be restored by treatment with glutathione. In the present experiment we tested the effect of glutathione treatment on vitamin D metabolism in control and diabetic rats. Enteral glutathione increased circulating 1,25-(OH)2D3 and decreased 25-OH-D3 in both control and diabetic animals. These results suggest that exogenous glutathione increases 25-OH-D3 1-hydroxylation both under basal conditions in the normal animal and in diabetes-induced depression. 相似文献
Lambs harbouring an 8-week-old infection with Fasciola hepatica, together with fluke-free animals, were dosed orally with 2 g per kg body weight of sawfly larvae (Arge pullata). Fluke-free, non-dosed lambs and lambs infected only with F. hepatica served as controls. Clinico-pathological observations on sawfly-dosed, fluke-free lambs revealed the characteristic picture of sawfly poisoning. Four of six animals had to be killed in extremis. In contrast, sawfly-dosed, fluke-infected lambs exhibited only moderate clinico-pathological signs of sawfly poisoning and no deaths occurred. A reduction in the sawfly-induced liver pathology as a consequence of the concurrent F. hepatica infection was also noted. Possible factors responsible for the antagonistic effect of F. hepatica infection on sawfly poisoning in lambs are discussed. 相似文献
A case of sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma and its appearance on MRI is presented. The tumor showed a zonal architecture
on MRI with a large central core of very low signal intensity and a peripheral rim of intermediate to high signal intensity
on T1- and T2-weighted spin echo pulse sequences. The core showed decreased cellularity with dense collagen deposition on
histologic examination, and the peripheral zone increased cellularity with increased nuclear atypia. The presence of a prominent
region of very low signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images can be seen with neural tumors, giant cell tumor of the
tendon sheath, aggressive fibromatosis, and, in rare instances, with soft tissue sarcomas rich in collagen. 相似文献