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81.
Fadi Brimo MD Andrew A. Renshaw MD Majorie Deschenes MD Michele Charbonneau CT Manon Auger MD 《Cancer cytopathology》2009,117(5):311-317
BACKGROUND:
Documenting the performance of gynecologic screening in actual practice settings is difficult to achieve. In the current study, the screening performance of 11 individual cytotechnologists as well as that of the overall laboratory over 2 consecutive time periods was examined using the rapid prescreening (RPS) method.METHODS:
RPS was performed by all cytotechnologists in a single laboratory over 2 separate 8‐month periods. The sensitivity of screening for individual and groups of cytotechnologists was examined. For purposes of comparison, cytotechnologists were divided into 2 groups: screeners with an overall routine sensitivity ≥95% and screeners with an overall sensitivity <95%.RESULTS:
Atypical squamous cells (ASC) were used as a threshold, and routine screening sensitivity was found to vary from 68.3% to 96.8%. The overall sensitivity of the laboratory for RPS and routine screening was 43.6% and 88.4%, respectively. Over time, the overall laboratory sensitivity of routine screening improved from 85.3% to 91.3% (P = .01). During this same time frame, the sensitivity of the screeners with an overall sensitivity <95% improved from 79.3% to 91.2% (P < .001), whereas the sensitivity of screeners with an overall routine sensitivity ≥95% remained the same (96.1% to 96.4%; P = .6).CONCLUSIONS:
In addition to improved overall performance of the laboratory by detecting and correcting errors, the results of the current study indicate that using RPS consistently over time might play a role leading to improved performance of cytotechnologists with an overall routine sensitivity <95% but not of cytotechnologists with an overall routine sensitivity ≥95%. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society. 相似文献82.
Damien Adam Claudia Bilodeau Laura Sognigbé Émilie Maillé Manon Ruffin Emmanuelle Brochiero 《Journal of cystic fibrosis》2018,17(6):705-714
Background
Progressive airway damage due to bacterial infections, especially with Pseudomonas aeruginosa remains the first cause of morbidity and mortality in CF patients. Our previous work revealed a repair delay in CF airway epithelia compared to non-CF. This delay was partially prevented after CFTR correction (with VRT-325) in the absence of infection. Our goals were now to evaluate the effect of the Orkambi combination (CFTR VX-809 corrector?+?VX-770 potentiator) on the repair of CF primary airway epithelia, in infectious conditions.Methods
Primary airway epithelial cell cultures from patients with class II mutations were mechanically injured and wound healing rates and transepithelial resistances were monitored after CFTR rescue, in the absence and presence of P. aeruginosa exoproducts.Results
Our data revealed that combined treatment with VX-809 and VX-770 elicited a greater beneficial impact on airway epithelial repair than VX-809 alone, in the absence of infection. The treatment with Orkambi was effective not only in airway epithelial cell cultures from patients homozygous for the F508del mutation but also from heterozygous patients carrying F508del and another class II mutation (N1303?K, I507del). The stimulatory effect of the Orkambi treatment was prevented by CFTR inhibition with GlyH101. Finally, Orkambi combination elicited a slight but significant improvement in airway epithelial repair and transepithelial resistance, despite the presence of P. aeruginosa exoproducts.Conclusions
Our findings indicate that Orkambi may favor airway epithelial integrity in CF patients with class II mutations. Complementary approaches would however be needed to further improve CFTR rescue and airway epithelial repair. 相似文献83.
Tokiko Hamasaki René Pelletier Daniel Bourbonnais Patrick Harris Manon Choinière 《Journal of hand therapy》2018,31(2):215-226
Study Design
Literature review.Introduction
Pain is a subjective experience that results from the modulation of nociception conveyed to the brain via the nervous system. Perception of pain takes place when potential or actual noxious stimuli are appraised as threats of injury. This appraisal is influenced by one's cognitions and emotions based on her/his pain-related experiences, which are processed in the forebrain and limbic areas of the brain. Unarguably, patients' psychological factors such as cognitions (eg, pain catastrophizing), emotions (eg, depression), and pain-related behaviors (eg, avoidance) can influence perceived pain intensity, disability, and treatment outcomes. Therefore, hand therapists should address the patient pain experience using a biopsychosocial approach. However, in hand therapy, a biomedical perspective predominates in pain management by focusing solely on tissue healing.Purpose of the Study
This review aims to raise awareness among hand therapists of the impact of pain-related psychological factors.Methods and Results
This literature review allowed to describe (1) how the neurophysiological mechanisms of pain can be influenced by various psychological factors, (2) several evidence-based interventions that can be integrated into hand therapy to address these psychological issues, and (3) some approaches of psychotherapy for patients with maladaptive pain experiences.Discussion and Conclusion
Restoration of sensory and motor functions as well as alleviating pain is at the core of hand therapy. Numerous psychological factors including patients' beliefs, cognitions, and emotions alter their pain experience and may impact on their outcomes. Decoding the biopsychosocial components of the patients' pain is thus essential for hand therapists. 相似文献84.
Brigitte Schroell-Metzger Mario Dicato Manon Bosseler Guy Berchem 《Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine》2003,41(4):482-485
For several years it has been possible to routinely detect numerous mutations in the human genome by different methods. The most common technique is a standard PCR, but real time fluorescence PCR is increasingly being used. The purpose of this paper is to compare these two different techniques from the point of view of reliability, time consumption, and cost. More than 600 DNA samples of prevalence studies and from cancer patients were used to determine mutations in the genes of coagulation factor V Leiden, prothrombin, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase using standard PCR. A subset of 132 samples from the same pool was also tested by LightCycler PCR for the same coagulation gene mutations. Originally LightCycler techniques were applied for quantitative PCR by real time fluorescence measuring. Adding a melting curve analysis allows mutation detection. The results were perfectly concordant. The cost for the reagents is nearly the same for both methods but the time consumption for standard PCR is much higher than for the LightCycler method, resulting in higher laboratory personnel costs. 相似文献
85.
Tawnya Shimizu Manon Bouchard Cleo Mavriplis 《Canadian family physician Médecin de famille canadien》2016,62(2):131-138
ObjectiveTo summarize the best available age-appropriate, evidence-based guidelines for prevention and screening in Canadian adults.ConclusionWhether primary care providers use a dedicated preventive health visit or opportunistic preventive counseling and screening in their patient encounters, this summary of evidence-based recommendations can help maximize efficiency and prevent important omissions and unnecessary screening.Useful charting tools for preventive care have been published in the past1–4 but not all such resources are regularly updated. There is a lack of recent comprehensive guides to facilitate delivery and charting of appropriate evidence-based primary care. Recommendations for screening come from various organizations and are constantly changing, rendering health promotion and disease prevention a daunting task. Currently, navigating the plethora of available information in a search of prevention guidelines is overwhelming. There is a need for regular updates through systematic literature reviews. Piecing together these guidelines into a single summary table for practical use in a busy clinical setting simplifies access to information and allows practitioners to provide preventive care in an efficient, evidence-based manner.Chronic disease management is an economic burden to the health care system.5 Savings through prevention have been explored by several sources, with emphasis on quality of life and increase in years lived.6,7 The Choosing Wisely movement is publicizing the disadvantages of causing harm with tests that are not evidence based.8 By facilitating opportunities for prevention through easy access to best-practice guidelines, the incidence of chronic disease might decrease, resulting in improved patient-centred care and savings to the health care system.We performed a review of the literature and created a concise table summarizing the findings, as well as charting tools to aid in documentation. After reading this article, providers will be able to list the evidence-based recommendations for preventive maneuvers in healthy adults of different ages and sexes. 相似文献
86.
Dorian N. Dijxhoorn Merwin J.M.J. Mortier Manon G.A. van den Berg Geert J.A. Wanten 《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2019,119(7):1118-1141.e36
BackgroundAn adequate hospital foodservice is important to optimize protein and energy intake and to maintain or improve a patient’s nutritional status. Key elements that define an optimal foodservice have yet to be identified.ObjectivesTo systematically describe the effects of published foodservice interventions on nutrition and clinical outcomes and determine which elements should be considered essential. Secondly, to describe the outcome measures used in these studies and evaluate their relevance and validity to guide future research.MethodsPubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science databases were searched. Studies that included assessment of nutrition and/or clinical outcomes of hospital foodservice up to December 2017 were eligible. The details of the subject population, the type of intervention, and the effects on reported outcomes were extracted from each study.ResultsIn total, 33 studies that met inclusion criteria were identified, but only nine (27%) were rated as having sufficient methodologic quality. These nine studies concluded that various elements of a foodservice can be considered essential, including using volunteers to provide mealtime assistance, encouraging patients to choose protein-rich foods, adding protein-enriched items to the menu, replacing existing items with protein-enriched items, giving patients the ability to order food by telephone from a printed menu (room service concept), or a combination of these interventions. The interstudy heterogeneity was high for both outcome measures and methods.ConclusionsVarious foodservice interventions have the potential to improve outcome measures. Recommendations are made to facilitate future research. 相似文献
87.
Cell-based protein vaccines for influenza 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cox MM 《Current opinion in molecular therapeutics》2005,7(1):24-29
An overview of influenza vaccines in development is provided, with an emphasis on new cell-based protein vaccine candidates. The current licensed vaccine is a cost-effective means to reduce the impact of influenza with a known mechanism of action. Most vaccine companies are focusing on the production of whole influenza viruses in various cell lines to replace egg-based manufacturing technology. Only a limited number of targets have been identified for the development of cell-based protein influenza vaccines. They include hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, M2 and nucleocapsid protein. These protein-based vaccine candidates are discussed, along with their progress in clinical development and the advantages and disadvantages of each vaccine approach. 相似文献
88.
Manon L. Briand Maria Bikaki Chasper Puorger Philippe F.-X. Corvini Patrick Shahgaldian 《RSC advances》2020,11(2):810
We report a method to equip proteolytic nanobiocatalysts with intrinsic disulphide bond reducing properties. After immobilisation onto silica particles, selected protease enzymes are partially shielded in a nanometre-thick mercaptosilica layer acting not only as a protective system but also as a substrate reducing agent. The biocatalysts produced efficiently perform simultaneous disulphide bond reduction and protein digestion. Besides a significant simplification of the proteolysis process, this strategy allows for a drastic increase of the enzyme stability.Proteolytic nanobiocatalysts are equipped with intrinsic disulphide bond reducing properties. 相似文献
89.
The synthetic opioid methadone has generated much interest in recent years among clinicians involved in the management of intractable chronic cancer pain. Its use as an analgesic is starting to extend to the treatment of noncancer pain, particularly neuropathic pain. Unfortunately, the evidence for its use in the management of neuropathic pain is limited to a few case studies. We examined retrospectively during a 12-month study period the clinical response of all 13 patients at our pain clinic who were prescribed methadone in an attempt to control neuropathic pain resistant to conventional analgesics. A questionnaire was also administered to the 9 patients who continued to take methadone at 12 months posttreatment. A total of 4 patients (31%) discontinued it by the end of the 12-month study period. Patients discontinued methadone due to the absence of pain relief and due to various intractable, undesirable side effects. Somnolence was the most common adverse effect reported, followed by nausea, constipation, and vomiting. All patients took coanalgesics (eg, amitriptyline, gabapentin) or other analgesics (eg, morphine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) during methadone treatment to control pain. The 9 patients who continued to take methadone at 12 months reported experiencing on average 43% pain relief (range 0-80%), 47% improvement in quality of life (range 0-100%), and 30% improvement in quality of sleep (range 0-60%). Methadone was effective at relieving pain and ameliorating quality of life and sleep in 62% of patients. These findings suggest that methadone can offer an acceptable success rate for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Prospective randomized, placebo-controlled studies are now needed to examine more rigorously the benefits of methadone for this type of pain. 相似文献
90.
Serge Daneault Véronique Lussier Suzanne Mongeau Louise Yelle Andréanne C?té Claude Sicotte Pierre Paillé Dominique Dion Manon Coulombe 《Canadian family physician Médecin de famille canadien》2016,62(8):648-656
ObjectiveTo better understand the role of hope among terminally ill cancer patients.DesignQualitative analysis.SettingA tertiary specialized cancer centre in Canada.ParticipantsCancer patients in palliative care with an estimated remaining life expectancy of 12 months or less (N = 12) and their loved ones (N = 12) and treating physicians (N = 12).MethodsEach patient underwent up to 3 interviews and identified a loved one who participated in 1 interview. Treating physicians were also interviewed. All interviews were fully transcribed and analyzed by at least 2 investigators. Interviews were collected until saturation occurred.ConclusionApproaches aimed at sustaining hope need to reflect that patients’ reactions might fluctuate between despair and a form of acceptance that leads to a certain serenity. Clinicians need to maintain some degree of hope while remaining as realistic as possible. The findings also raise questions about how hope influences patients’ perceptions and acceptance of their treatments. 相似文献